svitjralaind
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Swiss sangh
Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
Conféadéaration suisse Confederazione Svizzera Confederaziun svizra Confoederatio Helvetica |
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raashtravaakya: (gair aadhikaarik) "Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno" (latin) angreji: One for all, all for one jarman : Einer füaar alle, alle füaar einen fraanseesi: Un pour tous, tous pour un itaalavi : Uno per tutti, tutti per uno saaaincha:Lang-rm |
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raashtragaan: "Schweizerpsalm" (German) "Swiss Psalm" |
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![स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड की स्थिति (गहरा हरा)यूरोपीय महाद्वीप पर (गहरा भूरा) — [Legend]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Europe-Switzerland.svg/250px-Europe-Switzerland.svg.png)
svitjralaind ki sthiti (gahra hara)
Europeeya mahaadveep par (gahra bhoora) — [Legend] |
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| rajdhani |
barn 46°a57′aN 7°a27′aE / 46.95°aN 7.45°aE |
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| sabse bada nagar | jyoorich | |||||
| raajabhaasha(eain) |
jarman, fraansisi, itaalavi, romance |
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| nivaasi | Swiss | |||||
| sarkaar | sangheeya raajya sansadeeya vyavastha aur seedha lokatantr ke saath | |||||
| - | sangheeya parishad | Moritz luenabargar (VP 10) Micheline Calmy-Rey haans-roodolf marj doris luthard (adhyaksh 10) ivaalin vidmar-svemf uli myoorar dediyr burkhaaltar |
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| - | sangheeya chaansalar | korina kaasaanova | ||||
| vidhaan mandal | sangheeya sansad | |||||
| - | uchch sadan | raajya parishad | ||||
| - | nimn sadan | raashtreeya parishad | ||||
| svatantrata | ||||||
| - | sthaapana diwas | 1 August 1291 | ||||
| - | vaastavik | 22 September 1499 | ||||
| - | maanyata | 24 October 1648 | ||||
| - | punargathan | 7 August 1815 | ||||
| - | sangheeya raajya | 12 September 1848 | ||||
| kshetrafal | ||||||
| - | kul | 41,284 varg kilometer (136 vaan) 15,940 varg meal |
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| - | jal (%) | 4.2 | ||||
| janasankhya | ||||||
| - | 2009 janaganana | 7,771,600 (94 vaan) | ||||
| - | 2007 janaganana | 7,593,500 | ||||
| sakal ghareloo utpaad (PPP) | 2008 praakkalan | |||||
| - | kul | $315.768 kharab (38 vaan) | ||||
| - | prati vyakti | $43,195 (7 vaan) | ||||
| maanav vikaas soochakaank (2013) |
 0.917[1]bahut uchch · teesara |
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| mudra | Swiss fraank (CHF) | |||||
| samay mandal | keindreeya Europeeya samay (yoo॰atee॰asee॰+1) | |||||
| - | greeshmakaaleen (di॰ba॰asa॰) | keindreeya Europeeya greeshm samay (yoo॰atee॰asee॰+2) | ||||
| yaataayaat chaalan disha | right | |||||
| doorabhaash koot | +41 | |||||
| Internet teeeladi | .ch | |||||
Switzerland (jarman: (die) Schweiz (di) shvaaits, fraansisi: (la) Suisse (la) suis, laatini: Helvetia helvetiya) madhya Europe ka ek desh hai. iski 60 % sarajmeen ailps pahaadon se dhaki hui hai, so is desh mein bahut hi khoobasoorat parvat, gaaainv, sarovar (jheel) aur chaaraagaah hain. Swiss logon ka jeevanastar duniya mein sabse ooainche jeevanastaron mein se ek hai. Swiss ghadiyaaain, cheej, chaukalet, bahut mashahoor hain.
is desh ki teen raajabhaashaaeain hain : jarman (uttari aur madhya bhaag ki mukhya bhaasha), fraansisi (pashchimi bhaag) aur itaalavi (dakshini bhaag) aur ek sah-raajabhaasha hai : romaansh (poorvi bhaag). iske praant kaintan kahe jaate hain. svitsralaind ek lokatantr hai jahaaain aaj bhi pratyaksh lokatantr dekhne ko mil sakta hai. yahaaain kai Bollywood film ke gaanon ki shooting hoti hai. lagbhag 20 % Swiss log videshi mool ke hain. iske mukhya shahar aur paryatak sthal hain : jyoorikh, janeeva, barn (rajdhani), baasal, intaralaaken, lojaan, lootsarn, ityaadi.
yahaaain ek taraf barf ke sundar gleshiyr hain. ye gleshiyr saal mein aath maheene barf ki sundar chaadar se thake rahate hain. to vaheeain doosari taraf sundar vaadiyaaain hain jo sundar foolon aur rangeen pattiyon vaale pedon se dhakeen rahati hain. bhaarateeya nirdeshak yash Chopra ki filmon mein is khoobsoorat desh ke kai nayanaabhiraam drushya dekhne ko milte hain.
anukram
itihaas
la taan sabhyata isaapoorv 450 ke samay rahi hogi. isa ke 15 saal pehle yeh roman saamraajya ka ang ban gaya. chauthi sadi mein yeh bijentaain saamraajya se svatantr ho gaya aur kai praacheen saamraajyon ke beech bainta raha.
san 1798 mein France ke adheen mein aane ke baad nepoliyn ne yahaaain par France ka samvidhaan laagoo kiya. baad mein ise hata liya gaya. donon vishvayuddhon mein se kisi mein bhi svitjralaint par koi khaas aakraman naheen hua. pratham vishvayuddh mein 1917 tak lenin yaheen rahe the.
bhoogol
dakshin tatha dakshin-poorv mein aalps parvat shreniya hain. desh mein kai jheele hai - jeneva jheel ka naam inmein pramukh hai. iske uttar poorv mein Germany, pashchim mein France, dakshin mein Italy aur poorv mein aastriya sthit hai.
prashaasan
yeh pratyaksh lokatantr ka ekamaatr udaaharan hai.
janavrutt
desh ke uttar mein jarman (63.6%), pashchim mein fraansisi (20.4%), dakshin mein itaalavi tatha romance mool ke log rahate hain.
khaas aakarshan -
intaralekan ost ko bauleevul ki pasandeeda jagah kaha jaata hai. yahaaain par dilvaale dulhaniyaaain le jaaenge se lekar dhaai akshar prem ke, judaai, hero jaisi filmein filmaain gain hain. praakrutik sundarata se bharpoor is shahar mein aap Switzerland ke itihaas aur vartamaan donon se mulaakaat kar sakte hain.
yadi aapke paas thoda sa vakt aur hausala ho to sooryodaya ke samay yahaaain ki pahaadiyon par chahalakadami karna behad sukhad lagta hai. yadi paidal naheen ja sakte to yahaaain se ek train seedhi pahaadi ke oopar jaati hai. bina chooke usaka ticket le leejiye. aur pahaadi ke oopar se sundar Switzerland ka najaara leejiye.
jangafroj- samudra tal se 4158 meter ooainchaai par bana yeh Europe ki sabse ooainchi parvat shrankhala hai. isi ke saath-saath yahaaain Europe ka sabse ooaincha railway station bhi hai. intaralekan station se yahaaain ke liye train milti hai. is train se apna safar shuroo kar khoobsoorat Switzerland ko apni aaainkhon mein kaid karte hue aap jangafroj pahuainch jaaengein. barf ke pahaadon ko kaatati hui oopar jaati is train se aap nayanaabhiraam drushya dekh aur apne camere mein kaid kar sakte hain. garmi ke mausam mein yahaaain aais skeeng ka luft uthaaya ja sakta hai. yahaaain ki barf par padti sooraj ki tirchhi kirnon ki aabha dekhne ka aanand hi kuchh aur hai.
jangafroj mein Bollywood ki itni filmein filmaain gain hain ki yahaaain bauleebud restraan hi bana diya gaya hai. yeh restraan 15 April se 15 September ke madhya khulata hai. iske alaava aais pailes bhi jangafroj ka khaas aakarshan hai.
shilthaurn gleshiyr - jangafroj ke alaava shilthaurn gleshiyr ka raasta bhi intaralekan ost se hokar jaata hai. ise vishv ke sabse khoobrusoorat barf ke pahaadon mein shumaar kiya jaata hai. yahaaain paain gloriya naamak raaid se aap poore gleshiyr ka paironaamik vyoo le sakte hain. yahaaain bhavya restaurant ki shrrunkhala hai. in padaavon par rukakar aap shilthaurn ki khoobsoorti apni aaainkhon mein kaid kar sakte hain.
titlis parvat shrrunkhala- vaadiyon ke is desh ka agala padaav hai titlis parvat shrrunkhala. yahaaain aap kebal car ke jire poore titlis gleshiyr ka khoobsoorti ko nihaar sakte hain. kebal car ke safar mein aap Switzerland se hi Germany ke black faarest ke najaare bhi dekh sakte hain. isi ke saath yahaaain ke glaishiyr park mein ghoomta mat bhooliyega. is park mein aais se judi kai fan paikd raaids hain. jinka romaanch alag maja deta hai. yeh park May se October ke madhya khula hota hai.
gleshiyr groto- yadi aap Switzerland jaaeain to gleshiyr groto ko nihaarana mat bhooliyega. yahaaain barf mein bani sundar gufaaeain hain. in gufaaon ki barf ki deevaaron par 8,450 lempas jagamagaate hain. yahaaain “ahaul of fema” bhi hai. jismein Switzerland aae pramukh hastiyo ke foton lage hain. yahaaain “ karishma Kapoor, Virendra Sehwag se lekar kai bhaarateeya hastiyon ke photo paaramparik svij poshaak mein lage hue hain.”
maitarahaarn- praakrutik sundarata ke alaava yadi aap romaanchak khelon ke shaukeen hain to maitarahaarn jaana mat bhooliyega. yadi aap khataron ke khilaadi hain aur behad najadeek se gleshiyron ka najaara dekhna chaahate hain to yahaaain ke maitarahaarn klaainbars club ki sadasyata aapka intajaar kar rahi hai. yaheen par Europe ka sabse bada aais skeeng jon bhi hai.
groranaragret- fir groranaragret jise alpaain ka svarg kehte hain ki khoobsoorti jaroor nihaariye. sardiyon mein barf se dhake rahane wala yeh gleshiyr garmiyon mein foolon ki ghaati mein badal jaata hai. myoojik lavars ke liye rigi folakarole ka safar behad yaadagaar rahega. har July mein yahaaain svij sarkaar myoojik play karavaati hai. jismein saat ghante tak lagaataar live kaansart hote hain.
rigi kulam- yeh gleshiyr neeli syaahi jaisi jheelon ke liye prasidd hai. yahaaain tak aap lyoojarain shahar se bye bot, bye car, bye kebal car jaisa aap chaahe pahuainch sakte hain. pahuainchane ke baad steem train mein safar karna na bhoole. belly Europe sailoon rel car naamak yeh train aapko pachaas ke dashak ke raajasi vaibhav ka ehsaas karaaegi. yahaaain ka enteek mahogani furniture, braanj vark, red kaarapet aur background myoojik aapko doosari duniya mein le jaaenge.
kab jaaeain -
yooain to Switzerland behad khoobsoorat desh hain. kudarat har mausam mein yahaaain alag rang dikhaati hai. lekin yadi aap yahaaain jaana chaahate hain to thand ke mausam mein na jaaen. is mausam mein aap khoobsoorti ki sahi chhata naheen dekh paaeainge. khaas taur par aapka aais skeeng ka luft uthaane ka sapana adhoora rah jaaega.
Switzerland ki sair karte hue aap jitne prayog karein utana achha hoga. kaheen aap kebal car se jaaie. kaheen bot, kaheen train to kaheen car se. yahaaain kiraae par suvidhaajanak kaarein aasaani se upalabdh ho jaati hain. har jagah alag-alag saadhan apnaane se aap dharati ke is svarg ko behad kareeb se iske har dilkash roop mein nihaar paaengein.
Switzerland ke baare mein sabse khaas baat yeh hai ki jitni khoobsoorti ise prakruti ne bakhshi hai utana hi dhyaan yahaan ki sarkaar bhi rakhati hai. yahaaain ke oonche-oonche gleshiyron par tooriston se judi har sukh-suvidha hai. yahaaain ke shahar chaahe vah jyoorich ho, lyoojaren ho ya fir intaralekan har jagah sarvasuvidha yukt tourist center bane hain. jahaaain se aap toors se sambandhit saari jaankaari haasil kar sakte hain. toors book kar sakte hain.
- ↑ "2014 Human Development Report". 14 March 2013. pp. 21–25. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf. abhigman tithi: 27 July 2014.