merudand

baahar se meroodand ka drushya

meroodand ke vibhinn bhaag

meroodand ke vibhinn bhaag (rangeen)

maanav shareer rachana mein 'reedh ki haddi' ya merudand (vertebral column ya backbone ya spine)) peeth ki haddiyon ka samooh hai jo mastishk ke pichhle bhaag se nikalkar guda ke paas tak jaati hai. ismein 33 khand (vertebrae) hote hain. merudand ke bheetar hi meroonaal (spinal canal) mein meroorajju (spinal cord) surakshit rahata hai.

meroodand, reedh, ya kasherook dand anek chhoti asthiyon se nirmit hota hai, jo kasherook (vertebrate) kahalaati hain aur jinki sankhya kul 26 hoti hai-

• gardan par (graiv) 7;
• prushtheeya, ya vaksheeya 12;
• kati par 5;
• trikaasthi (sacrum) aur
• koseji (coseyse).

trikaasthi mein paaainch asthiyaaain sammilit (fused) hoti hain jabki koseji mein chaar (3 se paaainch tak) asthiyaaain ekaakaar (fused) rahateen hain.

chot or rog

pratyaksh ya apratyaksh bal prayog se kasherookon ke alag ho jaane par meroodand ka bhang hota hai jismein meroorajju ka vidaaran (tearing), ya sandalan (crushing) sanmilit hai jiske falasvaroop chot ke sthaan ke neeche ke bhaag sanvedanaheen aur sanchalan shakti se shoonya ho jaate hain. pehle aise rogi neerog naheen ho paate the aur shayyaavran aur sankraman grast hokar chirkaal tak kasht bhogate aur mar jaate the. pichhle mahaayuddh ke samay mein arjit gyaan ke kaaran ab pair ke lakave (paraplegic) ke rogi pahiyedaar kursiyon mein upayogi jeevan bita sakte hain.

meroodand ki vakrata ke anek kaaran ho sakte hain, jinmein mukhya hai, meroodand ki gulikaarti (tuberculosis). kasherookon ki kaaya asthikshaya (caries) se nasht ho jaati hai aur uske nipaat (collapse) se koobad nikal aata he. spaandilaaitis (spondylitis) ek viklaangakaari chintaajanak sthiti hai jismein peeth kramash: seedhi aur anamya ho jaati hai. kabhi kabhi doshapoorn aasan ki aadat, ya chot se asamamit vikaas ke falasvaroop yuvaavastha mein paarshvik vakrata utpann ho jaati hai. ise samuchit vyaayaam, ya dhanurbadhani (braces) pahanakar theek kiya ja sakta hai.

kabhi-kabhi peeth ke nimn bhaag ke dard ke nidaan aur shalayakarm dvaara usaki chikitsa bahut hi niraashajanak aur udvegakaari samasya ban jaati hai. iski jatilta ka anumaan is baat se sahaj hi ho jaata hai ki is vedana ke srot asankhya ho sakte hein - meroodand aur shroni pradesh (pelvis) ki asthiyaaain, inke madhya ke asankhya jod aur is pradesh ki asankhya peshiyaaain tatha snaayu. yeh vedana shroni aantaraang (Pelvis Viscera), arthaat mootraashaya (bladder), praustet, shukraashaya, ya andaashaya, garbhaashaya tatha malaashaya mein bhi uth sakti hai. in sabke atirikt moch aur tanaav bhi hain, jo manushya ke oordhvaadhar aasan ke parinaamasvaroop utpann hote hein jinke liye hamaari shareer yantraavali abhi bhi paryaapt upayukt naheen hai.

• reedh ki haddi ki banaavat ka sinhaavalokan
• North American Spine Society is a multidisciplinary medical organization that advances quality spine care through education, research and advocacy.
• Spinal Cord Injuries Australia (formerly Australian Quadriplegic Association AQA, established 1967) provides information about the disability and services for affected people, advocacy, accommodation, employment, peer support.
• Spinal Cord Injury Peer Support Peer support for those living with spinal injuries.
• Vertebral column basics
• Spinal Term Glossary