vikipeediya:IPA for Astur-Leonese

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Astur-Leonese pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. There are three main standards of Astur-Leonese, one of Asturian and one of Leonese in Spain, and one of Mirandese in Portugal. Neither Astur-Leonese variant is preferred over the other at Wikipedia except in cases where a local pronunciation is clearly more relevant, such as a place in Asturias or Miranda do Douro (Alto Tráas-os-Montes) or a Leonese artist.

IPA Consonants Examples English equivalent b bono; vara, palomba best β cabra; les vares between baby and bevy d dolce; andar; alderique die ð corderu this f fierru; afayar face ɡ guerra; enguila got ɣ gadañaau, mugor between go and ahold ʝ ye; trabayu between beige and due in RP k coyer; quesu scan l l lentu; filu luck ɫ calcar luck or wool ʎ llentu / lhengua roughly like million m marzu; amor mother n nel; cabana need ŋ — enguila; encontu; avientu sing ɲ españar / pequeinho roughly like canyon p palu; aportar spose r rabu; arramplar trilled r ɾ[1] cultura; cayer ladder in American English s s̺ suelu; asina / s-; -ss- sack θ s̻ cielu; zapatu; cazar / c-; ç-; -ç- thing or sack z̻ z; desdexar; ç + voiced consonant thing or zebra ʃ ʃ xera, axuntar shop ʒ pexdegatu, j-, -j- shop or rouge t tontu, matu stand tʃ charrar, echar chop z z̺ -s + voiced consonant / achisbar, -s + voiced consonant zebra IPA Marginal consonants Examples English equivalent h — ḥoguera; guaḥe ham ɖ[2] — ḷaḷousa; Vitsablinu guard kʲ — — coyyer Roughly like Scutum x — Jaéan loch IPA Vowels Examples English equivalent a a pá father ã mancar ɐ but ɐaã e e fame pay ẽ neñau ɛ[3] ɛaã[3] ɨ ɨaã i i fíu see ĩ índa o o cuayáo code õ onde ɔ[4] u u u camudar food ũ munchu IPA Semivowels[5] Examples English equivalent j Uviéau you or boy w cueva wine or cow IPA Suprasegmentals Examples English equivalent ˈ vieyu [bjeˈaaʝaau] bottle ˌ veníes [beˈaaniˌaaes] intonation . ríu [ri.u] moai Notes ↑ Can become an Alveolar approximant in the last position of an infinitive, specially in central asturian where are remains of infinitives in -re. ↑ Varies with a voiced retroflex affricate, a voiceless retroflex affricate and a voiceless alveolar affricate. ↑ a aa May be a mid vowel: [e̞] and [ẽa̞], same as Leonese and Asturian /e/. ↑ May be a mid vowel: [o̞], same as Leonese and Asturian /o/. ↑ The semivowels /w/ and /j/ can be combined with most vowels to form diphthongs and triphthongs.