subhaash chandr Bose

subhaashachandr Bose
subhaashachandr Bose ka portet unke hastaakshar sahit
janm	23 January 1897 Cuttack, Bengal preseedeinsi ka udeesa diveejan, british raaj
mrutyu	18 August 1945[1]
raashtreeyata	bhaarateeya
shiksha	bee0e0 (aanars)
vidyaalaya	Calcutta vishvavidyaalaya
prasiddhi kaaran	bhaarateeya svatantrata sangraam ke agrani senaani
upaadhi	adhyaksh bhaarateeya raashtreeya Congress (1938) Supreme kamaandar aajaad hind fauj
raajaneetik party	bhaarateeya raashtreeya Congress 1921–1940, forward block 1939–1940
dharm	hindu
jeevanasaathi	emili sheinkal (1937 mein vivaah kintu janta ko 1993 mein pata chala)
santaan	anita Bose faaf
rishtedaar	sharatachandr Bose bhaai shishir Kumar Bose bhateeja
hastaakshar

subhaash chandr Bose (baangla: সaaুaaভaaাaaষ চaaনaa্aaদaa্aaর বaaসaaু uchchaaran: shubhaash chaundro boshu, janm: 23 January 1897, mrutyu: 18 August 1945) jo neta ji ke naam se bhi jaane jaate hain, Bhaarat ke svatantrata sangraam ke agrani neta the. dviteeya vishvayuddh ke dauraan, angrejon ke khilaaf ladne ke liye, unhonne Japan ke sahayog se aajaad hind fauj ka gathan kiya tha. unke dvaara diya gaya jaya hind ka naara Bhaarat ka raashtreeya naara ban gaya hai. "tum mujhe khoon do main tumhe aajaadi doonga" ka naara bhi unka us samay atyadhik prachalan mein aaya.^[2]

kuchh itihaasakaaron ka maanana hai ki jab neta ji ne Japan aur Germany se madad lene ki koshish ki thi to british sarkaar ne apne gupatacharon ko 1941 mein unhein khtm karne ka aadesh diya tha.^[3]

neta ji ne 5 July 1943 ko Singapore ke taaun haal ke saamane 'Supreme kamaandar' ke roop mein sena ko sambodhit karte hue "Delhi chalo!" ka naara diya aur Japani sena ke saath milkar british va kaamanavelth sena se barma sahit imfaal aur kohima mein ek saath jamkar morcha liya.

21 October 1943 ko subhaash Bose ne aajaad hind fauj ke sarvochch senaapati ki haisiyat se svatantr Bhaarat ki asthaayi sarkaar banaayi jise Germany, Japan, fileepeens, Korea, cheen, Italy, maanchuko aur Ireland ne maanyata di. Japan ne andamaan va nikobaar dweep is asthaayi sarkaar ko de diye. subhaash un dveepon mein gaye aur unka naya naamakaran kiya.

1944 ko aajaad hind fauj ne angrejon par dobaara aakraman kiya aur kuchh bhaarateeya pradeshon ko angrejon se mukt bhi kara liya. kohima ka yuddh 4 April 1944 se 22 June 1944 tak lada gaya ek bhayankar yuddh tha. is yuddh mein Japani sena ko peechhe hatna pada tha aur yahi ek mahatvapoorn mod siddh hua.

6 July 1944 ko unhonne rangoon radio station se mahaatma Gandhi ke naam ek prasaaran jaari kiya jismein unhonne is nirnaayak yuddh mein vijay ke liye unka aasheervaad aur shubhakaamanaayein maaaingeen.^[4]

netaaji ki mrutyu ko lekar aaj bhi vivaad hai. jahaaain Japan mein prativrsh 18 August ko unka janm din dhoomadhaam se manaaya jaata hai vaheen Bhaarat mein rahane vaale unke parivaar ke logon ka aaj bhi yeh maanana hai ki subhaash ki maut 1945 mein naheen hui. ve uske baad roos mein najraband the. yadi aisa naheen hai to Bhaarat sarkaar ne unki mrutyu se sambandhit dastaavej ab tak saarvajanik kyon naheen kiye?^[5]

16 January 2014 (guruvaar) ko Calcutta haai court ne netaaji ke laapata hone ke rahasya se jude khufiya dastaavejon ko saarvajanik karne ki maaaing waali janahit yaachika par sunavaai ke liye special bench ke gathan ka aadesh diya.^[6]

subhaash ke pita jaanakeenaath Bose ka san 1905 ka chitr vikimeediya kaumans se

netaaji subhaashachandr Bose ka janm 23 January san 1897 ko Orissa ke Cuttack shahar mein hua tha. unke pita ka naam jaanakeenaath Bose aur maaain ka naam prabhaavati tha. jaanakeenaath Bose Cuttack shahar ke mashahoor vakeel the. pehle ve sarkaari vakeel the magar baad mein unhonne niji practice shuroo kar di thi. unhonne Cuttack ki mahaapaalika mein lambe samay tak kaam kiya tha aur ve Bengal vidhaanasabha ke sadasya bhi rahe the. angrej sarkaar ne unhein raayabahaadur ka khitaab diya tha. prabhaavati devi ke pita ka naam gangaanaaraayan datt tha. datt parivaar ko Kolkata ka ek kuleen parivaar maana jaata tha. prabhaavati aur jaanakeenaath Bose ki kul milaakar 14 santaanein thi jismein 6 betiyaaain aur 8 bete the. subhaash unki nauveen santaan aur paaainchavein bete the. apne sabhi bhaaiyon mein se subhaash ko sabse adhik lagaav sharad chandr se tha. sharadabaaboo prabhaavati aur jaanakeenaath ke doosare bete the. subhaash unhein mejada kehte thein. sharadabaaboo ki patni ka naam vibhaavati tha.

subhaash ka un dinon ka chitr jab ve san 1920 mein inglaind aaiseees karne gaye hue the

Cuttack ke protestent yooropiyn school se primary shiksha poorn kar 1909 mein unhonne revenasha kaulejiyet school mein daakhila liya. college ke prinsipl beneemaadhav das ke vyaktitv ka subhaash ke man par achha prabhaav pada. maatr pandrah varsh ki aayu mein subhaash ne vivekaanand saahitya ka poorn adhyayan kar liya tha. 1915 mein unhonne intarameediyet ki pareeksha beemaar hone ke baavajood dviteeya shreni mein utteern ki. 1916 mein jab ve darshanashaastr (onars) mein beee ke chhaatr the kisi baat par preseedeinsi college ke adhyaapakon aur chhaatron ke beech jhagada ho gaya subhaash ne chhaatron ka netrutv samhaala jiske kaaran unhein preseedeinsi college se ek saal ke liye nikaal diya gaya aur pareeksha dene par pratibndh bhi laga diya. 49veen Bengal rejeement mein bharti ke liye unhonne pareeksha di kintu aaainkhein kharaab hone ke kaaran unhein sena ke liye ayogya ghoshit kar diya gaya. kisi prakaar skautish church college mein unhonne pravesh to le liya kintu man sena mein hi jaane ko kah raha tha. khaali samay ka upayog karne ke liye unhonne tereetoriyl army ki pareeksha di aur fort William senaalaya mein raingaroot ke roop mein pravesh pa gaye. fir khyaal aaya ki kaheen intarameediyet ki tarah beee mein bhi kam number na aa jaayein subhaash ne khoob man lagaakar padhaai ki aur 1919 mein beee (onars) ki pareeksha pratham shreni mein utteern ki. Calcutta vishvavidyaalaya mein unka doosra sthaan tha.

pita ki ichha thi ki subhaash aaiseees banein kintu unki aayu ko dekhte hue keval ek hi baar mein yeh pareeksha paas karni thi. unhonne pita se chaubees ghante ka samay yeh sochane ke liye maaainga taaki ve pareeksha dene ya na dene par koi antim nirnaya le sakein. saari raat isi asamanjas mein vah jaagate rahe ki kya kiya jaaye. aakhir unhonne pareeksha dene ka faisala kiya aur 15 sitmbar 1919 ko inglaind chale gaye. pareeksha ki taiyaari ke liye landan ke kisi school mein daakhila na milne par subhaash ne kisi tarah kits William haal mein maanasik evam naitik vigyaan ki traaipaas (onars) ki pareeksha ka adhyayan karne hetu unhein pravesh mil gaya. isse unke rahane va khaane ki samasya hal ho gayi. haal mein edameeshan lena to bahaana tha asli maksad to aaiseees mein paas hokar dikhaana tha. so unhonne 1920 mein vareeyata soochi mein chautha sthaan praapt karte hue paas kar li.

iske baad subhaash ne apne bade bhaai sharatachandr Bose ko patra^[7] likhkar unki rai jaanani chaahi ki unke dilo-dimaag par to svaami vivekaanand aur maharshi aravind ghosh ke aadarshon ne kabja kar rakkha hai aise mein aaiseees bankar vah angrejon ki gulaami kaise kar paayeinge? 22 April 1921 ko Bhaarat sachiv i0esa0 maantegyoo ko aaiseees se tyaagapatr dene ka patra likha. ek patra deshavandhu chittaranjan das ko likha. kintu apni maaain prabhaavati ka yeh patra milte hi ki "pita, parivaar ke log ya anya koi kuchh bhi kahe unhein apne bete ke is faisale par garv hai." subhaash June 1921 mein maanasik evam naitik vigyaan mein traaipaas (onars) ki degree ke saath svadesh vaapas laut aaye.

Kolkata ke svatantrata senaani deshabandhu chittaranjan das ke kaarya se prerit hokar subhaash daasabaaboo ke saath kaam karna chaahate the. England se unhonne daasabaaboo ko khat likhkar unke saath kaam karne ki ichha prakat ki. raveendranaath thaakur ki salaah ke anusaar Bhaarat vaapas aane par ve sarvapratham mumbai gaye aur mahaatma Gandhi se mile. mumbai mein gaandheeji manibhvan mein nivaas karte the. vahaaain 20 July 1921 ko gaandhi aur subhaash ke beech pehli mulaakaat hui. gaandheeji ne unhein Kolkata jaakar daasabaaboo ke saath kaam karne ki salaah di. iske baad subhaash Kolkata aakar daasabaaboo se mile.

un dinon gaandhi ne angrej sarkaar ke khilaaf asahayog aandolan chala rakkha tha. daasabaaboo is aandolan ka Bengal mein netrutv kar rahe the. unke saath subhaash is aandolan mein sahabhaagi ho gaye. 1922 mein daasabaaboo ne Congress ke antargat Swaraj party ki sthaapana ki. vidhaanasabha ke andar se angrej sarkaar ka virodh karne ke liye Kolkata mahaapaalika ka chunaav Swaraj party ne ladkar jeeta aur daasabaaboo Kolkata ke mahaapaur ban gaye. unhonne subhaash ko mahaapaalika ka pramukh kaaryakaari adhikaari banaaya. subhaash ne apne kaaryakaal mein Kolkata mahaapaalika ka poora dhaaaincha aur kaam karne ka tareeka hi badal daala. Kolkata mein sabhi raaston ke angreji naam badalkar unhein bhaarateeya naam diye gaye. svatantrata sangraam mein praan nyauchhaavar karne vaalon ke parivaarajanon ko mahaapaalika mein naukri milne lagi.

bahut jald hi subhaash desh ke ek mahatvapoorn yuva neta ban gaye. javaaharalaal Nehru ke saath subhaashane Congress ke antargat yuvakon ki indipendeins league shuroo ki. 1928 mein jab Simon commission Bhaarat aaya tab Congress ne use kaale jhande dikhaaye. Kolkata mein subhaash ne is aandolan ka netrutv kiya. Simon commission ko javaab dene ke liye Congress ne Bhaarat ka bhaavi samvidhaan banaane ka kaam aath sadasyeeya aayog ko saunpa. Motilal Nehru is aayog ke adhyaksh aur subhaash uske ek sadasya the. is aayog ne Nehru report pesh ki. 1928 mein Congress ka vaarshik adhiveshan Motilal Nehru ki adhyakshata mein Kolkata mein hua. is adhiveshan mein subhaash ne khaaki ganavesh dhaaran karke Motilal Nehru ko sainya tareeke se salaami di. gaandheeji un dinon poorn svaraajya ki maaaing se sahamat naheen the. is adhiveshan mein unhonne angrej sarkaar se dominiyn status maaaingane ki thaan li thi. lekin subhaashabaaboo aur javaaharalaal Nehru ko poorn Swaraj ki maaaing se peechhe hatna manjoor naheen tha. ant mein yeh tay kiya gaya ki angrej sarkaar ko dominiyn status dene ke liye ek saal ka vakt diya jaaye. agar ek saal mein angrej sarkaar ne yeh maaaing poori naheen ki to Congress poorn Swaraj ki maaaing karegi. parantu angrej sarkaar ne yeh maaaing poori naheen ki. isaliye 1930 mein jab Congress ka vaarshik adhiveshan javaaharalaal Nehru ki adhyakshata mein Lahore mein hua tab aisa tay kiya gaya ki 26 January ka din svatantrata diwas ke roop mein manaaya jaayega.

26 January 1931 ko Kolkata mein raashtra dhvaj faharaakar subhaash ek vishaal morche ka netrutv kar rahe the tabhi police ne un par laathi chalaayi aur unhein ghaayal kar jail bhej diya. jab subhaash jail mein the tab gaandheeji ne angrej sarkaar se samjhauta kiya aur sab kaidiyon ko riha karva diya. lekin angrej sarkaar ne bhagat Singh jaise kraantikaariyon ko riha karne se saaf inkaar kar diya. bhagat Singh ki faaainsi maaf karaane ke liye gaandhi ne sarkaar se baat to ki parantu narami ke saath. subhaash chaahate the ki is vishay par gaandheeji angrej sarkaar ke saath kiya gaya samjhauta tod dein. lekin gaandhi apni or se diya gaya vachan todne ko raaji naheen the. angrej sarkaar apne sthaan par adi rahi aur bhagat Singh va unke saathiyon ko faaainsi de di gayi. bhagat Singh ko na bacha paane par subhaash gaandhi aur Congress ke tarikon se bahut naaraaj ho gaye.

1939 mein subhaashachandr Bose ka akhil bhaarateeya Congress kameeti ki baithak mein aagaman saujanya: toni mitr

apne saarvajanik jeevan mein subhaash ko kul 11 baar kaaraavaas hua. sabse pehle unhein 16 July 1921 mein chhah maheene ka kaaraavaas hua.

1925 mein gopeenaath saaha naamak ek kraantikaari Kolkata ke police adheekshak chaarlas tegaart ko maarana chaahata tha. usane galati se arnest de naamak ek vyaapaari ko maar daala. iske liye use faaainsi ki saja di gayi. gopeenaath ko faaainsi hone ke baad subhaash foot foot kar roye. unhonne gopeenaath ka shav maaaingakar usaka antim sanskaar kiya. isse angrej sarkaar ne yeh nishkarsh nikaala ki subhaash jvalant kraantikaariyon se na keval sambandh hi rakhate hain apitu ve unhein utprerit bhi karte hain. isi bahaane angrej sarkaar ne subhaash ko girftaar kiya aur bina koi mukadama chalaaye unhein anishchit kaal ke liye myaaainmaar ke maandale kaaraagruh mein bandi banaakar bhej diya.

5 November 1925 ko deshabandhu chittaranjan das Kolkata mein chal base. subhaash ne unki mrutyu ki khabar maandale kaaraagruh mein radio par suni. maandale kaaraagruh mein rahate samay subhaash ki tabiyat bahut kharaab ho gayi. unhein tapedik ho gaya. parantu angrej sarkaar ne fir bhi unhein riha karne se inkaar kar diya. sarkaar ne unhein riha karne ke liye yeh shart rakhi ki ve ilaaj ke liye Europe chale jaayein. lekin sarkaar ne yeh spasht naheen kiya ki ilaaj ke baad ve Bhaarat kab laut sakte hain. isliye subhaash ne yeh shart sveekaar naheen ki. aakhir mein paristhiti itni kathin ho gayi ki jail adhikaariyon ko yeh lagne laga ki shaayad ve kaaraavaas mein hi na mar jaayein. angrej sarkaar yeh khatra bhi naheen uthaana chaahati thi ki subhaash ki kaaraagruh mein mrutyoo ho jaaye. isaliye sarkaar ne unhein riha kar diya. uske baad subhaash ilaaj ke liye dalahauji chale gaye.

1930 mein subhaash kaaraavaas mein hi the ki chunaav mein unhein Kolkata ka mahaapaur chuna gaya. isliye sarkaar unhein riha karne par majaboor ho gayi. 1932 mein subhaash ko fir se kaaraavaas hua. is baar unhein almoda jail mein rakha gaya. almoda jail mein unki tabiyat fir se kharaab ho gayi. chikitsakon ki salaah par subhaash is baar ilaaj ke liye Europe jaane ko raaji ho gaye.

san 1933 se lekar 1936 tak subhaash Europe mein rahe. Europe mein subhaash ne apni sehat ka khyaal rakhate hue apna kaarya badastoor jaari rakha. vahaaain ve Italy ke neta musolini se mile, jinhonne unhein Bhaarat ke svatantrata sangraam mein sahaayata karne ka vachan diya. Ireland ke neta di valera subhaash ke achhe dost ban gaye. jin dinon subhaash Europe mein the unheen dinon javaaharalaal Nehru ki patni kamala Nehru ka ostriya mein nidhan ho gaya. subhaash ne vahaaain jaakar javaaharalaal Nehru ko saantvana di.

baad mein subhaash Europe mein viththal bhaai Patel se mile. viththal bhaai Patel ke saath subhaash ne mantrana ki jise Patel-Bose vishleshan ke naam se prasiddhi mili. is vishleshan mein un donon ne gaandhi ke netrutv ki jamkar ninda ki. uske baad viththal bhaai Patel jab beemaar ho gaye to subhaash ne unki bahut seva ki. magar viththal bhaai Patel naheen bache, unka nidhan ho gaya.

viththal bhaai Patel ne apni vaseeyat mein apni saari sampatti subhaash ke naam kar di. magar unke nidhan ke pashchaat unke bhaai sardaar vallabh bhaai Patel ne is vaseeyat ko sveekaar naheen kiya. sardaar Patel ne is vaseeyat ko lekar adaalat mein mukadama chalaaya. yeh mukadama jeetne par sardaar vallabh bhaai Patel ne apne bhaai ki saari sampatti gaandhi ke harijn seva kaarya ko bheint kar di.

1934 mein subhaash ko unke pita ke mrutyushayya par hone ki khabar mili. khabar sunate hi ve havaai jahaaj se Karachi hote hue Kolkata laute. yadyapi Karachi mein hi unhe pata chal gaya tha ki unke pita ki mruttyu ho chuki hai fir bhi ve Kolkata gaye. Kolkata pahuainchate hi angrej sarkaar ne unhein giraftaar kar liya aur kai din jail mein rakhakar vaapas Europe bhej diya.

subhaash ka unki patni ke saath durlabh chitr

san 1934 mein jab subhaash ostriya mein apna ilaaj karaane hetu thahare hue the us samay unhein apni pustak likhne hetu ek angreji jaanane vaale taaipist ki aavashyakta hui. unke ek mitr ne emili sheinkal (an: Emilie Schenkl) naam ki ek ostriyn mahila se unki mulaakaat kara di. emili ke pita ek prasiddh pashu chikitsak the. subhaash emili^[8] ki or aakarshit hue aur un donon mein svaabhaavik prem ho gaya. naaji Germany ke sakht kaanoonon ko dekhte hue un donon ne san 1942 mein baad gaastin naamak sthaan par hindu paddhati se vivaah racha liya. viyena mein emili ne ek putri ko janm diya. subhaash ne use pehli baar tab dekha jab vah mushkil se chaar saptaah ki thi. unhonne usaka naam anita Bose rakha tha. August 1945 mein taaivaan mein hui tathaakathit vimaan durghatana mein jab subhaash ki maut hui, anita paune teen saal ki thi.^[9][10] anita abhi jeevit hai. usaka naam anita Bose faaf (an: Anita Bose Pfaff) hai. apne pita ke parivaar janon se milne anita faaf kabhi-kabhi Bhaarat bhi aati hai.

netaaji subhaash chandr Bose, mahaatma gaandhi ke saath haripura Congress adhiveshan mein (san 1938) un donon ke beech Rajendra prasaad aur netaaji ke vaayein sardaar ballabh bhaai Patel bhi dikh rahe hain.

1938 mein Congress ka vaarshik adhiveshan haripura mein hona tay hua. is adhiveshan se pehle gaandhi ji ne Congress adhyaksh pad ke liye subhaash ko chuna. yeh Congress ka 51 vaaain adhiveshan tha. isliye Congress adhyaksh subhaash chandr Bose ka svaagat 51 bailon dvaara kheenche hue rath mein kiya gaya.

is adhiveshan mein subhaash ka adhyaksheeya bhaashan bahut hi prabhaavi hua. kisi bhi bhaarateeya raajaneetik vyakti ne shaayad hi itna prabhaavi bhaashan kabhi diya ho. apne adhyaksheeya kaaryakaal mein subhaash ne yojana aayog ki sthaapana ki. javaaharalaal Nehru iske pehle adhyaksh banaaye gaye. subhaash ne bangalaur mein mashahoor vaigyaanik sar vishveshvarayya ki adhyakshata mein ek vigyaan parishad ki sthaapana bhi ki.

1937 mein Japan ne cheen par aakraman kar diya. subhaash ki adhyakshata mein Congress ne cheeni janta ki sahaayata ke liye dau॰ dvaarakaanaath kotanis ke netrutv mein chikitsakeeya dal bhejane ka nirnaya liya. aage chalakar jab subhaash ne Bhaarat ke svatantrata sangraam mein Japan se sahayog kiya tab kai log unhe Japan ki kathaputali aur faasist kehne lage. magar is ghatna se yeh siddh hota hain ki subhaash na to Japan ki kathaputali the aur na hi ve faasist vichaaradhaara se sahamat the.

1938 mein gaandheeji ne Congress adhyaksh pad ke liye subhaash ko chuna to tha magar unhein subhaash ki kaaryapaddhati pasand naheen aayi. isi dauraan Europe mein dviteeya vishvayuddh ke baadal chha gaye the. subhaash chaahate the ki England ki is kathinaai ka laabh uthaakar Bhaarat ka svatantrata sangraam adhik teevr kiya jaaye. unhonne apne adhyaksheeya kaaryakaal mein is or kadam uthaana bhi shuroo kar diya tha parantu gaandheeji isse sahamat naheen the.

1939 mein jab naya Congress adhyaksh chunane ka vakt aaya tab subhaash chaahate the ki koi aisa vyakti adhyaksh banaaya jaaye jo is maamale mein kisi dabaav ke aage bilkul na jhuke. aisa kisi doosare vyakti ke saamane na aane par subhaash ne swayam Congress adhyaksh bane rahana chaaha. lekin gaandhi unhein adhyaksh pad se hataana chaahate the. gaandhi ne adhyaksh pad ke liye pattaabhi seetaaramaiya ko chuna. kavivr raveendranaath thaakur ne gaandhi ko khat likhkar subhaash ko hi adhyaksh banaane ki vinti ki. prafullachandr rai aur meghanaad saaha jaise vaigyaanik bhi subhaash ko hi fir se adhyaksh ke roop mein dekhna chaahatein the. lekin gaandheeji ne is maamale mein kisi ki baat naheen maani. koi samjhauta na ho paane par bahut barso baad Congress party mein adhyaksh pad ke liye chunaav hua.

sab samajhte the ki jab mahaatma gaandhi ne pattaabhi seetaaramaiyya ka saath diya hain tab ve chunaav aasaani se jeet jaayeinge. lekin vaastav mein subhaash ko chunaav mein 1580 mat aur seetaaramaiyya ko 1377 mat mile. gaandheeji ke virodh ke baavajood subhaashabaaboo 203 maton se chunaav jeet gaye. magar chunaav ke nateeje ke saath baat khatm naheen hui. gaandheeji ne pattaabhi seetaaramaiyya ki haar ko apni haar bataakar apne saathiyon se kah diya ki agar vein subhaash ke tareekon se sahamat naheen hain to vein Congress se hat sakatein hain. iske baad Congress kaaryakaarini ke 14 mein se 12 sadasyon ne isteefa de diya. javaaharalaal Nehru tatasth bane rahe aur akele sharadabaaboo subhaash ke saath rahe.

1939 ka vaarshik Congress adhiveshan tripuri mein hua. is adhiveshan ke samay subhaashabaaboo tej bukhaar se itne beemaar ho gaye the ki unhein strechar par litaakar adhiveshan mein laana pada. gaandheeji swayam bhi is adhiveshan mein upasthit naheen rahe aur unke saathiyon ne bhi subhaash ko koi sahayog naheen diya. adhiveshan ke baad subhaash ne samjhaute ke liye bahut koshish ki lekin gaandheeji aur unke saathiyon ne unki ek na maani. paristhiti aisi ban gayi ki subhaash kuchh kaam hi na kar paaye. aakhir mein tang aakar 29 April 1939 ko subhaash ne Congress adhyaksh pad se isteefa de diya.

3 May 1939 ko subhaash ne Congress ke andar hi forward block ke naam se apni party ki sthaapana ki. kuchh din baad subhaash ko Congress se hi nikaal diya gaya. baad mein forward block apne aap ek svatantr party ban gayi. dviteeya vishvayuddh shuroo hone se pehle se hi forward block ne svatantrata sangraam ko aur adhik teevr karne ke liye jan jaagruti shuroo ki.

3 sitmbar 1939 ko Madras mein subhaash ko Britain aur Germany mein yuddh chhidne ki soochana mili. unhonne ghoshana ki ki ab Bhaarat ke paas sunahara mauka hai use apni mukti ke liye abhiyaan tej kar dena chahiye. 8 sitmbar 1939 ko yuddh ke prati party ka rukh tay karne ke liye subhaash ko vishesh aamantrit ke roop mein kaaaingres kaarya samiti mein bulaaya gaya. unhonne apni rai ke saath yeh sankalp bhi doharaaya ki agar kaaaingres yeh kaam naheen kar sakti hai to forward block apne dam par british raaj ke khilaaf yuddh shuroo kar dega.

agale hi varsh July mein Calcutta sthit haalavet stambh^[11] jo Bhaarat ki gulaami ka prateek tha subhaash ki yooth briged ne raatonraat vah stambh mitti mein mila diya. subhaash ke swayamsevak usaki neenv ki ek-ek int ukhaad le gaye. yeh ek prateekaatmak shuruaat thi. iske maadhyam se subhaash ne yeh sandesh diya tha ki jaise unhonne yeh stambh dhool mein mila diya hai usi tarah ve british saamraajya ki bhi int se int baja deinge.

iske parinaamasvaroop angrej sarkaar ne subhaash sahit forward block ke sabhi mukhya netaaon ko kaid kar liya. dviteeya vishvayuddh ke dauraan subhaash jail mein nishkriya rahana naheen chaahate the. sarkaar ko unhein riha karne par majaboor karne ke liye subhaash ne jail mein aamaran anashan shuroo kar diya. haalat kharaab hote hi sarkaar ne unhein riha kar diya. magar angrej sarkaar yeh bhi naheen chaahati thi ki subhaash yuddh ke dauraan mukt rahein. isaliye sarkaar ne unhein unke hi ghar par najaraband karke baahar police ka kada pahara bitha diya.^[12]

Calcutta (vartamaan Kolkata) sthit netaaji bhavan jahaaain se subhaash chandr Bose vesh badal kar faraar hue the. is ghar mein ab netaaji research bureau sthaapit kar diya gaya hai. bhavan ke baahar lage hording par sainik kamaandar vesh mein netaaji ka chitr saaf dikh raha hai.

najarabandi se nikalne ke liye subhaash ne ek yojana banaayi. 16 January 1941 ko ve police ko chakama dete hue ek pathaan mohammad jiyaauddeen ke vesh mein apne ghar se nikle. sharadabaaboo ke bade bete shishir ne unhe apni gaadi se Kolkata se door gomoh tak pahuainchaaya. gomoh railway station se frantiyr mel pakadkar ve peshaavar pahuainche. peshaavar mein unhein forward block ke ek sahakaari, miyaaain Akbar shaah mile. miyaaain Akbar shaah ne unki mulaakaat, kirti kisaan party ke bhagataraam talavaar se kara di. bhagataraam talavaar ke saath subhaash peshaavar se Afghanistan ki rajdhani Kabul ki or nikal pade. is safar mein bhagataraam talavaar rahamat Khan naam ke pathaan aur subhaash unke gooainge-bahare chaacha bane the. pahaadiyon mein paidal chalte hue unhonne yeh safar poora kiya.

Kabul mein subhaash do maheenon tak uttamachand malhotra naamak ek bhaarateeya vyaapaari ke ghar mein rahe. vahaaain unhone pehle roosi dootaavaas mein pravesh paana chaaha. ismein naakaamayaab rahane par unhone jarman aur itaaliyn dootaavaason mein pravesh paane ki koshish ki. itaaliyn dootaavaas mein unki koshish safal rahi. jarman aur itaaliyn dootaavaason ne unki sahaayata ki. aakhir mein aaralaindo maijonta naamak itaaliyn vyakti bankar subhaash Kabul se nikalkar roos ki rajdhani Moscow hote hue Germany ki rajdhani barlin pahuainche.

Kolkata sthit netaaji bhavan mein rakhi car jismein baithakar subhaash chandr Bose ghar se faraar hue

barlin mein subhaash sarvapratham riben trop jaise Germany ke anya netaaon se mile. unhonne Germany mein bhaarateeya svatantrata sangathan aur aajaad hind radio ki sthaapana ki. isi dauraan subhaash netaaji ke naam se jaane jaane lage. jarman sarkaar ke ek mantri edaim faun traut subhaash ke achhe dost ban gaye.

aakhir 29 May 1942 ke din, subhaash Germany ke sarvochch neta edaulf hitlar se mile. lekin hitlar ko Bhaarat ke vishay mein vishesh ruchi naheen thi. unhone subhaash ko sahaayata ka koi spasht vachan naheen diya.

kai saal pehle hitlar ne maain kaamf naamak apna aatmacharitr likha tha. is kitaab mein unhone Bhaarat aur bhaarateeya logon ki buraai ki thi. is vishay par subhaashane hitlar se apni naaraajagi vyakt ki. hitlar ne apne kiye par maafi maaaingi aur maain kaamf ke agale sanskaran mein vah parichhed nikaalne ka vachan diya.

ant mein subhaash ko pata laga ki hitlar aur Germany se unhein kuchh aur naheen milne wala hai. isaliye 8 March 1943 ko Germany ke keel bandaragaah mein ve apne saathi aabid hasan safaraani ke saath ek jarman panadubbi mein baithakar poorvi Asia ki or nikal gaye. vah jarman panadubbi unhein hind mahaasaagar mein maidaagaaskar ke kinaare tak lekar gayi. vahaaain ve donon samudra mein tairakar Japani panadubbi tak pahuainche. dviteeya vishvayuddh ke samay kinheen bhi do deshon ki nausenaaon ki panadubbiyon ke dvaara naagrikon ki yeh ekamaatr adala-badli hui thi. yeh Japani panadubbi unhein Indonesia ke paadaang bandaragaah tak pahuainchaakar aayi.

aajaad hind fauj ke sarvochch senaapati subhaash chandr Bose apne poorn sainik vesh mein (is chitr ke othar hain shri devaaditya chatarji)

poorvi Asia pahuainchakar subhaash ne sarvapratham vayovruddh kraantikaari raasabihaari Bose se bhaarateeya svatantrata parishad ka netrutv sainbhaala. Singapore ke Edward park mein raasabihaari ne svechha se svatantrata parishad ka netrutv subhaash ko saunpa tha.

Japan ke pradhaanamantri general hideki tojo ne netaaji ke vyaktitv se prabhaavit hokar unhein sahayog karne ka aashvaasan diya. kai din pashchaat netaaji ne Japan ki sansad (daayat) ke saamane bhaashan diya.

tokyo mein subhaash chandra Bose, 1943

21 October 1943 ke din netaaji ne Singapore mein aarji-hukoomate-aajaad-hind (svaadheen Bhaarat ki antarim sarkaar) ki sthaapana ki. ve khud is sarkaar ke raashtrapati, pradhaanamantri aur yuddhamantri bane. is sarkaar ko kul nau deshon ne maanyata di. netaaji aajaad hind fauj ke pradhaan senaapati bhi ban gaye.

aajaad hind fauj mein Japani sena ne angrejon ki fauj se pakade hue bhaarateeya yuddhabandiyon ko bharti kiya tha. aajaad hind fauj mein auraton ke liye jhaaainsi ki raani rejimeint bhi banaayi gayi.

poorvi Asia mein netaaji ne anek bhaashan dekar vahaaain ke sthaayi bhaarateeya logon se aajaad hind fauj mein bharti hone aur use aarthik madad dene ka aavaahan kiya. unhonne apne aavaahan mein yeh sandesh bhi diya - "tum mujhe khoon do, main tumhein aajaadi dooainga."

dviteeya vishvayuddh ke dauraan aajaad hind fauj ne Japani sena ke sahayog se Bhaarat par aakraman kiya. apni fauj ko prerit karne ke liye netaaji ne " Delhi chalo" ka naara diya. donon faujon ne angrejon se andamaan aur nikobaar dweep jeet liye. yeh dweep aarji-hukoomate-aajaad-hind ke anushaasan mein rahe. netaaji ne in dveepon ko "shaheed dweep" aur "Swaraj dweep" ka naya naam diya. donon faujon ne milkar Imphal aur kohima par aakraman kiya. lekin baad mein angrejon ka palada bhaari pada aur donon faujon ko peechhe hatna pada.

jab aajaad hind fauj peechhe hat rahi thi tab Japani sena ne netaaji ke bhaag jaane ki vyavastha ki. parantu netaaji ne jhaaainsi ki raani rejimeint ki ladkiyon ke saath saikadon meal chalte rahana pasand kiya. is prakaar netaaji ne sachche netrutv ka ek aadarsh prastut kiya.

6 July 1944 ko aajaad hind radio par apne bhaashan ke maadhyam se gaandheeji ko sambodhit karte hue netaaji ne Japan se sahaayata lene ka apna kaaran aur aarji-hukoomate-aajaad-hind tatha aajaad hind fauj ki sthaapana ke uddeshya ke baare mein bataaya. is bhaashan ke dauraan netaaji ne gaandheeji ko raashtrapita bulaakar apni jang ke liye unka aasheervaad bhi maaainga. is prakaar netaaji ne hi sarvapratham gaandheeji ko raashtrapita bulaakar apne apamaan ke badle unhein sammaanit karne ka kaarya kiya tha.

Japan ke tokiyo shahar mein rainkoji mandir ke baahar lagi netaaji subhaash chandr Bose ki pratima

dviteeya vishvayuddh mein Japan ki haar ke baad, netaaji ko naya raasta dhooaindhana jaroori tha. unhone roos se sahaayata maaaingane ka nishchaya kiya tha. 18 August 1945 ko netaaji havaai jahaaj se manchooriya ki taraf ja rahe the. is safar ke dauraan ve laapata ho gaye. is din ke baad ve kabhi kisi ko dikhaayi naheen diye.

23 August 1945 ko tokiyo radio ne bataaya ki saigon mein netaaji ek bade bamavarshak vimaan se aa rahe the ki 18 August ko taaihokoo (Japani bhaasha: 臺aa北aa帝aa國aa大aa學, Taihoku Teikoku Daigaku) havaai adde ke paas unka vimaan durghatanaagrast ho gaya. vimaan mein unke saath savaar Japani general shodei, paailet tatha kuchh anya log maare gaye. netaaji gambheer roop se jal gaye the. unhein taaihokoo sainik aspataal le jaaya gaya jahaaain unhonne dam tod diya. Colonel habeeburrahamaan ke anusaar unka antim sanskaar taaihokoo mein hi kar diya gaya. sitmbar ke madhya mein unki asthiyaaain sanchit karke Japan ki rajdhani tokiyo ke rainkoji mandir mein rakh di gayeen.^[13] bhaarateeya raashtreeya abhilekhaagaar se praapt dastaavej ke anusaar netaaji ki mrutyu 18 August 1945 ko taaihokoo ke sainik aspataal mein raatri 21.00 baje hui thi.^[14]

svatantrata ke pashchaat Bhaarat sarkaar ne is ghatna ki jaaainch karne ke liye 1956 aur 1977 mein do baar aayog niyukt kiya. donon baar yeh nateeja nikla ki netaaji us vimaan durghatana mein hi maare gaye. lekin jis taaivaan ki bhoomi par yeh durghatana hone ki khabar thi us taaivaan desh ki sarkaar se in donon aayogon ne koi baat hi naheen ki.

1999 mein manoj Kumar mukharji ke netrutv mein teesara aayog banaaya gaya. 2005 mein taaivaan sarkaar ne mukharji aayog ko bata diya ki 1945 mein taaivaan ki bhoomi par koi havaai jahaaj durghatanaagrast hua hi naheen tha. 2005 mein mukharji aayog ne Bhaarat sarkaar ko apni report pesh ki jismein unhonne kaha ki netaaji ki mrutyu us vimaan durghatana mein hone ka koi saboot naheen hain. lekin Bhaarat sarkaar ne mukharji aayog ki report ko asveekaar kar diya.

18 August 1945 ke din netaaji kahaaain laapata ho gaye aur unka aage kya hua yeh bhaarateeya itihaas ka sabse bada anuttarit rahasya ban gaya hain.

desh ke alag-alag hisson mein aaj bhi netaaji ko dekhne aur milne ka daava karne vaale logon ki kami naheen hai. faijaabaad ke gumanaami Baba se lekar Chhattisgarh raajya mein jila raayagadh tak mein netaaji ke hone ko lekar kai daave pesh kiye gaye lekin in sabhi ki praamaanikta sandigdh hai. Chhattisgarh mein to subhaash chandr Bose ke hone ka maamala raajya sarkaar tak gaya. parantu raajya sarkaar ne ise hastakshep ke yogya na maanate hue maamale ki file hi band kar di.

Calcutta haai court ne netaaji ke laapata hone ke rahasya se jude khufiya dastaavejon ko saarvajanik karne ki maaaing par sunavaai ke liye special bench ke gathan ka aadesh de diya hai. yeh yaachika sarkaari sangathan India's smaail dvaara daayar ki gayi hai. is yaachika mein Bhaarat sangh, raashtreeya salaahakaar parishad, rau, khufiya vibhaag, pradhaanamantri ke niji sachiv, raksha sachiv, gruh vibhaag aur pashchim Bengal sarkaar sahit kai anya logon ko prativaadi banaaya gaya hai.^[6]

Cuttack mein subhaash chandr Bose ka janmasthaan ab sangrahaalaya mein parivrtit kar diya gaya hai.

hiroshima aur naagaasaaki ke vidhvans ke baad saare sandarbh hi badal gaye. aatmasamarpan ke uparaant Japan chaar-paaainch varshon tak America ke paaainvon tale karaahata raha. yahi kaaran tha ki netaaji aur aajaad hind sena ka romaharshak itihaas tokiyo ke abhilekhaagaar mein varshon tak pada dhool khaata raha.

November 1945 mein Delhi ke laal kile mein aajaad hind fauj par chalaaye gaye mukadame ne netaaji ke yash mein varnanaateet vruddhi ki aur ve lokapriyta ke shikhar par ja pahuainche. angrejon ke dvaara kiye gaye vidhivt dushprachaar tatha tatkaaleen pramukh raajaneetik dalon dvaara subhaash ke virodh ke baavajood saare desh ko jhakajhor denevaale us mukadame ke baad maataaeain apne beton ko 'subhaash' ka naam dene mein garv ka anubhav karne lageen. ghar–ghar mein raana prataap aur chhatrapati shivaaji mahaaraaj ke jod par netaaji ka chitr bhi dikhaai dene laga.

aajaad hind fauj ke maadhyam se Bhaarat ko angrejon ke changul se aajaad karne ka netaaji ka prayaas pratyaksh roop mein safal naheen ho saka kintu usaka dooragaami parinaam hua. san 1946 ke nausena vidroh iska udaaharan hai. nausena vidroh ke baad hi Britain ko vishvaas ho gaya ki ab bhaarateeya sena ke bal par Bhaarat mein shaasan naheen kiya ja sakta aur Bhaarat ko svatantr karne ke alaava unke paas koi doosra vikalp naheen bacha.

aajaad hind fauj ko chhodkar vishv-itihaas mein aisa koi bhi drushtaant naheen milta jahaaain tees-paintees hajaar yuddhabandiyon ne sangathit hokar apne desh ki aajaadi ke liye aisa prabal sangharsh chheda ho.

jahaaain svatantrata se poorv videshi shaasak netaaji ki saamarthya se ghabaraate rahe, to svatantrata ke uparaant deshi sattaadheesh janamaanas par unke vyaktitv aur kartrutv ke amit prabhaav se ghabaraate rahe. svaatantryaveer saavarakar ne svatantrata ke uparaant desh ke kraantikaariyon ke ek sammelan ka aayojan kiya tha aur usamein adhyaksh ke aasan par netaaji ke tailachitr ko aaseen kiya tha. yeh ek kraantiveer dvaara doosare kraanti veer ko di gayi abhootapoorv salaami thi.

• aajaad Bhaarat mein aajaad hind
• 'netaaji ki hatya ka aadesh diya tha'

• aajaad hind fauj
• kohima ka yuddh
• nausena vidroh
• rainkoji mandir (Japan)
• anita Bose faaf
• emili sheinkal
• subhaash chandr Bose ki mrutyu

vikikvot par subhaashachandr Bose se sambandhit uddharan hain.

vikimeediya kaumans par subhaashachandr Bose se sambandhit media hai.

vikisors mein subhaash chandr Bose lekh se sambandhit mool saahitya hai.

• Bhaarat sarkaar dvaara vimukt kiye gaye netaaji se sambandhit kaagaj (raashtreeya abhilekhaagaar)
• subhaash chandr Bose : sankship‍aat parichay (vebaduniya)
• naaraayanamoorti ne ki Nehru ki ninda, kaha- netaaji hote to cheen se nipat lete
• subhaash chandr Bose ke anmol vichaar (in Hindi and English)
• tum mujhe khoon do main tumhein aajaadi dooainga -(Speech In Hindi)
• Netaji Bose and the Indian National Army: Freedom Movement in East Asia (the hindu)
• 'gaaaindhi mujhe keval kathaputali ke roop mein bardaasht kar sakte the' (srujanashilpi)
• amar yoddha netaaji subhaash chandra Bose - aajaadi ke preranaastrot (mahaashakti)