yug

yug, hindu sabhyata ke anusaar, ek nirdhaarit sankhya ke varshon ki kaalaavadhi hai. bramhaand ka kaal chakr chaar yugon ke baad doharaata hai. hindu brahmaand vigyaan se hame yeh pata chalta hai ki har 4.1-8.2 arab saalon baad bramhaand mein jeevan ek baar nirmaan evam nasht hota hai. is kaalaavadhi ko ham brahma ka ek poora din (raat aur din milaakar) bhi maanate hai. brahma ka jeevanakaal 40 arab se 3110 arab varshon ke beech hota hai.

kaal ke angavishesh ke roop mein 'yug' shabd ka prayog rigved se hi milta hai (dash yuge, rig0 1.158.6) is yug shabd ka parimaan aspasht hai. jyautish-puraanaadi mein yug ke parimaan evam yugadharm aadi ki suvishd charcha milti hai.

vedaang jyotish mein yug ka vivran hai (1,5 shlok). yeh yug panchasanvatsaraatmak hai. kautilya ne bhi is panchavatsaraatmak yug ka ullekh kiya hai. mahaabhaarat mein bhi yeh yug smrut hua hai. par yeh yug paaribhaashik hai, arthaat shaastrakaaron ne shaastreeya vyavahaarasiddhi ke liye is yug ki kalpana ki hai.

mukhya laukik yug satya (ukrut), treta, dvaapar aur kali naam se chaar bhaagon mein (chaturdha) vibhkt hai. is yug ke aadhaar par hi manvantar aur kalp ki ganana ki jaati hai. is ganana ke anusaar satya aadi chaar yug sandhya (yugaaranbh ke pehle ka kaal) aur sandhyaansh (yugaant ke baad ka kaal) ke saath 12000 varsh parimit hote hain. chaar yugon ka maan 4000 + 3000 + 2000 + 1000 = 10000 varsh hai; sandhya ka 400 + 300 + 200 + 100 = 1000 varsh; sandhyaansh ka bhi 1000 varsh hai. yugon ka yeh parimaan divya varsh mein hai. divya varsh = 360 manushya varsh hai; at: 12000 x 360 = 4320000 varsh chaturyug ka maanush parimaan hua. tadanusaar satyayug = 1728000; treta = 1296000; dvaapar = 864000; kali = 432000 varsh hai. iddash 1000 chaturyug (chaturyug ko yug bhi kaha jaata hai) se ek kalp yaane brahma ki aayu 100 varsh hai. 71 divyayugon se ek manvantar hota hai. yeh vastut: mahaayug hai. anya avaantar yug bhi hai.

yugadharm ka vistaar ke saath pratipaadan itihaas puraanon mein bahut milta hai (dekhiye, matsyapuran 142-144 a0; garoodpuraan 1.223 adhyaya; vanaparv 149 adhyaaya). kis kaal mein yug (chaturyug) sambandhi poorvokt dhaaran pravrutt hui thi, is sambandh mein gaveshakon ka anumaan hai ki khoshteeya chauthi shati mein yeh vivran apne poorn roop mein prasiddh ho gaya tha. vastut: isa poorv pratham shati mein bhi yeh kaal maana jaae to koi dosh prateet naheen hota.

vidvaanon ne kaliyugaaranbh ke vishay mein vishisht vichaar kiya hai. kuchh ke vichaar se mahaabhaarat yuddh se iska aarambh hota hai, kuchh ke anusaar Krishna ke nidhan se tatha ekaadh ke mat se draupadi ki mrutyutithi se kali ka aarambh maana ja sakta hai. yat: mahaabhaarat yuddh ka koi sarvasanmat kaal nishchat naheen hai, at: is vishay mein antim nirnaya kar sakana abhi sambhav naheen hai.

• bhoovaijnyaaanik kaalaganana
• yug (bhaumiki)
• yug varnan - vibhinn yugon ki visheshataaeain