sushrut

sushrut
patanyaali yogapeeth, haridvaar mein sushrut ki moorti
janm	800 E.poo. Bhaarat
vyavasaaya	chikitsa
prasiddhi kaaran	aayurved, shalya kriya
poorvaadhikaari	dhanvantari
uttaraadhikaari	charak
dhaarmik maanyata	hindu dharm

sushrut praacheen Bhaarat ke mahaan chikitsaashaastri evam shalyachikitsak the. unako shalya chikitsa ka janak kaha jaata hai.

shalya chikitsa (Surgery) ke pitaamah aur 'sushrut sanhita' ke praneta aachaarya sushrut ka janm chhathi shataabdi isa poorv mein kaashi mein hua tha. inhonne dhanvantari se shiksha praapt ki. sushrut sanhita ko bhaarateeya chikitsa paddhati mein vishesh sthaan praapt hai.

sushrut sanhita mein sushrut ko vishvaamitr ka putr kaha hai. 'vishvaamitr' se kaun se vishvaamitr abhipret hain, yeh spasht naheen. sushrut ne kaasheepati divodaas se shalyatantr ka upadesh praapt kiya tha. kaasheepati divodaas ka samay isa poorv ki doosari ya teesari shati sambhaavit hai. sushrut ke sahapaathi aupadhenav, vaitarani aadi anek chhaatr the. sushrut ka naam naavaneetak mein bhi aata hai. ashtaangasangrah mein sushrut ka jo mat uddhrut kiya gaya hai; vah mat sushrut sanhita mein naheen milta; isse anumaan hota hai ki sushrut sanhita ke sivaaya doosari bhi koi sanhita sushrut ke naam se prasiddh thi.

sushrut ke naam par aayurved bhi prasiddh hain. yeh sushrut raajarshi shaalihotr ke putr kahe jaate hain (shaalihotren gargen sushruten ch bhaashitm - siddhopadeshasangrah). sushrut ke uttaratantr ko doosare ka banaaya maankar kuchh log pratham bhaag ko sushrut ke naam se kehte hain; jo vichaaraneeya hai. vaastav mein sushrut sanhita ek hi vyakti ki rachana hai.

sushrut sanhita mein shalya chikitsa ke vibhinn pahaluon ko vistaar se samajhaaya gaya hai. shalya kriya ke liye sushrut 125 tarah ke upakaranon ka prayog karte the. ye upakaran shalya kriya ki jatilta ko dekhte hue khoje gaye the. in upakaranon mein vishesh prakaar ke chaakoo, suiyaan, chimtiyaan aadi hain. sushrut ne 300 prakaar ki operation prakriyaaon ki khoj ki. sushrut ne cosmetic surgery mein vishesh nipunata haasil kar li thi. sushrut netr shalya chikitsa bhi karte the. sushrutasanhita mein motiyaabind ke opareshan karne ki vidhi ko vistaar se bataaya gaya hai. unhein shalya kriya dvaara prasav karaane ka bhi gyaan tha. sushrut ko tooti hui haddiyon ka pata lagaane aur unako jodaऩae mein visheshajnyaata praapt thi. shalya kriya ke dauraan hone vaale dard ko kam karne ke liye ve madyapaan ya vishesh aushadhiyaan dete the. madya sanjnyaaaharan ka kaarya karta tha. isliye sushrut ko sanjnyaaaharan ka pitaamah bhi kaha jaata hai. iske atirikt sushrut ko madhumeh va motaape ke rog ki bhi vishesh jaankaari thi. sushrut shreshth shalya chikitsak hone ke saath-saath shreshth shikshak bhi the. unhonne apne shishyon ko shalya chikitsa ke siddhaant bataaye aur shalya kriya ka abhyaas karaaya. praarambhik avastha mein shalya kriya ke abhyaas ke liye falon, sabjiyon aur mom ke putalon ka upayog karte the. maanav shaareer ki androoni rachana ko samajhaane ke liye sushrut shav ke oopar shalya kriya karke apne shishyon ko samajhaate the. sushrut ne shalya chikitsa mein adbhut kaushal arjit kiya tatha iska gyaan anya logon ko karaaya. inhonne shalya chikitsa ke saath-saath aayurved ke anya pakshon jaise shareer saranchana, kaaya chikitsa, baal rog, stri rog, manorog aadi ki jaankaari bhi di.

• sushrut sanhita