table tennis

table tennis ko ping pong bhi kaha jaata hai. table tennis ko kamron ke bheetar khelne ke liye banaaya gaya tha. sabse pehle table tennis ki shuruaat England mein hui. san 1922 mein England mein table tennis aisosiyeshan bana tatha pratham vishvapratiyogita London mein hui. ab yeh khel atyant lokapriya ho chuka hai aur sansaar ke 71 deshon mein khela jaata hai.

khel ke niyam table tennis ek samay mein do (ekal) ya chaar (yugal) khilaadiyon ke beech khela jaata hai. pratyek khilaadi ek balla (bait) leta hai tatha ek geind aavashyak hai. khel ka kshetr ek lakdi ki satah ka table hota hai. pairon mein rabar ke joote tatha rangeen kapde (kisi bhi gahre rang ke) pahanana anivaarya hai.

table ki lanbaai 9 foot, chaudaai 5 foot, satah ki motaai 1 inch (ya 3/4 inch bhi) tatha bhoomi se ooainchaai 2.5 foot hoti hai. lakdi ke alaava slet, kaaainch ya plastic ki satah ke table bhi banaae jaate hain. table ki satah par 12 foot oopar se seedhi giraai gayi geind ko tippa lekar 8 se 9 foot ke beech tak uchhalana chaahiye. table ke oopar bijli ke prakaash ka uchit prabandh rahata hai taaki raatri mein bhi khel ho sake.

table ke chaaron or 3/4 inch moti safed line (rekha) aur lanbaai mein beech se 1/8 inch chaudi rekha (keval yugal khel ke liye) bani rahati hai. table ke beech chaudaai mein aar paar, 6 inch ooaincha jaal tana rahata hai, jo table ki chaudaai ke baahar donon or chhah inch tak baahar nikla rahata hai.

sailyoolaaid ki gol safed geind, jiski paridhi 41/2 se 4 3/4 inch ke beech aur jiska bhaar 2.40 se 2.53 gram ke beech ho, khel ke liye chuni jaati hai.

mej

smaraneeya tathya mej ka aakaar aayataakaar lambaai 274 sainteemeetar chaudaai 152.5 sainteemeetar farsh se ooainchaai 76 jaal ki lambaai 183 khelne vaale tal se jaal ki ooainchaai 15.25 geind ki paridhi 37.2 mileemeetar se 38.2 mileemeetar geind ka vajn 2.40 gram se 2.53 gram tak geind jis cheej ka bana ho sailyoolaaid ya safed plastic ka mej aayataakaar hoti hai. iski lambaai 274 sainteemeetar tatha chaudaai 152.5 sainteemeetar hoti hai. iski oopari satah farsh se 76 sainteemeetar ooainchi hogi. mej kisi bhi padaarth se nirmit ho sakti hai, parantu uske dharaatal par 30.5 sainteemeetar ki ooainchaai se koi praamanik geind fainkane par ek saar tappa khaaegi jo 22 sainteemeetar se kam tatha 25 sainteemeetar se adhik ooaincha naheen hona chaahiye. mej ke oopar dharaatal ko kraada tal kehte hai. yeh gahre halke rang ka hoga. iske pratyek kinaare par 2 sainteemeetar chaudi shvet rekha hogi. 152. 25 sainteemeetar ke kinaare waali rekhaaeain ant rekhaaeain tatha 274 sainteemeetar kinaare ki rekhaaeain paarshv (side) rekhaaeain kahalaati hain. yugal khel mein mej ki satah 3 mileemeetar chaudi safed rekha dvaara do bhaagon mein vibhkt hoti hai jo side rekha ke samaantar tatha pratyek ke samaan doori par hoti hai. ise kendra rekha kehte hain.

jaal

jaal ki lambaai 183 sainteemeetar hoti hai. iska oopari bhaag kreeda- tal se 15.25 sainteemeetar ooaincha hota hai. yeh rassi dvaara 15.25 sainteemeetar 15.25 sainteemeetar se baahar ki or hoti hai.

geind

geind golaakaar hoti hai. yeh sailyoolaaid athva plastic ki safed peeli parantu pratibimbaheen hoti hai. iska vyaas 37.2 mileeleetar se kam tatha 38. 2 mileemeetar se adhik naheen hota. iska bhaar 2.40 gram se kam tatha 2.53 gram se adhik naheen hota.

racket

racket kisi bhi aakaar ya bhaar ka ho sakta hai. iska tal gahre rang ka hona chaahiye.

ekal khel mein service karne wala (sarvar) lagaataar paaainch sarvisein karta hai. chaahe usaka ank bane ya na bane. uske pashchaat service doosare khilaadi ko milti hai. is tarah usako bhi paaainch service karne ke baad service mein tabadeeli hoti hai.

racket, jaal, geind (table tennis) yugal khel mein sarvar service karta hai tatha riseevari achhi vaapisi karega. sarvar ka saathi fir badhiya vaapisi karega aur baari-baari pratyek khilaadi usi kram se badhiya vaapisi kareinge. utkrusht service

service mein geind ka sampark karta hua mukt haath khula, anguliyaaain judi hui tatha angootha mukt rahega aur kreeda - tal ke leval ke dvaara sarvara geind ko la kar hava mein is prakaar service shuroo karega ki geind har samay nirnaayak ko nazar aae. geind fir is prakaar prahaarit hogi ki sarvapratham sarvar ka sparsh karke seedhe jaal ke oopar ya aas-paas paar karti hui pun: prahaar ke kshetr ka sparsh kar le. khel mein geind pehle sarvar ya daayaan arddhak ya uske jaal ki or ki kendra rekha sparsh karke jaal ke aas-paas ya seedhe oopar se gujr kar prahaarak ke daayein arddhak ya uske jaal ki or kendra rekha ka sparsh kare. ushkrusht vaapasi

service ya nivrtan ki hui geind khilaadi dvaara is prakaar prahaarit ki jaaegi ki seedhe jaal ko paar karke ya chaaron or paar karke virodhi ke kshetr ko sparsh kar le. geind khel mein service mein haath dvaara aage ko badhaane ke kshan se geind khel mein maani jaaegi jab tak ki-

geind ek kshetr mein do baar sparsh naheen kar leti. vah kisi khilaadi ko ya uske vastr ko chhoo naheen leti. vah kisi khilaadi dvaara ek se adhik baar lagaataar prahaarit naheen ho jaati. service ko chhod kar vah pratyek kshetr ko raikat dvaara turant prahaarit hue bina ekaantar se sparsh naheen kar leti. bina tappa khaae aati hai. vah jaal tatha usaki tekon ko chhod kar kisi anya vastu se chhoo jaae. dokal khel ki service mein sarvar ya riseevar ki baayeen court ko chhoo le. yugal khel mein yadi team se baahar ke khilaadi ne prahaar kiya ho.

mej, table tennis lait

table tennis mein viraam ko lait kehte hai. nimn paristhiti mein lait hota hai-

achhi service hone par geind yadi jaal paar karte samay jaal ya usaki tekon ko chhoo jaati hai. jab service praaptakartta ya uske saathi ke taiyaar na hone ki avastha mein service kar di jaae. yadi kisi durghatana ke kaaran koi khilaadi achhi service ya return karne se rook jaata hai. yadi kisi truti ko door karne ke liye khel roka jaata hai. ank niyam 9 mein di gayi sthiti ko chhod kar koi bhi khilaadi ank kho dena. yadi vah achhi service karne mein asafal rahata hai. yadi vipkshiyon mein se kisi ek dvaara achhi service ya achhi return hone par vah achhi mein asafal ho jaae. yadi kisi khilaadi ya geind ke khel mein rahate hue kreeda tal ko hila de. yadi usaka mukt haath geind ke khel mein rahate hue kreeda tal ka sparsh kar le. yadi geind khel mein aane se poorv antarekha ya paarshv- rekha paar karti hui un ki or ki mej ke kreeda- tal ko sparsh naheen kar pai hai. yadi geint khel bina tappa khaae lautaata hai. dokal khel mein yadi vah uchit anukram ke bina geind ko prahaarit naheen karta. jab koi khilaadi service karta hai ya koi stroke maarta hai to usaki taraf se kheli gayi geind virodh taraf se thappa khaane ki bajaay seedhi uske raikat ko lagti hai to us avastha mein tekan hota hai to ank sarvar ya stroke maarane vaale ko milta hai.

parinaam

table tennis khelte khilaadi match athva khel us khilaadi ya jode dvaara jeeti hui maani jaaegi jo pehle 21 ank bana lega. yadi donon khilaadi/jode 20 ank bana lete hain to us vakt donon khilaadiyon ya jodon ka kramavaar ek-ek service karne ke liye suchet kiya jaata hai. jo khilaadi ya joda pehle do ank virodhi se adhik bana lega vah vijayi kahalaaega.

match match ek game, teen game, ya paaainch gemon ya seton ka hota hai. khel nirantar jaari rahega jab tak koi khilaadi ya yugal vishraam ke liye naheen kehta. yeh vishraam paaainch set vaale match mein teesari aur chauthi set ke beech paaainch minute se adhik naheen hoga. uttaravarti khelon mein vishraam ek minute se adhik naheen hoga.

disha aur service ka chunaav pratyek match mein disha ka chunaav tatha sarvar ya prahaarak banane ka adhikaar toss dvaara nishchit kiya jaaega. yadi toss jeetne wala paksh sarvar ya prahaarak ka adhikaar chunata hai to vipakshi ko disha chunane ka adhikaar hoga. yeh reeti vipreet kram mein bhi rahegi. toss jeetne wala yadi chaahe to vipakshi ko pratham chayan ka adhikaar de sakta hai.

yugal khel khel mein jis jode ko pehle service karne ka adhikaar hoga vah nishchit karega ki kis saathi ko aisa karna hai. isi prakaar match ke pratham khel mein vipakshi joda bhi yeh nishchit karega ki kis saathi khilaadi ne pehle service praapt karni hai. disha parivartan tatha service khel mein ek disha se praarambh karne wala khilaadi ya joda usase agale khel mein doosari or se praarambh karega. yeh kram match ke ant tak jaari rahega. match ke antim khel mein jo khilaadi ya joda pehle 10 falaankan bana lega vah disha parivartan kar sakta hai. ekal khel mein 5 ank ke pashchaat riseevar sarvar ban jaaega aur sarvar riseevar aur yahi kram match ke ant tak jaari rahega.

aar ke khanna stadium yugal khel mein pehli paaainch service us ke chune hue saathi dvaara hogi jinhein nirnaya ka adhikaar tha tatha vipakshi jode ke chune hue saathi dvaara praapt ki jaaegi. doosari paaainch service pratham paaainch service praapt karne wala prahaar karega tatha pratham paaainch service karne wala sarvar unhein praapt karega. teesari paaainch service pratham paaainch service karne vaale sarvar ka saathi karega tatha pratham paaainch service praapt karne vaale prahaarak ka saathi unhein praapt karega. chauthi paaainch service pratham paaainch service karne vaale prahaarak ka saathi karega tatha pratham paaainch service karne wala sarvar unhein praapt karega. paaainchavi paaainch service pratham paaainch service ke samaan sankramit hogi. khel isi kram mein jaari rahega jab tak khel samaapt naheen ho jaata.

falaankan ke 20 aal hone par ya khel ke ekaspidaait paddhati ke antargat khele jaane par service aur prahaar karne ka kram vahi rahega, kintu khel ke ant tak pratyek khilaadi baari-baari se keval ek service karega. jo khilaadi ya joda pehle khel mein service karega vah usase agale khel mein service praapt karega.

yugal match ke antim khel mein 10 falaankan par jode disha parivartan kar leinge. is tarah ekal mein bhi antim geind mein das ank khelne ke baad disha badli jaati hai.

disha mein service ki kramaheenata

table tennis khelte khilaadi yadi koi khilaadi samay par disha parivartan naheen karte ve truti gyaat hote hi dishaaeain badaleinge, jab tak ki truti ke baad khel samaapt na ho chuka ho, tab truti ki upeksha kar di jaaegi. kisi bhi paristhiti mein truti gyaat hone se poorv ke sab banaae hue ank maane jaaeainge.

yadi koi khilaadi apni baari ke bina service karta hai to truti gyaat hote hi khel rok diya jaaega aur khel us khilaadi ki service ya praapti dvaara pun: jaari kiya jaaega, jise khel ke praarambhik kram ke anusaar karni chaahiye thi ya falaankan ke 10 par pahuainchane par yadi niyam 14 ke antargat us kram mein parivartan ho gaya ho to usi kram ke anusaar use service karni ya praapt karni chaahiye. kisi bhi paristhiti mein truti gyaat hone ke poorv ke sab banaaye hue ank maane jaaeainge.