panchakarm

shirodhaara mein sir ke oopar tel ki ek patali dhaara nirntar bahaayi jaati hai.

panchakarm (arthaat paaainch karm) aayurved ki ut‍aakrush‍aat chikit‍aasa vidhi hai. panchakarm ko aayurved ki vishish‍aat chikit‍aasa paddhati kehte hai. is vidhi se shareer mein honnein vaale rogon aur rog ke kaaranon ko door karanein ke liye aur teenon doshon (arthaat tridosh) vaat, pit‍aat, kaf ke asam roop ko samaroop mein pun: s‍aathaapit karanein ke liye vibhin‍aan prakaar ki prakriyaayein prayog me laai jaati hain. lekin in kai prakriyaayon mein paanch karm mukh‍aaya hain, iseeliye ''panchakarm'' kehte hain. ye paanch karmon ki prakriyaayein is prakaar hain-

1. vaman
2. virechan
3. basti – anuvaasan
4. basti – aas‍aathaapan
5. nas‍aaya

uparok‍aat paanch ko mukh‍aaya athva pradhaan karm kehte hain.

aayurved panchakarm chikitsa paddhati desh ki praacheenatam chikitsa paddhatiyon mein se ek hai. desh ke dakshini bhaag mein yeh bahut lokapriya hai aur saamaanyataur par lok jeevan mein sveekaarya hai. uttar Bhaarat mein yeh paddhati haal hi mein upayog mein laai ja rahi hai. is paddhati mein shareer ke vishon ko baahar nikaalkar shuddh kiya jaata hai. isi se rog nivaaran bhi ho jaata hai. panchakarm, aayurved shaastr mein varnit ek vishesh chikitsa paddhati hai, jo doshon ko shareer se baahar nikaal kar rogon ko jad se samaapt karti hai. yeh shareer shodhan ki prakriya hai, jo svasth manushya ke liye bhi faayademand hai. ismein paaainch pradhaan karm hote hain tatha inke pehle kiye jaane vaale do poorv karm.

pradhaan karm (kaaya chikitsaanusaar)

1. vaman, 2. virechan, 3. aasthaapan vasti, 4. anuvaasan basti, 5. nasya

shalya chikitsaanusaar aasthaapan tatha anuvaasan vasti ko vasti sheershak ke antargat lekar teesara pradhaan karm maana gaya hai tatha paaainchavaaain pradhaan karm 'rakt mokshan' ko maana gaya hai.

poorv karm

1. snehan- sneh shabd ka taatparya shareer ko snigdh karne se hai. yeh sneh kriya shareer par baahya roop se tel aadi snigdh padaarthon ka abhyang (maalish) karke bhi ki jaati hai tatha in padaarthon ka mukh dvaara prayog karke bhi ki jaati hai. kuchh rogon ki chikitsa mein snehan ko pradhaan karm ke roop mein bhi kiya jaata hai.

chaar pramukh sneh

(1) ghrut, (2) majja, (3) vasa, (4) tel

inmein ghrut (goghrut) ko uttam sneh maana gaya hai. ye chaaron sneh mukhya roop se pittashaamak hote hain.

2. svedan- svedan ka taatparya us prakriya se hai, jisse sved arthaat paseena utpann ho. krutrim upaayon dvaara shareer mein sved utpann karne ki kriya svedan kahalaati hai.

svedan ke bhed-

(a) 1. ekaang sved- ang vishesh ka svedan

2. sarvaang sved- sampoorn shareer ka svedan

(b) 1. agni sved- agni ke seedhe sampark dvaara svedan

2. nirgni sved- bina agni ke sampark dvaara svedan.

panchakarm hai shareer ki androoni safaai 

urdhv maarg se doshon ka nirharan vaman kahalaata hai. arthaat ulti kara kar mukh dvaara doshon ka nikaalna vaman kahalaata hai. vaman ko kaf dosh ki pradhaan chikitsa kaha gaya hai.

vaman yogya rog- shvaas, kaas, prameh, paandu rog (eneemiya), mukh rog arbud aadi.

vaman ke ayogya rogi- garbhavati stri, komal prakruti vaale vyakti, atikrush bhookh se peedit aadi.

gudaamaarg malamaarg se doshon ka nikaalna virechan kahalaata hai. virechan ko pitt dosh ki pradhaan chikitsa kaha jaata hai.

virechan yogya rog- shir: shool, agnidgdh, arsh, bhagandar, gulm, rakt pitt aadi.

virechan ke ayogya rogi- nav jvar, raatri jaagarit, raajayakshma aadi.

1. aasthaapan vasti,
2. anuvaasan vasti

vasti vah kriya hai, jismein gudamaarg, mootramaarg, apatyamaarg, vran mukh aadi se aushadhi yukt vibhinna drav padaarthon ko shareer mein pravesh karaaya jaata hai.

mootr maarg tatha apatya maarg se di jaane waali vasti uttar vasti kahalaati hai tatha vran mukh (ghaav ke mukh) se di jaane waali vasti vran vasti kahalaati hai. vasti ko vaat rogon ki pradhaan chikitsa kaha gaya hai. aasthaapan vasti mein vibhinn aushadhi dravyon ke kvaath (kaadhe) ka prayog kiya jaata hai. anuvaasan vasti mein vibhinn aushadhi dravyon se siddh sneh ka prayog kiya jaata hai.

vasti ke yogya rog- ang supti, jodon ke rog, shukr kshaya, yoni shool aadi.

vasti ke ayogya rogi- bhojan kiye bina anuvaasan vasti tatha bhojan ke uparaant aasthaapan vasti ke prayog ka nishedh hai. saath hi atikrush, kaas, shvaas, jinhein ultiyaaain (vaman) ho rahi hon, unhein vaman naheen dena chaahiye.

naasika dvaara jo aushadhi prayukt hoti hai, use nasya kehte hain. nasya ko gale tatha sir ke samast rogon ki uttam chikitsa kaha gaya hai.

maatra ke anusaar nasya ke do prakaar hain-

1. marsh nasya- 6, 8 ya 10 booaind nasya dravya ko naasaaput mein daala jaata hai.

2. pratimrsh nasya- 1 booaind ya 2 booaind aushadh dravya ko naasaaput mein daala jaata hai. is nasya ki maatra kam hoti hai. at: ise pratidin bhi liya ja sakta hai.

nasya yogya rog- pratishyaaya, mukh ki virsata, svar bhed, sir ka bhaareepan, dant shool, karn shool, karn naad aadi.

nasya ke ayogya rogi- atyant krush vyakti, sukumaar rogi, manovikaar, ati nidra, sarpadansh aadi.

shalya chikitsaanusaar paaainchavaaain karm 'rakt mokshan' maana gaya hai. rakt mokshan ka arth hai shareer se dooshit rakt ko baahar nikaalna.

rakt mokshan ki kriya shastr dvaara sira ka vedhan karke bhi ki jaati hai tatha bina shastr prayog ke bhi ki jaati hai. bina shastr prayog ke rakt mokshan ke liye sabse adhik prachalit vidhi 'jalauka' arthaat leech dvaara rakt mokshan hai. leech ko sthaan vishesh par laga diya jaata hai tatha dooshit rakt ke chooshan ke baad use hata liya jaata hai. vibhinn rogon ke liye vibhinn shiraaon se rakt mokshan ka nirdesh aayurved mein diya gaya hai.

• aayurved

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