topakhaana

2009 mein afgaanistaan mein ek ameriki topakhaana (aartilri) dasta apni top chalaate hue

topakhaana ya aartilri (Artillery) kisi fauj ya yuddh mein sainikon ke aise gut ko bolte hain jinke mukhya hathiyaar prakshepya prakruti ke hote hain, yaani jo shatru ki taraf visfotak gole ya anya cheejein feinkate hain. puraane jmaane mein topakhaanon ka prayog kile ki deevaaron ko todkar aakraamak faujon ko andar le jaana hota tha lekin samay ke saath-saath topein halaki aur adhik shaktishaali hoti chali gayi aur ab unhein yuddh ki bahut si sthitiyon mein prayog kiya jaata hai. aadhunik yug mein topakhaane ko jmeeni yuddh ka sabse khtaranaak tatv maana jaata hai. pratham vishvayuddh aur dviteeya vishvayuddh donon mein sab se adhik sainikon ki mrutyu topakhaanon se hi hui. 1944 mein soviyet taanaashaah josef staalin ne ek bhaashan mein topakhaane ko 'yuddh ka Bhagwan' bataaya.^[1]

aadhunik yug ki jangon mein haar-jeet mein topakhaanon ki itni badi bhoomika rahi hai ki kuchh sameekshakon ke anusaar '16veen sadi mein topakhaana hi audyogik technology ki param upalabdhi thi' aur kuchh arase ke liye 'topon ka nirmaan mukhya udyog tha'.^[2] bhaarateeya upamahaadveep ke itihaas mein bhi topakhaane ka bahut prabhaav raha hai. udaaharan ke liye jab baabar ne ujbekistaan se aakar Bhaarat par aakraman kiya to vah pehla sainya neta tha jisne uttar Bhaarat mein topakhaane ka prayog kiya. aarambh mein yeh baat usaki jeet aur mugl saamraajya ke sthaapit ho sakane ki ek badi vajah rahi.^[3]

• top