mahaashivraatri

maha shivraatri
Bhagwan Shiv
manaane vaale	hindu
prakaar	hindu
mahattv	Bhagwan Shiv aur unki patni paarvati ki pooja ka paavan din jismein unke vivaah ka utsav manaaya jaata hai.
tithi	February/ March
2015 tithi	17 February[krupaya uddharan jodein]
2016 tithi	7 March[1]
2017 date	24 February[krupaya uddharan jodein]
paalan	vrat va shivling ki pooja

naageshvar mandir mein Bhagwan Shiv/ mahaadev ki moorti

mahaashivraatri hinduon ka ek pramukh tyohaar hai. yeh Bhagwan Shiv ka pramukh parv hai.

faalgun Krishna chaturdashi ko shivraatri parv manaaya jaata hai. maana jaata hai ki srushti ke praarambh mein isi din madhyaraatri Bhagwan shankar ka brahma se rudr ke roop mein avataran hua tha. pralaya ki vela mein isi din pradosh ke samay Bhagwan Shiv taandav karte hue brahmaand ko teesare netr ki jvaala se samaapt kar dete hain. iseeliye ise mahaashivraatri athva kaalaraatri kaha gaya. kai sthaanon par yeh bhi maana jaata hai ki isi din Bhagwan Shiv ka vivaah hua tha | teenon bhuvanon ki apaar sundari tatha sheelavati gauraan ko ardhaangini banaane vaale Shiv preton va pishaachon se ghire rahate hain. unka roop bada ajeeb hai. shareer par masaanon ki bhasm, gale mein sarpon ka haar, kanth mein vish, jataaon mein jagat-taarini paavan ganga tatha maathe mein pralayankar jvaala hai. bail ko vaahan ke roop mein sveekaar karne vaale Shiv amangal roop hone par bhi bhakton ka mangal karte hain aur shri-sampatti pradaan karte hain. saal mein hone waali 12 shivraatriyon ne se mahaashivraatri ki sabse mahatvapoorn maana jaata hai.^[2]

mahaashivraatri se sanbadhit kai pauraanik kathaayein hai.

shikaari katha

ek baar paarvati ji ne Bhagwan shivshankar se poochha, 'aisa kaun-sa shreshth tatha saral vrat-poojan hai, jisse mrutyulok ke praani aapki krupa sahaj hi praapt kar lete hain?' uttar mein shivji ne paarvati ko 'shivraatri' ke vrat ka vidhaan bataakar yeh katha sunaai- 'ek gaanv mein ek shikaari rahata tha. pashuon ki hatya karke vah apne kutumb ko paalata tha. vah ek saahookaar ka rini tha, lekin usaka rin samay par na chuka saka. krodhit saahookaar ne shikaari ko shivmath mein bandi bana liya. sanyog se us din shivraatri thi.'

shikaari dhyaanamagn hokar Shiv-sambandhi dhaarmik baatein sunata raha. chaturdashi ko usane shivraatri vrat ki katha bhi suni. sandhya hote hi saahookaar ne use apne paas bulaaya aur rin chukaane ke vishay mein baat ki. shikaari agale din saara rin lauta dene ka vachan dekar bandhan se chhoot gaya. apni dincharya ki bhaanti vah jungle mein shikaar ke liye nikla. lekin dinbhar bandi gruh mein rahane ke kaaran bhookh-pyaas se vyaakul tha. shikaar karne ke liye vah ek taalaab ke kinaare bail-vruksh par padaav banaane laga. bail vruksh ke neeche shivling tha jo vilvapatron se dhaka hua tha. shikaari ko usaka pata na chala.

padaav banaate samay usane jo tahaniyaan todeen, ve sanyog se shivling par gireen. is prakaar dinbhar bhookhe-pyaase shikaari ka vrat bhi ho gaya aur shivling par belapatr bhi chadh gaye. ek pahar raatri beet jaane par ek garbhini mrugi taalaab par paani peene pahunchi. shikaari ne dhanush par teer chadhaakar jyon hi pratyancha kheenchi, mrugi boli, 'main garbhini hoon. sheegra hi prasav karoongi. tum ek saath do jeevon ki hatya karoge, jo theek naheen hai. main bachche ko janm dekar sheegra hi tumhaare samaksh prastut ho jaaoongi, tab maar lena.' shikaari ne pratyancha dheeli kar di aur mrugi jangali jhaadiyon mein lupt ho gayi.

kuchh hi der baad ek aur mrugi udhar se nikli. shikaari ki prasannata ka thikaana na raha. sameep aane par usane dhanush par baan chadhaaya. tab use dekh mrugi ne vinmrataapoorvak nivedan kiya, 'he paaradhi! main thodi der pehle ritu se nivrutt hui hoon. kaamaatur virhini hoon. apne priya ki khoj mein bhatak rahi hoon. main apne pati se milkar sheegra hi tumhaare paas aa jaaoongi.' shikaari ne use bhi jaane diya. do baar shikaar ko khokar usaka maatha thanaka. vah chinta mein pad gaya. raatri ka aakhiri pahar beet raha tha. tabhi ek anya mrugi apne bachchon ke saath udhar se nikli. shikaari ke liye yeh svarnim avsar tha. usane dhanush par teer chadhaane mein der naheen lagaai. vah teer chhodne hi wala tha ki mrugi boli, 'he paaradhi!' main in bachchon ko inke pita ke havaale karke laut aaoongi. is samay mujhe mat maaro.

shikaari hansa aur bola, saamane aae shikaar ko chhod doon, main aisa moorkh naheen. isse pehle main do baar apna shikaar kho chuka hoon. mere bachche bhookh-pyaas se tadp rahe honge. uttar mein mrugi ne fir kaha, jaise tumhein apne bachchon ki mamata sata rahi hai, theek vaise hi mujhe bhi. isliye sirf bachchon ke naam par main thodi der ke liye jeevanadaan maang rahi hoon. he paaradhi! mera vishvaas kar, main inhein inke pita ke paas chhodkar turant lautane ki pratijnyaa karti hoon.

mrugi ka deen svar sunakar shikaari ko us par daya aa gayi. usane us mrugi ko bhi jaane diya. shikaar ke abhaav mein bail-vruksh par baitha shikaari belapatr tod-todkar neeche feinkata ja raha tha. pau fatne ko hui to ek hrusht-pusht mrug usi raaste par aaya. shikaari ne soch liya ki iska shikaar vah avashya karega. shikaari ki tani pratyancha dekhkar mrug vineet svar mein bola, he paaradhi bhaai! yadi tumane mujhse poorv aane waali teen mrugiyon tatha chhote-chhote bachchon ko maar daala hai, to mujhe bhi maarane mein vilamb na karo, taaki mujhe unke viyog mein ek kshan bhi du:kh na sahana pade. main un mrugiyon ka pati hoon. yadi tumane unhein jeevanadaan diya hai to mujhe bhi kuchh kshan ka jeevan dene ki krupa karo. main unase milkar tumhaare samaksh upasthit ho jaaoonga.

mrug ki baat sunate hi shikaari ke saamane poori raat ka ghatanaachakr ghoom gaya, usane saari katha mrug ko suna di. tab mrug ne kaha, 'meri teenon patniyaan jis prakaar pratijnyaaabaddh hokar gayi hain, meri mrutyu se apne dharm ka paalan naheen kar paaengi. at: jaise tumane unhein vishvaasapaatr maankar chhoda hai, vaise hi mujhe bhi jaane do. main un sabke saath tumhaare saamane sheegra hi upasthit hota hoon.' upavaas, raatri-jaagaran tatha shivling par belapatr chadhne se shikaari ka hinsak hrudaya nirmal ho gaya tha. usamein Bhagwad shakti ka vaas ho gaya tha. dhanush tatha baan uske haath se sahaj hi chhoot gaya. Bhagwan Shiv ki anukanpa se usaka hinsak hrudaya kaarunik bhaavon se bhar gaya. vah apne ateet ke karmon ko yaad karke pashchaataap ki jvaala mein jalne laga.

thodi hi der baad vah mrug saparivaar shikaari ke samaksh upasthit ho gaya, taaki vah unka shikaar kar sake, kintu jangali pashuon ki aisi satyata, saatvikta evam saamoohik premabhaavana dekhkar shikaari ko badi glaani hui. uske netron se aansuon ki jhadi lag gayi. us mrug parivaar ko na maarkar shikaari ne apne kathor hrudaya ko jeev hinsa se hata sada ke liye komal evam dayaalu bana liya. devalok se samast Dave samaaj bhi is ghatna ko dekh rahe the. ghatna ki parinti hote hi devi-devataaon ne pushp-varsha ki. tab shikaari tatha mrug parivaar moksh ko praapt hue'.

geinde ke foolon ki anek prakaar ki maalaayein jo Shiv ko chadhaai jaati hain.

is avsar par Bhagwan Shiv ka Abhishek anekon prakaar se kiya jaata hai. jalaabhishek : jal se aur dug‍aadhaabhishek : doodh se. bahut jaldi subah subah Bhagwan Shiv mandiron par bhakton, javaan aur boodhon ja taaainta lag jaata hai ve sabhi paaramparik shivling pooja (pooja) karne ke liye aate hain aur Bhagwan se praarthana karte hain. bhakt sooryodaya ke samay pavitra sthaanon par snaan karte hain jaise ganga, ya (khujaraaho ke Shiv saagar mein) ya kisi anya pavitra jal srot mein. yeh shuddhi ke ek anushthaan hai, jo sabhi hindu tyohaaron ka ek mahatvapoorn hissa hai. pavitra snaan ke baad svachh vastr pahane jaate hain, bhakt shivling snaan karne ke liye mandir mein paani ka bartan le jaate hain mahilaaon aur purushon donon soorya, vishnu aur Shiv ki praarthana karte hain mandiron mein ghanti aur "shankar ji ki jaya" dhvani goonjati hai. bhakt shivling ki teen ya saat baar parikrama karte hain. aur fir ke oopar khatm paani ya doodh bhi daalte hain.

Shiv puraan ke anusaar, mahaashivraatri pooja mein chhah vastuon ko avashya shaamil karna chaahiye:

• Shiv ling ka paani, doodh aur shahad ke saath Abhishek. ber ya bail ke patte jo aatma ki shuddhi ka pratinidhitv karte hain;
• sindoor ka pest snaan ke baad Shiv ling ko lagaaya jaata hai. yeh punya ka pratinidhitv karta hai;
• fal, jo deerghaayu aur ichhaaon ki santushti ko darshaate hain;
• jalati dhoop, dhan, upaj(anaaj);
• deepak jo gyaan ki praapti ke liye anukool hai;
• aur paan ke patte jo saansaarik sukhon ke saath santosh ankan karte hain.^[3]

Bhagwan Shiv ki anya paaramparik pooja

baarah jyotirling (prakaash ke ling) jo pooja ke liye Bhagwan Shiv ke pavitra dhaarmik sthal aur kendra hain. ve svayambhoo ke roop mein jaane jaate hain, jiska arth hai "swayam utpann". baarah s‍aathaanon par baarah j‍aayortiling s‍aathaapit hain.

1. somanaath yeh shivling Gujarat ke kaathiyaavaad mein sthaapit hai.

2. shri shail mallikaarjun Madras mein Krishna nadi ke kinaare parvat par sthaapit hai shri shail mallikaarjun shivling.

3. mahaakaal ujjain ke avanti nagar mein sthaapit mahaakaaleshvar shivling, jahaan shivji ne daityon ka naash kiya tha.

4. Omkaareshvar Madhya Pradesh ke dhaarmik sthal onkaareshvar mein narmada tat par parvataraaj vindhya ki kathor tapasya se khush hokar varadaane dene hue yahaan prakat hue the shivji. jahaan mamaleshvar jyotirling sthaapit ho gaya.

5. naageshvar Gujarat ke dvaarakaadhaam ke nikat sthaapit naageshvar jyotirling.

6. baijanaath Bihar ke baidyanaath dhaam mein sthaapit shivling.

7. bheemaashankar Maharashtra ki bheema nadi ke kinaare sthaapit bheemashankar jyotirling.

8. tryanmbakeshvar Nasik (Maharashtra) se 25 kilometer door tryanmbakeshvar mein sthaapit jyotirling.

9. ghumeshvar Maharashtra ke Aurangabad jile mein elora gufa ke sameep vesal gaanv mein sthaapit ghumeshvar jyotirling.

10. kedaaranaath himaalaya ka durgam kedaaranaath jyotirling. haridvaar se 150 par mil doori par sthit hai.

11. kaashi vishvanaath banaaras ke kaashi vishvanaath mandir mein sthaapit vishvanaath jyotirling.

12. raameshvaram‌ trichnaapalli (Madras) samudra tat par Bhagwan shreeraam dvaara sthaapit raameshvaram jyotirling.

madhya Bhaarat

madhya Bhaarat mein Shiv anuyaayiyon ki ek badi sankhya hai. mahaakaaleshvar mandir, (ujjain) sabse sammaananeeya Bhagwan Shiv ka mandir hai jahaaain har varsh Shiv bhakton ki ek badi mandali maha shivraatri ke din pooja-archana ke liye aati hai. jeonara,sivni ke math mandir mein va jabalapur ke tilvaada ghaat naamak do anya sthaanon par yeh tyohaar bahut dhaarmik utsaah ke saath manaaya jaata hai .

Kashmir

Kashmiri braahmanon ke liye yeh sabse mahatvapoorn tyohaar hai. yeh Shiv aur paarvati ke vivaah ke roop mein har ghar mein manaaya jaata hai. mahaashivraatri ke utsav ke 3-4 din pehle yeh shuroo ho jaata hai aur uske do din baad tak jaari rahata hai.

dakshin Bhaarat

mahaashivraatri aandhr pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu aur telangaana ke sabhi mandiron mein vyaapak roop se manaai jaati hai.

Bangladesh mein hindu mahaashivraatri manaate hain. ve Bhagwan Shiv ke divya aasheervaad praapt karne ki ummeed mein vrat rakhate hain. kai baanglaadeshi hindu is khaas din chandranaath dhaam (chitgaanv) jaate hain. baanglaadeshi hinduon ki maanyata hai ki is din vrat va pooja karne vaale stri/purush ko achha/achhi pati ya patni milti hai. is vajah se ye parv yahaaain khaasa prasiddh hai.

Nepal pashupati naath mein mahaashivraatri

mahaashivraatri ko Nepal mein va vishesh roop se pashupati naath mein mandiron mein vyaapak roop se manaaya jaata hai. mahaashivraatri ke avsar par kaathamaandoo ke pashupatinaath ke mandir par bhaktajanon ki bheed lagti hai. is avsar par Bhaarat samet vishv ke vibhinn sthaananon se jogi, evam‌ bhaktajan is mandir mein aate hain.

Shiv jinse yog parampara ki shuruaat maani jaati hai ko aadi (pratham) guru maana jaata hai. parampara ke anusaar, is raat ko grahon ki sthiti aisi hoti hai jisse maanav pranaali mein oorja ki ek shaktishaali praakrutik lahar bahti hai. ise bhautik aur aadhyaatmik roop se laabhakaari maana jaata hai isliye is raat jaagaran ki salaah bhi di gayi hai jismein shaastreeya sangeet aur nrutya ke vibhinn roop mein prashikshit vibhinn kshetron se kalaakaaron poori raat pradarshan karte hain. shivraatri ko mahilaaon ke liye vishesh roop se shubh maana jaata hai. vivaahit mahilaaeain apne pati ke sukhi jeevan ke liye praarthana karti hain va avivaahit mahilaaon Bhagwan Shiv, jinhein aadarsh pati ke roop mein maana jaata hai jaise pati ke liye praarthana karti hain..^[4]

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