tamil bhaasha
| tamil | ||
|---|---|---|
| தaaமaaிaaழaa் tamiḻ | ||
| boli jaati hai | Bhaarat, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia aur anya deshon mein tamil apravaasiyon dvaara. | |
| kul bolne vaale | 6.8 karod (maatrubhaasha)
7.7 karod (kul) |
|
| bhaasha parivaar |
Dravid
|
|
| aadhikaarik star | ||
| aadhikaarik bhaasha ghoshit | tamil naadu (Bhaarat), Sri Lanka, Singapore | |
| niyaamak | koi aadhikaarik niyman naheen | |
| bhaasha koot | ||
| ISO 639-1 | ta | |
| ISO 639-2 | tam | |
| ISO 639-3 | tam | |
 |
||
| soochana: is panne par yooneekod mein a॰adha॰ava॰ (I pi A) chinh ho sakte hain. | ||
tamil (தaaமaaிaaழaa், uchchaaran:tamil) ek bhaasha hai jo mukhyat: Tamil Nadu tatha Sri Lanka mein boli jaati hai. Tamil Nadu tatha puducheri mein yeh raajabhaasha hai. yeh Sri Lanka tatha Singapore ki kai raajabhaashaaon mein se ek hai. [1][2]
anukram
parichay
tamil draavid bhaasha parivaar ki praacheenatam bhaasha maani jaati hai. iski utpatti ke sambandh mein abhi tak yeh nirnaya naheen ho saka hai ki kis samay is bhaasha ka praarambh hua. vishv ke vidvaanon ne sanskrut, greek, laitin aadi bhaashaaon ke samaan tamil ko bhi ati praacheen tatha sampann bhaasha maana hai. anya bhaashaaon ki apeksha tamil bhaasha ki visheshata yeh hai ki yeh ati praacheen bhaasha hokar bhi lagbhag 2500 varshon se avirt roop se aaj tak jeevan ke sabhi kshetron mein vyavahrut hai. tamil bhaasha mein upalabdh granthon ke aadhaar par yeh nirvivaad nirnaya ho chuka hai ki tamil bhaasha isa se kai sau varsh pehle hi susankrut aur suvyavasthit ho gayi thi.
mukhya roop se yeh Bhaarat ke dakshini raajya tamil naadoo, shri lanka ke tamil bahul uttari bhaagon, Singapore aur Malaysia ke bhaarateeya mool ke tamilon dvaara boli jaati hai. Bhaarat, Sri Lanka aur Singapore mein iski sthiti ek aadhikaarik bhaasha ke roop mein hai. iske atirikt yeh Malaysia, Mauritius, viytanaam, riyooniyn istyaadi mein bhi paryaapt sankhya mein boli jaati hai. lagbhag 7 karod log tamil bhaasha ka prayog maatru-bhaasha ke roop mein karte hain. yeh Bhaarat ke tamil naadu raajya ki prashaasanik bhaasha hai aur yeh pehli aisi bhaasha hai jise 2004 mein Bhaarat sarkaar dvaara shaastreeya bhaasha ka darja diya gaya.
tamil Dravid bhaasha parivaar aur Bhaarat ki sabse praacheen bhaashaaon mein gini jaati hai. is bhaasha ka itihaas kam se kam 3000 varsh puraana maana jaata hai. praacheen tamil se lekar aadhunik tamil mein utkrusht saahitya ki rachana huyi hai. tamil saahitya kam se kam pichhle do hajaar varshon se astitv mein hai. jo sabse aaranbhik shilaalekh paae gaye hai ve teesari shataabdi isaapoorv ke aaspaas ke hain. tamil saahitya ka aaranbhik kaal, sangam saahitya, 300 ipoo - 300 isveen ka hai.
is bhaasha ke naam ko "tamil" ya "taamil" ke roop mein hindi bhaasha-bhaashi uchchaaran karte hain. tamil bhaasha ke saahitya tatha nighntu mein tamil shabd ka prayog 'madhur' arth mein hua hai. kuchh vidvaanon ne sanskrut bhaasha ke draavid shabd se tamil shabd ki utpatti maankar draavid > Dravid > dramid > dramil > tamil aadi roop dikhaakar tamil ki utpatti siddh ki hai, kintu tamil ke adhikaansh vidvaan is vichaar se sarvatha asahamat hain.
gathan
tamil mein hindi tatha kuchh anya bhaarateeya bhaashaaon ke vipreet ling-vibhed pramukh naheen hota hai.
devanaagari varnamaala ke kai aksharon ke liye tamil mein ek hi varn ka prayog hota hai, yatha -
| devanaagari | tamil |
|---|---|
| k, kh, g, gh | க |
| ch, chh, j, jh | ச |
| t, th, d, dh | ட |
| t, th, the, dh | த |
| p, f, b, bh | ப |
tamil bhaasha mein kuchh aur varn hote hain jinka prayog saamaanya hindi mein naheen hota hai. udaaharanaarth : ள, ழ, ற, ன.
lekhan pranaali
tamil bhaasha vatt elattu lipi mein likhi jaati hai. anya bhaarateeya bhaashaaon ki tulana mein ismein spashtat: kam akshar hain. devanaagari lipi ki tulana mein (yeh tulana adhikaansh bhaarateeya bhaashaaon par laagoo hoti hai) ismein deergh A tatha deergh O bhi hain. pratyek varg (kavarg, chavarg aadi) ka keval pehla aur antim akshar upasthit hai, beech ke akshar naheen hain (anya dravid bhaashaaon telugu, kannad, malayalam mein ye akshar upasthit hain). r aur l ke adhik teevr roop bhi hain. vaheen na ka komalatar roop bhi hai. sh, sh ek hi akshar dvaara niroopit hain. tamil bhaasha ki ek vishisht (pratinidhi) dhvani ழ (devanaagari samakaksh- l, naya joda gaya) hai, jo swayam tamil shabd mein prayukt hai (தaaமaaிaaழaa் dhvanish: - tamil).
tamil mein vargon ke beech ke aksharon ki dhvaniyaaain bhi pratham akshar se niroopit ki jaati hain, parantu yeh pratichitran (mapping) kuchh niyamon ke adheen hai.
hindi-tamil lipyantaran
dekhein.
avatarit shabd
angreji ka shabd maingo (yaani aam) tamil bhaasha se avatarit hai. yeh baat halaanki apramaanit, par bahumaanya hai ki hindi tatha anya bhaarateeya bhaashaaon mein prayukt naarangi tatha angreji ke shabd ऒreinj ka mool bhi tamil hi hai.
sandarbh
- ↑ Department of Official Languages, Government of Srilanka
- ↑ Republic of Singapore Independence Act, s.7. Republic of Singapore
inhein bhi dekhein
baahari kadiyaaain
- tamil bhaasha (amar ujaala)
- Hindi - Hindi -tamil - English Dictionary (Google pustak; lekhak - aar rangaraajan)
- tamil-hindi vikipeediya shabdaavali
- tamil-hindi shabdakosh
- hindi-hindi-tamil shabdakosh
- hindi tamil shabdakosh (daaunalod karein)
- hindi-tamil saamaanya shabdakosh tatha bolachaal ke saamaanya vaakya (chennai nagar raajabhaasha kaaryaanyavan samiti)
- tamil evam sanskrut
- Welcome to O Book the "UyirppU" -It is a database in English on Tamil Heritage and the language. It is descriptive, illustrate, voice/video annotated. O Book (UyirppU) is targeted towards young Tamils living abroad away from their original homeland.
- Did Tamil originate from Sanskrit?