poorvi Champaran

poorvi Champaran
— jila —
kesariya bauddh stoop
poorvi Champaran
samay mandal: IST (UTC+5:30)
desh	Bhaarat
raajya	Bihar
jila	poorvi Champaran
saansad	raadhaamohan Singh
janasankhya • ghanatv	3,933,636 (2001 tak [update]) • 991 /kimi2 (2,567 /varg meal)
kshetrafal	3,968 km² (1,532 sq mi)
vibhinn code • pinkod • 845 xxx • doorabhaash • +91 (06252) • gaadiyaan • BR
aadhikaarik jaalasthal: eastchamparan.bih.nic.in

nirdeshaank: 26°a10′aN 84°a18′aE / 26.16°aN 84.30°aE / 26.16; 84.30 poorvi Champaran Bihar ke tirhut pramandal ka ek jila hai. Champaran ko vibhaajit kar 1971 mein banaae gaye poorvi Champaran ka mukhyaalaya motihaari hai. Champaran ka naam chanpa + aranya se bana hai jiska arth hota hai- cham‍aapa ke pedon se aach‍aachhaadit jungle. poorvi cham‍aapaaran ke ut‍aatar mein ek or jahaaain Nepal tatha dakshin mein mujaffarapur sthit hai, vaheen doosari or iske poorv mein shivhar aur seetaamadhi tatha pashchim mein pashchimi cham‍aapaaran jila hai.

mahaakaavya kaal se lekar aaj tak Champaran ka itihaas gauravapoorn evam mahatvapoorn raha hai. puraan mein varnit hai ki yahaaain ke raaja uttaanapaad ke putr bhakt dhruv ne yahaaain ke tapovan naamak sthaan par gyaan praapti ke liye ghor tapasya ki thi.^[1] ek or Champaran ki bhoomi devi seeta ki sharanasthali hone se pavitra hai vaheen doosari or aadhunik Bhaarat mein gaaaindheeji ka Champaran satyaagrah bhaarateeya svatantrata ke itihaas ka amoolya panna hai. raaja janak ke samay yeh tirhut pradesh ka ang tha. logon ka aisa vishvaas hai ki jaanakeegadh, jise chaanakeegadh bhi kaha jaata hai, raaja janak ke videh pradesh ki rajdhani thi. jo baad mein chhathi sadi isaapoorv mein vaishaali ke saamraajya ka hissa ban gaya. Bhagwan buddh ne yahaaain apna upadesh diya tha jiski yaad mein teesari sadi isaapoorv mein priydarshi ashok ne stambh lagavaae aur stoop ka nirmaan karaaya. gupt vansh tatha paal vansh ke patan ke baad mithila sahit samoocha Champaran pradesh karnaat vansh ke adheen ho gaya. musalmaanon ke adheen hone tak tatha uske baad bhi yahaaain sthaaneeya kshatrapon ka seedha shaasan raha. Bhaarat ke svatantrata sangraam ke samay Champaran ke hi ek raiyat evam svatantrata senaani Rajkumar shukl ke bulaave par mahaatma gaaaindhi April 1917 mein motihaari aae aur neel ki fasal ke laagoo teenakathiya kheti ke virodh meinsatyaagrah ka pehla safal prayog kiya.^[1] aajaadi ki ladaai mein yeh nae charan ki shurooaat thi. baad mein bhi Bapu kai baar yahaaain aae. angrejon ne Champaran ko san 1866 mein hi svatantr ikaai banaaya tha lekin 1971 mein iska vibhaajan kar poorvi tatha pashchimi Champaran bana diya gaya.^[2]

Bihar ke maanachitr par poorvi Champaran ko gaadhe rang mein dikhaaya gaya hai

pashchimottar Bihar mein sthit 3,969 varg kilometer kshetrafal wala poorvi Champaran ki seema Nepal se milti hai. gandak, baagamati tatha iski anya sahaayak nadiyon ke maidaan mein hone se poorvi cham‍aapaaran ki upajaaoo mitti kheti ke liye upayukt hai. himaalaya ke giripaad kshetr se riskar bhoomigat hue jal ke kaaran taraai kshetr ko yathesht aardrata upalabdh hai isliye yahaaain daladali mitti (chaur) ka vistaar hai. logon ke jeevan ka mukh‍aaya aadhaar krushi aur gruh udyog hai. uttam koti ke baasamati chaaval tatha ganne ke utpaadan mein jile ko khyaati praapt hai. mrudu jalavaayu tatha upajaaoo bhoopradesh ke chalte yeh Bihar ke doosra sabse jyaada janasankhya wala jila hai. lekin stri-puroosh janasankhya ka anupaat asantulit (898 prati 1000) hai. saalaana ausat varsha 1242 mileemeetar hoti hai jo pashchim ki or badhati jaati hai. sinchaai ke liye gandak se nikaali gayi triveni, dhaaka tatha sakari naharein bani hai.

• nadiyaaain: gandak, baagamati, sikrahana, lalabakiya, tilaave, kachana, motiya, tioor aur dhanauti.

prashaasanik vibhaajan:

• anumandal: motihaari sadar, areraaj, chakiya, raksaul, sikrahana, pakadi dayaal

• prakhand: areraaj, aadaapur, kalyaanapur, kesariya, kotava, ghodaasahan, chakaai, chiraiyaan, chhauraadaanon, tetariya, turakauliya, dhaaka, pakadi dayaal, pataahi, pahaadpur, pipraakothi, fenahaara, banakatava, banjaariya, madhuvan, mehasi, motihaari, raksaul, ramagadhava, sangraamapur, sugauli, harasiddhi

• police thaanon ki sankhya- 41
• panchaayaton ki sankhya- 409
• gaaainv ki sankhya- 1345

tirhut ka ang hone par bhi alag bhaasha tatha bhaugolik vishishtata ke chalte Champaran ki sanskruti bajjika bhaashi kshetron se thoda bhinn hai. jile ke sabhi hisson mein Bhojpuri boli jaati hai lekin hindi aur urdoo shiksha ka maadhyam hai. shaharon mein angreji maadhyam se padhaane vaale school bhi hain. yadyapi Bhojpuri sanskruti yahaaain rachi- basi hai kintu logon mein apni bhaasha ke liye gaurav ka abhaav hai. uttar pradesh tatha Bihar ke kai jilon ke karodon logon sahit antararaashtreeya star par boli jaanevaali Bhojpuri ko log shiksha ka maadhyam banaane mein log hichkate hain. shaadi-vivaah ya anya maangalik avsaron par Bhojpuri sangeet kaaryakram ka abhinn hissa hota hai. kabhi neel ki kheti ke liye jaane jaanaavaala jila ab achhi kism ke chaaval aur gud ke liye prasiddh hai. aparichiton ka svaagat bhi gud aur paani se kiya jaata hai.
chhath pooja ko yahaaain log badi shraddha se manaate hai. iske atirikt holi, divaali, durga pooja, mahaashivraatri, rakshaabandhan, guru-poornima, satuaani, chakachanda aadi hinduon ka pramukh tyohaar hai. musalmaan Eid, bakareed ya muharam manaate hain. donon samudaayon mein haalaanki samarasata aam hai lekin log jaateeya bhedabhaav ke shikaar hain. vivaah maata-pita dvaara apni jaati ke samaan aarthik aur saamaajik star mein hi tay kiye jaate hain.

kesariya ka bauddh s‍aatoop

motihaari se 35 kilometer door saahebaganj-chakiya maarg par laal chhapra chauk ke paas avasthit hai praacheen aitihaasik sthal kesariya. yahaaain ek vruhad bauddhakaaleen stoop hai jise kesariya stoop ke naam se jaana jaata hai. 1998 mein bhaarateeya puraatat‍aav vibhaag dvaara ut‍aakhanan ke uparaant is jagah ka paryatan aur aitihaasik roop se mahat‍aav badh gaya hai. puraatatvavet‍aataaon ke anusaar yeh bauddh s‍aatoop duniya ki sabse ooaincha s‍aatoop hai. yeh s‍aathaan rajdhani Patna se 120 kilometer aur vaishaali se 30 meal door hai. mool rup mein 150 feet ooainche is s‍aatoop ki ooainchaai san 1934 mein aae bhayaanak bhookamp se pehle 123 feet thi. bhaarateeya puraatat‍aavet‍aataaon ke anusaar jaava ka boraabudoor s‍aatoop vartamaan mein jahaaain 103 feet ooaincha hai vaheen kesariya sthit is s‍aatoop ki oonchaai 104 feet hai. vish‍aav dharohar mein shaamil saanchi ka s‍aatoop ki oonchaai 77.50 feet hi hai. iske aitihaasik mahat‍aav ko dekhte hue Bihar sarkaar kendra ki madad se ise ek aitihaasik paryatak s‍aathal ke roop mein vi‍akasit karne ki yojana bana rahi hai. Bihar paryatan mein kesariya ka mahat‍aav badhta hi ja raha hai.

lauriya nandanagadh

areraaj anumandal ke lauriya gaanv mein sthit ashok s‍aatanbh ki oonchaai 36.5 feet hai. is s‍aatanbh (baluaa pat‍aathar se nirmit) ka nirmaan 249 isa poorv samraat ashok ke dvaara kiya gaya tha. ispar priydarshi ashok likha hua hai. iske aadhaar ka v‍aayaas 41.8 inch tatha shikhar ka v‍aayaas 37.6 inch hai. is s‍aatanbh ko s‍aatanbh dharmalekh' ke naam se bhi jaana jaata hai. samraat ashok ne ismein apne 6 aadeshon ke sambandh mein likha hai. s‍aatanbh ka vajan (jameen se oopar ka his‍aasa) 34 tan ke aaspaas hai. anumaan ke anusaar is s‍aatanbh ka kul vajan 40 tan hai. kaha jaata hai ki is s‍aatanbh ke oopar jaanavar ki moorti thi jisko Kolkata sangrahaalaya bhej diya gaya hai. is s‍aatanbh par likha hua aadesh 18 laainon mein hai.

gaaaindhi smaarak (motihaari)

cham‍aapaaran ki shaan ka prateek Gandhi memoriyl s‍aatanbh ka shilaan‍aayaas 10 June 1972 ko tat‍aakaaleen raaj‍aayapaal di.ke. barooch ke dvaara kiya gaya tha. 18 April 1978 ko varish‍aath Gandhivadi vidyaakar kavi ne is s‍aatanbh ko raash‍aatr ko samarpit kiya. is s‍aatanbh ka nirmaan mahaat‍aama Gandhi ke Champaran sat‍aayaagrah ki yaad mein shaanti niketan ke mashahoor kalaakaar nan‍aad laal Bose ke dvaara kiya gaya. chunaar pat‍aathar se nirmit is s‍aatanbh ki lanbaai 48 feet hai. smaarak ka nirmaan theek usi jagah kiya gaya hai jahaan gaaaindheeji ko 18 April 1917 mein dhaara 144 ka ul‍aalanghan karne ke jurm mein anumandalaadhikaari ki adaalat mein pesh kiya gaya tha.

George oravel smaarak:

angreji saahitya ke mahaan lekhak George oravel ka janm 25 June 1903 ko motihaari mein hua tha. us samay unke pita richrd velmejli bleyar Champaran ke afeem vibhaag mein civil adhikaari the. janm ke kuchh dinon ke baad oravel apni maaain aur bahan ke saath ingalaind chale gaye jahaaain unhonne vidyaarthi jeevan se hi lekhan aarambh kiya. unki likhi Animal Farm, Burmese Days, A Hanging jaisi kuchh pustakein angreji saahitya ki mahaan kruti hai. varsh 2004 mein rotari club motihaari tatha jila prashaasan ke prayaas se unke janm sthal ki dasha sudhaar kar vahaaain ek falak lagaaya gaya jispar unka sankshipt jeevan charit likha hai.

vishv kabeer shaanti stambh, belavaatiya: jila mukhyaalaya se das kilo meter par peeparaakothi prakhand ke belavaatiya gaanv mein pure Bhaarat ka aathavaan evam Bihar ka ab tak ikalauta vishv kabeer shaanti stambh sthaapit hai is stambh ka nirmaan tatkaaleen mahant sva0 raamasnehi das ne 2002 mein kiya jabki yeh aashram 1875 i0 mein tatkaaleen mahant sva0 keshav saaheb ne sthaapit kiya is stambh ke alaava anya sabhi stambh madhya pradesh shaasan ke dvaara banaaye gaye hai is aashram par prati varsh anant chaturdashi ko tridivaashiye sant sammelan ka aayojan kiya jaata hai jisme desh videsh ke sant mahaatma bhakt ka samaagam hota hai yeh aashram dhaarmik samaajik raajanaitik va adhyaatmik saadhana ka kendra raha hai vartamaan mahanth Dr tripuraari das ke netrutv mein is aashram ka sanchaalan kiya ja raha hai jinke dvaara desh videsh mein is aashram ke vikaas ke liye prayaas kiya ja raha hai is aitihaasik sthal ke baare mein gaur karein to aashram ki sthaapana karne vaale mahanth sva0 keshav saahab ne 1875 i0 mein ki aur ve 1895 tak mahanth rahe uske baad sva0 shyaam bihaari das saahab san 1895 se 1901 i0, mahanth sva0 rishaal saahab 1901 se 1929 tak, mahanth sva0 brahmadev saahab san 1929 se 1954 i0 tak , uske baad mahanth sva0 kamal saaheb san 1954 se 1975 tak rahe ev unhonne aashram ke 100 ve sthaapana diwas par apne jeevan kaal mein hi raamasnehi das ko mahanth ki gadi par aashin karte hue unhein mahanth banaaya aur mahanth raamasnehi das ne apne kaal mein hi vishv kabeer shaanti stambh ki sthaapana kiya tatha ve bhi apne jeevan kaal mein hi 15 sitmbar 1997 ko apna kaarya bhaar raamaroop das ko saupa tatha ve san 31 May 2002 ko gujar gaye filhaal ke mahanth dau0 tripuraari das ko 07 sitmbar 2014 ko banaaya gaya aur tab se unhi ke netrutv mein aashram ka sanchaalan ho raha hai

raamagadhva uchch vidyaalaya:

taarakeshvar naath tivaari dvaara banavaaya gaya haai school poorvi champaaran ke raamagadhva mein hai. is school ne graameen ilaake mein shiksha ka sootrapaat kiya. kai aaees, IPS, Doctor, abhiyanta bane yahaan ke chhaatr aaj bhi yahaan aate hain aur taarakeshvar naath tivaari ko yaad karte hain.

anya sthal:

• someshvar mahaadev mandir: motihaari shahar se 28 kimi door dakshin-pashchim mein sthit areraaj mein Bhagwan Shiv ka prasidv mandir hai jo somesh‍aavar Shiv mandir kahalaata hai. shraavani mela (July-agas‍aat) ke samay keval Champaran se hi naheen varan Nepal se bhi hajaaron ki sankh‍aaya mein bhak‍aatagan Bhagwan Shiv ka jalaabhishek karne yahaaain aate hai.

• seetaakund: motihaari se 16 kimi door peepara railway s‍aateshan ke paas yeh ek puraane kile ke parisar mein seetaakund sthit hai. maana jaata hai ki Bhagwan Ram ki pat‍aani seeta ne tretaayug mein is kund mein s‍aanaan kiya tha. iske kinaare Bhagwan soorya, devi durga, hanumaan sahit kai anya mandir bhi bane hue hai. raamanavami ke din yahaaain ek vishaal mela lagta hai. hajaaron ki sankh‍aaya mein is din log Bhagwan Ram aur seeta ki pooja archana karne yahaan aate hai.
• chandeesthaan (govindaganj):
• husaini jalavihaar:

• ramesh chandr jha

ramesh chandr jha

• krushi: chaaval, dalahan fasalein, ganna, joot
• udyog:

cheeni mil- motihaari tatha sugauli

mehasi ka batan udyog

shahar se 48 kimi poorab mein yeh sthit mehasi shil‍aap-batan ughog ke liye poore Bhaarat mein hi naheen varan vish‍aav s‍aatar par prasiddh ho chuka hai. is ughog ki shuruaat karne ka shreya yahaan ke s‍aathaaneeya nivaasi bhuvan laal ko jaata hai. samay ke saath batan nirmaan ki prakriya ne ek ughog ka rup apna liya aur us samay lagbhag 160 batan faik‍aatri mehasi prakhand ke 13 panchaayaton chal raha tha. lekin vartamaan mein yeh udhog sarkaar se sahayog naheen mil paane ke kaaran behtar s‍ai‍athati mein naheen hai

sadak maarg-

poorvi cham‍aapaaran jile mein raashtreeya raajamaarg 28 tatha 28A tatha 98 lamba raajakeeya raajamaarg sankhya 54 jile ki mahatvapoorn sadak hai. jila mukh‍aayaalaya motihaari se rajdhani Patna ki doori lagbhag 150 kilometer hai, jahaan bas se pahunchane mein 3-4 ghante lag jaate hain. motihaari Bihar ke an‍aaya shaharon se sadak ke maadh‍aayam se juda hua hai. uttar Bihar ka doosra pramukh shahar tatha tirhut pramandal ka mukhyaalaya mujaffarapur motihaari se 80 kilometer door hai. yahaan se bhi Bihar ke vibhin‍aan kshetron mein jaane ke liye bas liya ja sakta hai.

rel maarg-

motihaari bhaarateeya rel ke poorvamadhya railway kshetr mein padta hai. poorvi Champaran se gujaranevaali mukhya relamaarg Gorakhpur-mujaffarapur relakhand ka hissa hai. seetaamadhi se narakatiyaaganj ko jodanevaali ek anya relamaarg meetaragej hai lekin iske amaan parivartan ka kaam abhi chal raha hai. paryatan ke liye mahatvapoorn buddh rel paripth ko badhaava dene hetu Hajipur, vaishaali hote hue ek anya nai rel laain ka kaam prastaavit hai. yahaaain se rajdhani Patna ke liye koi seedhi train seva naheen hai lekin desh ke an‍aaya bhaagon ke liye yahaaain se niyamit trainein hain.

vaayumaarg-

jila mukhyaalaya motihaari ka niktatam havaai adada 149 kilometer door Patna mein hai. motihaari se 70 kimi tatha seema se sate raksaul se maatr 20 kilometer ki doori par semarabaasa mein Nepal ka vimaanapattan hai jahaaain se kaathamaandoo aasaani se pahuaincha ja sakta hai.

1. Champaran mein satyaagrah
2. tirhut ka itihaas

1. poorvi Champaran jila

2. poorvi Champaran, Bihar raajya

1. ↑ ^{a aa} Champaran mein satyaagrah
2. ↑ tirhut ka itihaas [tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in/]