sinkona
| sinkona | ||||||||||||||||||
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 Cinchona pubescens - pushp
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| vaigyaanik vargeekaran | ||||||||||||||||||
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| prajaati | ||||||||||||||||||
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lagbhag 38 prajaatiyaaain; dekhein paath |
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sinkona (Cinchona) ek sadaabahaar paadap hai jo jhaadi athva ooainche vruksh ke roop mein upajata hai. yeh roobiyesi (Rubiaceae) kul ki vanaspati hai. inki chhaal se kunain naamak aushadhi praapt ki jaati hai jo maleriya jvar ki dava hai.
yeh bahuvarsheeya vruksh sapushpak evam dvibeejapatri hota hai. iske patte laalimaayukt tatha chaude hote hain jinke agr bhaag nukeele hote hain. shaakha-prashaakhaaon mein asankhya manjari milti hai. iski chhaal kadvi hoti hai. is vansh mein 65 jaatiyaaain hain. sinkona ka paudha nam-garm jalavaayu mein ugata hai. ushn tatha uposhn katibandhi kshetr jahaan taapamaan 65°-75° faarenahaait tatha varsha 250-325 se.mi. tak hoti hai sinkona ke paudhon ke liye upayukt hai. bhoomi mein jal jama naheen hona chaahiye tatha mitti mein kaarbanik padaarth adhik hone chaahiye. mitti amleeya tatha naaitrojan ka star 8% se adhik upayukt hai. paudhein ke liye paala tatha tej hava haanikaarak hai. Bhaarat mein Darjiling aadi thandi jagahon par iske paudhe dekhne ko milte hain.[2] Europeeya vaigyaaniko ko iska pata sabse pehle endeej pahaadiyon mein 1630 ke aas-paas laga.[3]
parichay
sinkona mukhyat: dakshini amareeka mein aindeej parvat, peroo tatha boleeviya ke 5,000 foot athva isse bhi ooainche sthaanon mein inke jungle paae jaate hain. peroo ke vaaisaraaya kaaunt sinkan ki patni dvaara yeh paudha san 1639 E. mein pratham baar Europe laaya gaya aur unheen ke naam par iska naam pada. sinkona Bhaarat mein pehle pehle 1860 E. mein sar kleemeint maarakhat dvaara baahar se laakar neelagiri parvat par lagaaya gaya. san 1864 mein ise uttari Bengal ke pahaadon par boya gaya. aajkal iski teen jaatiyaaain sinkona aafeesinelij (C. Officinalis), sinkona (C. Succirubra) paryaapt maatra mein upajaai jaati hain.
sinkona ke 10 varsh ya usase puraane vrukshon mein elkelvaayds ka parimaan sarvaadhik hota hai. vrukshon ke aadhaar se 1 meter ooainchaai tak ki chhaal ko upayog hetu sangrah kiya jaata hai. jad ki chhaal mein bhi elkelvaayds samaan maatra mein paae jaate hai. jab vruksh gir jaate hain to unki chhaal ko sangrah kar liya jaata hai. sangraheet chhaal ko chhaaya mein sukhaaya jaata hai. varsha ke dinon mein inhein 175°aF tak krutrim roop se sukhaaya jaata hai. aushadhi ke nirmaan ke liye chhaal ko maheen pees liya jaata hai. is choorn mein 1/3 bhaag bujha chuna tatha 5% daahak khaar (kaastik soda) ka jaleeya ghol milaaya jaata hai. is mishran ko ubalate hue kairosin se nissaarit (eksatraikt) kiya jaata hai. is nissaaran mein paryaapt maatra mein garm tanu gandhakaaml milaane par kunain (kyooneen) ka avakshep praapt hota hai. kunain ke upayog se maleriya bukhaar ki dava taiyaar ki jaati hai. hainimain jo ki svanya elopaithik chikitsak the, ek din unhonein dekha ki svasth shareer mein yadi sinkona ki chhaal ka sevan kiya jaaye, to kampan or jvar paida ho jaata hai, or sinkona hi kampan aur jvar ki pradhaan dava hai.[4]
sandarbh
- ↑ "Genus Cinchona". Taxonomy. UniProt. http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/43462. abhigman tithi: 2010-02-13.
- ↑ "maleriya" (eesapeeeks). patrika.com. http://patrika.com/article.aspx?id=3359. abhigman tithi: 2008.
- ↑ "sinkona baark" (angreji mein) (echateeemael). bail laaibreri. http://bell.lib.umn.edu/Products/cinch.html. abhigman tithi: 2008.
- ↑ "mahaadevi homiyopaithi ek parichay" (echateeemael). homyopaithi-nai soch/nai dishaayein. http://drprabhattandon.wordpress.com/2006/05/25/. abhigman tithi: 2008.
