pakshaaghaat

jab ek ya ekaadhik maansapeshi samooh ki maansapeshiyaaain kaarya karne mein poornat: asamarth hon to is sthiti ko pakshaaghaat ya lakava maarana kehte hain. pakshaaghaat se prabhaavi kshetr ki sanvedan-shakti samaapt ho sakti hai ya us bhaag ko chalana-firna ya ghumaana asambhav ho jaata hai. yadi durbalata aanshik hai to use aanshik pakshaaghaat kehte hain.

pakshaaghaat tab lagta hai jab achaanak mastishk ke kisi hisse me rakt aapoorti ruk jaati hai ya mastishk ki koi rakt vaahika fat jaati hai aur mastishk ki koshikaaon ke aas-paas ki jagah mein khoon bhar jaata hai. jis tarah kisi vyakti ke hrudaya mein jab rakt aapoorti ka aabhaav hota to kaha jaata hai ki use dil ka daura pad gaya hai usi tarah jab mastishk mein rakt pravaah kam ho jaata hai ya mastishk mein achaanak raktasraav hone lagta hai to kaha jaata hai ki aadmi ko mastishk ka daura pad gaya hai.

shareer ki sabhi peshiyon ka niyantran keindreeya tantrikaakeindr (mastishk aur merurajju) ki prerak tantrikaaon se, jo peshiyon tak jaakar unamein pravisht hoti hain, hota hai. at: spasht hai ki mastishk se peshi tak ke niyantranakaari aksh ke kisi bhaag mein, ya peshi mein ho, rog ho jaane se pakshaaghaat ho sakta hai. saamaanya roop mein chot, abud ki daab aur niyantranakaari aksh ke kisi bhaag ke apakarsh aadi, kisi bhi kaaran se utpann pradaah ka parinaam aanshik ya poorn pakshaaghaat hota hai.

shareer ke ootakon ko kaarya karne ke liye rakt ki aavashyakta padti hai aur yadi kisi raktavaahika mein rudhir sravan (bleeding) ya rudhir ka thakka (ghanaasrata/thrombosis) banane ke kaaran khoon ki poorti band ho jaaya, athva dhamani ke andar rakasrotarodhan ho to pakshaaghaat ho jaata hai. pramastishkeeya (cerebral) thraumbosis arthaat mastishk ki kisi dhamani mein rudhir ka thakka banana ardhapakshaadhaat (hemiplegia) ka ek saadhaaran kaaran hai. ismein shareer ke jis bhaag mein thraanbosis hota hai uske vipreet paashrv mein pakshaadhaat ho jaata hai. dhamaniyon ke rogakraant hone par rudhir ka thakka banta hai. dhamani rogon mein sabse saamaanya karanbhaarbud (atheroma) hai, jo budhaape ke kaaran apakarshi parivartan ke roop mein hota hai. sifilis ya madhumeh ke praarambhik sankraman kaal ke aath das varshon ke baad, 40-50 varsh ke adhed vyaktiyon ki rugn dhamaniyon mein bhi, uparyukt arbud ho jaata hai. nirbal taruniyon par prasooti ke turant baad pakshaaghaat ka aakraman hote praaya: dekha gaya hai. rudhir ke thakka banaane ki shakti kam karne ki davaaeain ab praapya hain aur uchit chikitsa hone par rogi ki sthiti mein sheegra sudhaar ho sakta hai, yahaan tak ki vah poornat: neerog ho sakta hai, lekin kuchh hi ghanton ke vilamb se rudhir ki poorti ke abhaav mein mastishk ka kshetr poornataya nasht ho sakta hai, jise fir se kriyaasheel naheen kiya ja sakta aur iske falasvaroop sthaayi pakshaaghaat ho jaata hai. pakshaadhaat ka aakraman bahudha baar baar hua karta hai.

donon pairon ka pakshaaghaat, jise sakthi sanstanbh (paraplegia) kehte hain, vyaapak rog hai. yeh kisi ek pair mein kramash: badhti hui kamjori ke roop mein praanrabh hota hai. praarambhik avastha mein dhyaan na dene aur upeksha karne par donon pairon mein poorn pakshaaghaat ho sakta hai aur rogi ka apne mal mootr par niyantran naheen rah jaata. yeh bahudha merurajju mein chhote arbud ki tarah ke rog se, jo dheere dheere varshon se badhta rahata hai ya sifilis jaise rog ke pradaah se, hota hai. praarambhik avastha mein pehchaan aur upachaar hone se donon hi theek ho sakte hain. Bhaarat mein khesaari sadrush kuchh nikrusht anaaj upajate hain, jinhein daal ya fali ke saath khaane par merujju ka chatari matari rog (lathyrism) ho jaata hai, jiske kaaran sakthi sanstanbh ho jaata hai. laindro (Landry's) ka pakshaadhaat teji se badhnevaala pakshaadhaat hai, jismein jvar paanv se chadhta hai aur saare shareer ko aakraant kar leta hai. yeh vishaanuon se hota hai. ismein shvasan ka pakshaadhaat hokar rogi ki mrutyu bhi ho sakti hai. merurajju ka pradaah samaapt hone tak rogi ko lohe ke fefade mein rakhakar bachaaya ja sakta hai.

baal sanstanbh ya poliyo (poliomyelitis) saari duniya mein faila hua kukhyaat rog hai. praaya: bachchon par hi aakraman karanevaale ek vishaanu se yeh failata hai. yeh vishaanu rogiyon se nikalkar svasth bachche mein uske mukhamaarg se pravisht hota hai. do teen dinon tak jvar rahata hai aur iske baad shareer ke kisi ya kai bhaagon mein pakshaaghaat praarambh ho jaata hai. rog se atyant satoshaprad ya aanshik mukti, athva rog ki asaadhyata, pakshaadhaat ke prasaar aur teevrata par nirbhar hai. ismein bachche ka ek pair sada ke liye chhota aur kamjor ho ja sakta hai aur chalne ki truti tatha anya shaareerik viroopataaon se bachane ke liye use ooainchi edi ka joota pahanana pad sakta hai. duniya bhar mein karodon log bachapan se pangu hote hain. rog ko jade se door karne ka koi upaaya naheen hain, lekin bachchon mein iska sankraman rokane ke liye teeke avashya taiyaar kiye ja rahe hain. praanrabh se hi chikitsa sambandhi satarkata se kaam lene par aur chalana praarambh karte samay bachche ke liye merudandeeya avalanb ki vyavastha karne se vikrutiyaaain door hot hain aur ashaktata kam ho jaati hai.

chehare ka pakshaaghaat bhi atyant vyaapak rog hai aur har aayu mein ho sakta hain, jismein aadha chehara kisi din sabere ya nahaane ke baad pakshaadhaatapeedit paaya jaata hai. yeh praaya: aadhe chehare par vyaapt mukhatantrikaaon ke chaaron or thandh lagne se hota hai. avilanb chikitsa se rogamukti sambhav hai.

bhaavuk, asthirchitt tatha kisi prakaar ke tanaav se peedit, apraudh vyaktiyon ko haath, baaainh ya pairon mein histeeriya pakshaaghaat ho jaata hai, jaise yaddh ke morche par sainikon ko pair mein aur atishya shram karanevaali gruhini ko haath mein.

pakshaaghaat ki anek avasthaaon aur kaaranon par vichaar karne se gyaat hota hai ki kuchh pakshaaghaat rogi poornat: svasth ho sakte hain, kuchh uparyukt chikitsa ya shalya chikitsa se anshat: svasth ho sakte hain aur kuchh pakshaaghaat asaadhya ho sakte hai. asaadhya pakshaaghaat se peedit angon se yathaasanbhav kaam lene ke liye graabh (), haath paidil se chalanevaali kaaron tatha haath tatha pair ki tekon ka nirmaan hua hai. haath pair ki tekon ko sahaayata se type karne, rasoi banaane aur khaane aadi kaam bhi rogon kar lete hain.

• lakava ya pakshaaghaat
• vaachaaghaat/ afe.jiya/ avaagmita/ boli ka lakava (nyooro gyaan)
• pakshaaghaat
• pakshaaghaat sansaadhan kendra
• lakava mein ghareloo upachaar bhi faayademand (samay live)
• jindagi ki bhaagadaud, tanaav se badhta lakava
• fesiyl paraalisis