rakt

maanav shareer mein rakt ka sancharan
laal - shuddh rakt
neela - ashuddh rakt

rakt ek shaareerik taral (drav) hai jo rakt vaahiniyon ke andar vibhinn angon mein lagaataar bahata rahata hai. rakt vaahiniyon mein pravaahit hone wala yeh gaadha, kuchh chipchipa, laal rang ka dravya, ek jeevit ootak hai. yeh plaajma aur rakt kanon se mil kar banta hai. plaajma vah nirjeev taral maadhyam hai jismein rakt kan tairate rahate hain. plaajma ke sahaare hi ye kan saare shareer mein pahunch paate hain aur vah plaajma hi hai jo aanton se shoshit poshak tatvon ko shareer ke vibhinn bhaagon tak pahunchaata hai aur paachan kriya ke baad bane haaneekaarak padaarthon ko utsarji ango tak le ja kar unhein fir saaf hone ka mauka deta hai. raktakan teen prakaar ke hote hain, laal rakt kanika, shvet rakt kanika aur plaitalaits. laal rakt kanika shvasan angon se aakseejan le kar saare shareer mein pahunchaane ka aur kaarban daaiaaksaaid ko shareer se shvasan angon tak le jaane ka kaam karta hai. inki kami se raktaalpata (animiya) ka rog ho jaata hai. shvait rakt kanika haaneekaarak tatvon tatha bimaari paida karne vaale jivaanuon se shareer ki raksha karte hain. pletalets rakt vaahiniyon ki suraksha tatha khoon banaane mein sahaayak hote hain.

manushya-shareer mein kareeb paaainch liter rakt vidyamaan rahata hai. laal rakt kanika ki aayu kuchh dinon se lekar 120 dinon tak ki hoti hai. iske baad iski koshikaaen tilli mein tootati rahati hain. parantu iske saath-saath asthi majja (bon mairo) mein iska utpaadan bhi hota rahata hai. yeh banane aur tootane ki kriya ek nishchit anupaat mein hoti rahati hai, jisse shareer mein khoon ki kami naheen ho paati.

manushyon mein rakt hi sabse aasaani se pratyaaropit kiya ja sakta hai. eteejans se rakt ko vibhinn vargon mein baanta gaya hai aur raktadaan karte samay isi ka dhyaan rakha jaata hai. mahatvapoorn eteejans ko do bhaagon mein baanta gaya hai. pehla A, bi, O tatha dusara aar-H va H-aar. jin logon ka rakt jis eteejans wala hota hai use usi eteejans wala rakt dete hain. jin par koi eteejans nahi hota unka group "O" kahalaata hai. jinke rakt kan par aar-H eteejans paaya jaata hai ve aar-H paajitiv aur jinpar naheen paaya jaata ve aar-H negetiv kahalaate hain. O-varg vaale vyakti ko sarvadaata tatha AB vaale ko sarvagraahi kaha jaata hai. parantu AB rakt vaale ko AB rakt hi diya jaata hai. jahaan svasth vyakti ka rakt kisi ki jaan bacha sakta hai, vaheen rogi, asvasth vyakti ka khoon kisi ke liye jaanleva bhi saabit ho sakta hai. iseeliye khoon lene-dene mein bahut saavadhaani ki aavashyakta hoti hai. rakt ka pH maan 7.4 hota hai

kaarya

• ootakon ko aakseejan pahuainchaana.
• poshak tatvon ko le jaana jaise glookos, ameeno aml aur vasa aml (rakt mein ghulana ya plaajma proteen se judana jaise- rakt lipid).
• utsarji padaarthon ko baahar karna jaise- yooriya kaarban, daai aaksaaid, laiktik aml aadi.
• pratirkshaatmak kaarya.
• sandeshavaahak ka kaarya karna, iske antargat haarmons aadi ke sandesh dena.
• shareer pi. H niyantrit karna.
• shareer ka taap niyantrit karna.
• shareer ke ek ang se doosare ang tak jal ka vitran rakt dvaara hi sampan hota hai