vikipeediya:IPA for Basque

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Basque language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See Basque language#Phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Basque.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
b bat best
β alaba[1] between baby and bevy
c kuttun roughly like Tuesday in RP
d doa dead
ð adar[1] this
f foru face
ɡ gauak got
ɣ hego[1] between go and ahold
h hamar[2] hot
ɟ onddo roughly like due in RP
k ke scan
l lagun lean
ʎ zailenak roughly like million
m maixu mother
n naharo need
ɲ ikurrina roughly like canyon
p piztu spouse
r urre trilled r
ɾ zauri ladder in American English
s̺ uso sack[3]
s̻ zeru
ʃ xehe shine
t talde stand
ts̺ urretsu cats[3]
ts̻ aitzin
tʃ tximist choice
x; j jakintsu[4] loch
Vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
a gela father
e eder bed
i nire see
o aho bore
u hiru food
y hirü roughly like cute (Souletin)
Diphthongs
ai bai eye
oi doinu boy
ei leiho ray
au hau house
eu euri eh-oo or ey-oo
Suprasegmentals
IPA Examples English approximant
. gauak [gau.ak] moai

Notes

  1. ↑ a aa i Lenition of /b d g/ occurs in regular speech in most Southern Basque dialects. saaaincha:Harvcoltxt.
  2. ↑ Silent in Southern Basque dialects.
  3. ↑ a aa Basque contrasts two consonants that sound similar to the /s/ of Englishː /s̺/, which is apical, and /s̻/, which is laminal. Similarly, /ts̺/ and /ts̻/ are contrasted in the same way.
  4. ↑ /x/ is frequently heard due to its prevalence in Gipuzkoan but the realisation of the grapheme j varies depending on dialect and includes [j, ʝ, ɟ, ʒ, ʃ, x, χ]. The last, which resembles Scottish English loch, is typical of Gipuzkoan and the dialect of Gernika.

References

See also

  • Basque dialects
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