vidya

vidya hai vo jaankaari aur gun, jo ham dikhaane, sunaane, ya padhaane (shiksha) ke maadhyam se praapt karte hai. hamaare jeevan ke shuruaat mein ham sab jeena seekhate hai. shiksha logon ko gyaan aur vidya daan karne ko kehte hain athva vyavahaar mein sakaaraatmak env vikaasonmukh parivartan ko shiksha maana jaata hai.

vid‍aaya ek kala hai. vah aisi kala hai, jaiha ham vid‍aaya me badlaav la sakte hai, aur naya ya majabooti, vartamaan gyaan ,vevyaahaar , hunar, kadar, aur praathmikta ko arjit kar sakte hai. vid‍aaya me alag-alag jaankaari ko sanlekshan kar sakte hai. vid‍aaya ki yogyata ko maanav, jaanavar aur yantttr se bhootgrasat hai. pragati evam samay hamesha vid‍aaya ki rekha ko paalan karta hai. ye sab ekadoom, ek hi samay par nahi hota, balki pehla gyaan par nirmaan aur gadha karta hai. vid‍aaya keval ek sankalan taatyapoorn aur prakriyaatmik gyaan nahi hai, balki vah ek vidhi ya prakriya hai .vid‍aaya har ek jeev me badlaav laata hai, aur yeh badlaav hamesha tulanaatmak roop se sthir hai.

maanav ki vid‍aaya gyaan, nij ki unnati ya training ki ek bhaag hota hai. vah ek lakshya abhivinyast hai aur lagbhag abhiprerana se sahaayatayuktit hai. kis tarah vid‍aaya aata hai vah ejukeshanal saaikaulaji, nuro saaikaulaji, larning thiyri aur pedagoji ke bhaag hai. vid‍aaya ki antim parinaam abhyaas aur klaisikl kandeeshaning, jo ham jaanavaro me dekhte hai ya vah ek antim parinaam hota hai, jahaaain bahut saare kala hote hai jaise khelna, jo ham sirf chatur jaanavaro me dekhte hai. vid‍aaya me jaagrut hokar ya bina jaagrut hokar aata hai. jo vid‍aaya pratikool kaaryakram jisko ham taal nahi sakte, isko ham gyaani asahaayata kehte hai. ek gavaah hai jo maanav ke savabhaavajanya hai,jisme abhyaas ko dekha gaya hai, vo bhi 32 veeks hai jahaaain garabakaal ka samay hai. yeh sanket karta hai ki central nervous system kaafi unnat aur pratham vid‍aaya ke liye hai aur chetna ko pehle unnat me aane ki sanket karta hai. ^[1]

bahut saare theeyarists kehte hai ki khel vid‍aaya ki pehli mudra hai. bachche duniya ke saath jaanj karte hai, uske tor tareeke seekate hai aur ek doosare se baatcheet karte hai. ye sab khel se hi hota yaaseekate hai. lev vaaigaski raaji hote hai ki khel bachcho hi unnati ke liye bahut mahatvapoorn hai, kyo ki ve ek uddeshya apne vaataavaran ke saath banaate hai jo gyaan ke khel se hi hota hai. ^[2]

1. non asoseeyetiv larning.
2. abhyaas
3. sensichijeshan
4. asoseeyetiv larning
5. opareint kandeeshaning
6. klaisikl kandeeshaning
7. imaprinting
8. khel
9. enkulatuaalistion
10. episauik larning.
11. maltimeediya larning
12. larning aand aaraguemeinted
13. reet larning
14. meeningful larning
15. inastaruemeintal larning.
16. faurmal larning.
17. non- faurmal larning

• gyaan
• vidya daan
• avidya

1. ↑ ejukeshanal saaikaulaji baai mangal, vikaas pablikeshans, delhi
2. ↑ advainsd ejukeshanal saaikaulaji baai shorma, vikaas pablikeshans, delhi

• Knowledge (vidya)