sootr
hindu dharm |
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itihaas · devata |
sampradaaya · aagam |
vishvaas aur darshanashaastr |
---|
punarjanm · moksh |
karm · pooja · maaya |
darshan · dharm |
vedaant ·yog |
shaakaahaar · aayurved |
yug · sanskaar |
bhakti {{hindu darshan}} |
granth |
vedasanhita · vedaang |
braahmanagranth · aaranyak |
upanishd · shreemadbhagavadgeeta |
raamaayan · mahaabhaarat |
sootr · puraan |
shikshaapatri · vachanaamrut |
sambandhit vishay |
daivi dharm · |
vishv mein hindu dharm |
guru · mandir devasthaan |
yagya · mantr |
shabdakosh · hindu parv |
vigrah |
praveshadvaar: hindu dharm |
hindu maapan pranaali |
sootr, kisi badi baat ko atisankshipt roop mein abhivyakt karne ka tareeka hai. iska upayog saahitya, vyaakaran, ganit, vigyaan aadi mein hota hai. sootr ka shaabdik arth dhaaga ya rassi hota hai. jis prakaar dhaaga vastuon ko aapas mein jodkar ek vishisht roop pradaan karataa hai, usi prakaar sootr bhi vichaaron ko samyak roop se jodta hai.
hindu (sanaatan dharm) mein sootr ek vishesh prakaar ki saahityik vidha ka soochak bhi hai. jaise patanjali ka yogasootr aur paanini ka ashtaadhyaayi aadi. sootr saahitya mein chhote-chhote kintu saaragarbhit vaakya hote hain jo aapas mein bhaleebhaanti jude hote hain. inmein praay: paaribhaashik evam takaneeki shabdon ka khulkar kiya jaata hai taaki goodh se goodh baat bhi sankshep mein kintu spashtata se kahi ja sake. praacheen kaal mein sootr saahitya ka mahatva isaliye tha ki adhikaansh granth kanthasth kiye jaane ke dhyeya se rache jaate the; at: inka sankshipt hona vishesh upayogi tha. choonki sootr atyant sankshipt hote the, kabhi-kabhi inka arth samajhna kathin ho jaata tha. is samasya ke samaadhaan ke roop mein anek sootr granthon ke bhaashya bhi likhne ki pratha prachalit hui. bhaashya, sootron ki vyaakhya (commentary) karte the.
bauddh dharm mein sootr un upadeshaparak granthon ko kehte hain jinmein Gautam buddh ki shikshaaen sankalit hain.
anukram
paribhaasha
vaayu puraan mein 'sootr' ki nimnalikhit paribhaasha di gayi hai-
- alpaaksharan asandigdhan saaravat vishvatomukham.
- astobhan anavadyan ch sootran sootr vido vidu:.
(arthaat kam aksharon wala, sandeharahit, saarasvaroop, nirntarata liye hue tatha trutiheen (kathan) ko sootravid sootr kehte hain.)
sootr ki vyaakhya
sootr aadi ki vyaakhya ke paaainch bhed kiye gaye hain :
- vrutti, bhaashya, vaartik, teeka aur tippani
inmein se vrutti us vyaakhya ko kehte hain jo kuchh sankshipt hoti hai aur jiski rachana gambhir hoti hai.
prakaar
ashtaadhyaayi mein chh: prakaar ke sootr bataae gaye hain-
1 sanjnyaa (definition)
2 paribhaasha (interpretation)
3 vidhi (rules)
4 niyam (restriction)
5 atidesh (extension)
6 adhikaar (header/domain)
kuchh sootr granthon ki soochi
vedaang
* shiksha sootr (phonetics) * chhand (metrics) * vyaakaran (grammar) o ashtaadhyaayi - yeh paanini dvaara rachit vyaakaran ka sootr granth hai.
* nirukt (etymology) * jyotish (astrology) * kalp (ritual) o shraut sootr - yagya karne se sambandhit o smaart sootr + gruhya sootr - ghareloo jeevan se sambandhit + samayachaarika ya dharmasootr # shulb sootr, yajnyaashaala ka shilp
hindu darshan
- yogasootr
- nyaayasootr
- vaisheshik sootr
- poorv meemaansa sootr
- brahmasootr ya vedaant sootr - (vaadaraayan dvaara rachit)
bauddh dharm se sambandhit sootr
sootr pitk
sootr, bhaashya, siddhaant tatha geetika
sanskrut ka vaigyaanik tatha takaneeki saahitya vishaal hai. keval khagolashaastr par hi hajaaron granth likhe gaye hain. takaneeki granth bhinn-bhinn staron par likhne ki pratha rahi hai. sabse laghu granth 'sootr granth' kahalaate hain. inmein chhote-chhote saaragarbhit vaakya hain jinhein yaad karne ke uddeshya se chhote roop mein likha gaya hai. inmein koi vyaakhya naheen hoti, koi siddhi (proof) naheen hote. patanjali ka yogasootr, paanini ke vyaakaran sootr, vedavyaas ke brahmasootr, vaatsyaayan ka kaamasootr iske udaaharan hain.
kisi prasiddh sootragranth ki vyaakhya ko bhaashya kehte hain. kintu bhaashyagranth moolagranth bhi ho sakta hai. aadi shankaraachaarya ki brahmasootron ka bhaashya prasiddh hai.
saiddhaantik gaveshana (theoretical work) ko 'siddhaant' kaha jaata hai. sooryasiddhaant soorya ki gati ka vivechan karta hai.
'tantr' ka arth hai - 'takaneek'. khagol ke sandarbh mein iska arth hai - 'aakaasheeya pindon se sanbandhit ganana'. neelakanth ka tantrasangrah isi prakaar ka granth hai.
'geetika', 'darpan', 'deepika' aadi praarambhik granth hain jo navasikhuon ke nimitt likhe jaate hain. at: 'siddhaantadeepika' ko aadhunik samay mein 'saiddhaantik khagolashaastr ka parichay' (Introduction to Theoretical Astronomy) kaha jaayega.
inhein bhi dekhein
baahari kadiyaaain
- Buddhist Scriptures in Multiple Languages
- Chinese repository of Buddhist Sutras translated into English. Also has other texts.
- Mahayana Buddhist Sutras in English
- More Mahayana Sutras
- The Hindu Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas, and Vedanta Sacred-texts.com
- A Modern Sutra
- Digital Sanskrit Buddhist Canon
- Pali Suttas at Access to Insight
- Ida B. Wells Memorial Sutra Lirary (Pali Suttas)
- Suttas read aloud