pashupaalan

bhedein aur pashu char rahe hain.

pashupaalan krushi vigyaan ki vah shaakha hai jiske antargat paalatoo pashuon ke vibhinn pakshon jaise bhojan, aashray, svaasthya, prajanan aadi ka adhyayan kiya jaata hai. pashupaalan ka pathan-paathan vishv ke vibhinn vishvavidyaalayon mein ek mahatvapoorn vishay ke roop mein kiya ja raha hai.

anukram

parichay

bhaarateeya arthavyavastha mein krushi evam pashupaalan ka vishesh mahatva hai. sakal ghareloo krushi utpaad mein pashupaalan ka 28-30 pratishat ka yogadaan saraahaneeya hai jismein dugdh ek aisa utpaad hai jiska yogadaan sarvaadhik hai. Bhaarat mein vishv ki kul sankhya ka 15 pratishat gaayein evam 55 pratishat bhainsein hai aur desh ke kul dugdh utpaadan ka 53 pratishat bhainson va 43 pratishat gaayon se praapt hota hai. Bhaarat lagbhag 121.8 million tan dugdh utpaadan karke vishv mein pratham sthaan par hai jo ki ek misaal hai aur uttar pradesh ismein agrani hai. yeh upalabdhi pashupaalan se jude vibhinn pahaluon jaise maveshiyon ki nasl, paalan-poshan, svaasthya evam aavaas prabandhan ityaadi mein kiye gaye anusandhaan evam uske prachaar-prasaar ka parinaam hai. lekin aaj bhi kuchh anya deshon ki tulana mein hamaare pashuon ka dugdh utpaadan atyant kam hai aur is disha mein sudhaar ki bahut sanbhaavanaayein hai.

chhote, bhoomiheen tatha seemaant kisaan jinke paas fasal ugaane evam bade pashu paalne ke avsar seemit hai, chhote pashuon jaise bhed-bakariyaaain, sookar evam murgeepaalan roji-roti ka saadhan va gareebi se nipatne ka aadhaar hai. vishv mein hamaara sthaan bakariyon ki sankhya mein doosra, bhedon ki sankhya mein teesara evam kukkut sankhya mein saatavaaain hai. kam kharche mein, kam sthaan evam kam mehnat se jyaada munaafa kamaane ke liye chhote pashuon ka aham yogadaan hai. agar inse sambandhit upalabdh naveenatam takaneekiyon ka vyaapak prachaar-prasaar kiya jaaya to ni:sandeh ye chhote pashu gareebon ke aarthik vikaas mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibha sakte hain.

bhaarateeya arthavyavastha mein pashupaalan ka bahut hi mahatvapoorn sthaan hai. desh ki lagbhag 70 pratishat aabaadi krushi evam pashupaalan par nirbhar hai. chhote va seemaant kisaanon ke paas kul krushi bhoomi ki 30 pratishat jot hai. ismein 70 pratishat krushak pashupaalan vyavasaaya se jude hai jinke paas kul pashudhan ka 80 pratishat bhaag maujood hai. spasht hai ki desh ka adhikaansh pashudhan, aarthik roop se nirbal varg ke paas hai. Bhaarat mein lagbhag 19.91 karod gaaya, 10.53 karod bhains, 14.55 karod bakari, 7.61 karod bhed, 1.11 karod sookar tatha 68.88 karod murgi ka paalan kiya ja raha hai. Bhaarat 121.8 million tan dugdhautpaadan ke saath vishv mein pratham, anda utpaadan mein 53200 karod ke saath vishv mein truteeya tatha maans utpaadan mein saatavein sthaan par hai. yahi kaaran hai ki krushi kshetr mein jahaaain ham maatr 1-2 pratishat ki vaarshik vruddhi dar praapt kar rahe hain vaheen pashupaalan se 4-5 pratishat. is tarah pashupaalan vyavasaaya mein graameenon ko rojagaar pradaan karne tatha unke saamaajik evam aarthik star ko ooaincha uthaane ki apaar sambhaavanaayein hain.

pashupaalan kaarya

varsh ke vibhinn maheenon mein pashupaalan se sambandhit kaarya (pashupaalan kalendar) is prakaar hain-

April (chaitr)

  • 1. khurapaka-muainhapaka rog se bachaav ka teeka lagavaayein.
  • 2. jaayad ke hare chaare ki buaai karein, baraseem chaara beej utpaadan hetu kataai kaarya karein.
  • 3. adhik aay ke liye svachh dugdh utpaadan karein.
  • 4. ant: evam baahya parajeevi ka bachaav dava snaan/dava paan se karein.

May (baishaakh)

  • 1. galaaghontoo tatha langadiya bukhaar ka teeka sabhi pashuon mein lagavaayein.
  • 2. pashuon ko hara chaara paryaapt maatra mein khilaayein.
  • 3. pashu ko svachh paani pilaayein.
  • 4. pashu ko subah evam saayan nahalaayein.
  • 5. pashu ko loo evam garmi se bachaane ki vyavastha karein.
  • 6. parajeevi se bachaav hetu pashuon mein upachaar karaayein.
  • 7. baanjhapan ki chikitsa karavaayein tatha garbh pareekshan karaayein.

June (jeth)

  • 1. galaaghontoo tatha langadiya bukhaar ka teeka avashesh pashuon mein lagavaayein.
  • 2. pashu ko loo se bachaayein.
  • 3. hara chaara paryaapt maatra mein dein.
  • 4. parajeevi nivaaran hetu dava pashuon ko pilvaayein.
  • 5. khareef ke chaare makka, lobiya ke liye khet ki taiyaari karein.
  • 6. baanjh pashuon ka upachaar karaayein.
  • 7. sookhe khet ki chari na khilaayein anyatha jahar vaad ka dar rahega.

July (aashaadh)

  • 1. galaaghontoo tatha langadiya bukhaar ka teeka shesh pashuon mein lagavaayein.
  • 2. khareef chaara ki buaai karein tatha jaankaari praapt karein.
  • 3. pashuon ko ant: krumi ki dava paan karaayein.
  • 4. varsha ritu mein pashuon ke rahane ki uchit vyavastha karein.
  • 5. braayalar paalan karein, aarthik aay badhaayein.
  • 6. pashu duhaan ke samay khaane ko chaara daal dein.
  • 7. pashuon ko khadiya ka sevan karaayein.
  • 8. krutrim garbhaadhaan apanaayein.

August (saavan)

  • 1. naye aaye pashuon tatha avashesh pashuon mein galaaghontoo tatha langadiya bukhaar ka teekaakaran karavaayein.
  • 2. livr flook ke liye dava paan karaayein.
  • 3. garbhit pashuon ki uchit dekhbhaal karein.
  • 4. byaaye pashuon ko ajavaain, sonth tatha gud khilaayein. dekh lein ki jer nikal gaya hai.
  • 5. jer na niklanein par pashu chikitsak se sampark karein.
  • 6. bhed/bakariyon ko parajeevi ki dava avashya pilaayein.

sitmbar (bhaadau)

  • 1. utpann santati ko khees (kolestram) avashya pilaayein.
  • 2. avashesh pashuon mein H.S. tatha bi.kyoo. ka teeka lagavaayein.
  • 3. muainhapaka tatha khurapaka ka teeka lagavaayein.
  • 4. pashuon ki divrming karaayein.
  • 5. bhainson ke navajaat shishuon ka vishesh dhyaan rakhein.
  • 6. byaaye pashuon ko khadiya pilaayein.
  • 7. garbh pareekshan evam krutrim garbhaadhaan karaayein.
  • 8. taalaab mein pashuon ko na jaane dein.
  • 9. dugdh mein chhichhde aane par thanaila rog ki jaaainch aspataal par karaayein.
  • 10. khees pilaakar rog nirodhi kshamata badhaavein.

October (kvaar/aashvin)

  • 1. khurapaka-muainhapaka ka teeka avashya lagavaayein.
  • 2. baraseem evam rijka ke khet ki taiyaari evam buaai karein.
  • 3. nimn gunavatta ke pashuon ka badhiyaakaran karavaayein.
  • 4. utpann santatiyon ki uchit dekhbhaal karein
  • 5. svachh jal pashuon ko pilaayein.
  • 6. duhaan se poorv ayan ko dhoyein.

November (kaartik)

  • 1. khurapaka-muainhapaka ka teeka avashya lagavaayein.
  • 2. kruminaashak dava ka sevan karaayein.
  • 3. pashuon ko santulit aahaar dein.
  • 4. baraseem tatha jai avashya boyein.
  • 5. lavan mishran khilaayein.
  • 6. thanaila rog hone par upachaar karaayein.

December (agahan/maargasheersh)

  • 1. pashuon ka thand se bachaav karein, parantu jhool daalne ke baad aag se door rakhein.
  • 2. baraseem ki kataai karein.
  • 3. vayask tatha bachchon ko pet ke keedon ki dava pilaayein.
  • 4. khurapaka-muainhapaka rog ka teeka lagavaayein.
  • 5. sookar mein svaain feevar ka teeka avashya lagaayein.

January (paush)

  • 1. pashuon ka sheet se bachaav karein.
  • 2. khurapaka-muainhapaka ka teeka lagavaayein.
  • 3. utpann santati ka vishesh dhyaan rakhein.
  • 4. baahya parajeevi se bachaav ke liye dava snaan karaayein.
  • 5. duhaan se pehle ayan ko gunagune paani se dho lein.

February (maagh)

  • 1. khurapaka-muainhapaka ka teeka lagavaakar pashuon ko surakshitkarein.
  • 2. jin pashuon mein July August mein teeka lag chuka hai, unhein pun: teeke lagavaayein.
  • 3. baahya parajeevi tatha ant: parajeevi ki dava pilvaayein.
  • 4. krutrim garbhaadhaan karaayein.
  • 5. baanjhapan ki chikitsa evam garbh pareekshan karaayein.
  • 6. baraseem ka beej taiyaar karein.
  • 7. pashuon ko thand se bachaav ka prabandh karein.

March (faagun)

  • 1. pashushaala ki safaai va putaai karaayein.
  • 2. badhiyaakaran karaayein.
  • 3. khet mein chari, soodaan tatha lobiya ki buaai karein.
  • 4. mausam mein parivartan se pashu ka bachaav karein

inhein bhi dekhein

sandarbh

granth soochi

  • jooliyt, Clutton bijjoo. ghoomana kothaar. paalatoo banaane, graameen kaavya aur shikaar ke paitarn, anavin Hyman, London 1988
  • jooliyt, Clutton bijjoo. haars power: maanav samaaj, raashtreeya itihaas sangrahaalaya prakaashanon, London mein 1992 mein ghode aur gadhe ka ek itihaas
  • fleming ji, Guzzoni M. Storia cronologica dele epizoozie daal 1409 A vi. kristo cheen al 1800, Gazzetta chikitsa VETERINARIA mein, main dviteeya, milaano 1871-72

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