protaun

praanu sanrachana

praanu (protaun) ek dhanaatmak vidhyut aaveshayukt moolabhoot kan hai, jo parmaanu ke naabhik mein nyootraun ke saath paaya jaata hain. ise p pratik chinh dvaara darshaaya jaata hai. is par 1.602E−19 koolaamb ka dhanaavesh hota hai. iska dravyamaan 1.6726E−27 kigra hota hai jo ilektraun ke drabyamaan ke lagbhag 1837 guna hai. praanu teen praathamik kano do ap-kvaark aur ek daaun-kvaark se milkar bana hota hai. svatantr rup se yeh udajan aayan H⁺ ke rup mein paaya jaata hai.

praanufarmion hote hai, jinki prachakran 1/2 hoti hai aur yeh teen kvaark se milkar bane hote hai arthaat yeh beryaun (hedraun ka ek prakaar) ke rup mein hote hai. inke do ap-kvaark evam ek daaun-kvaark aapas mein sashakt bal (strong force) se jude hote hai jogluon dvaara laagoo hote hai. praanu aur nyootraun ka joda nyuklion kahalaata hai jo kiparmaanu naabhik mein naabhakeeya bal (nuclear force) se aapas mein bandhe hote hai. udajan hi ek maatr aisa tatv hai jiske parmaanu naabhik mein praanu akela paaya jaata hai anyatha anya sabhi parmaanu ke naabhik mein praanu nyootraun ke saath paaya jaata hai. udajan parmaanu ke naabhik mein keval ek praanu hota hainyootraun naheen hota hai jabki iske do bhaari samasthaanik dyooteriym mein ek praanu va ek nyootraun evam tritiym mein ek praanu va do nyootraun hote hai.

praanu, ilektraun (rinaatmak beeta-kshaya) ka avashoshan kar nyootraun mein badal jaata hai.

p⁺ + e^- → n^o + v_e

jahau p praanu, e ilektraun, n nyootraun aur v_e ilektraun nyootreeno hai.

iske viprit nyootraun ilektraun (rinaatmak beeta kshaya) ka utsarjan kar praanu mein badal jaata hai.

n^o → p⁺ + e^- + v_e^-

praanu ki ardh-aayu bahut lambi hoti hai (aaj ke brahmaand ki aayu se bhi adhik)

praanu ka naamakaran greek shabd protos protos se hua hai jiska arth hota hai "pratham". 1920 mein radaraford ne iski khoj ki thi.