madhya pradesh
 |
|
| Bhaarat ke praant | |
| rajdhani | Bhopal |
| sabse bada shahar | Indore |
| janasankhya | 72,626,809 (2011) |
| - ghanatv | 196 /kimee² |
| kshetrafal | 308,144 kimee² |
| - jile | |
| raajabhaasha(eain) | hindi |
| pratishtha | 1 November, 1956 |
| - raajyapaal | Ram naresh Yadav |
| - mukhyamantri | shivraaj Singh chauhaan |
| - vidhaanasabha | |
| aaiesao sankshep | IN-MP |
| www.mp.gov.in | |
madhya pradesh Bhaarat ka ek raajya hai, iski rajdhani Bhopal hai. madhya pradesh 1 November, 2000 tak kshetrafal ke aadhaar par Bhaarat ka sabse bada raajya tha. is din evam Madhya Pradesh ke kai nagar us se hata kar Chhattisgarh ki sthaapana hui thi. madhya pradesh ki seemaaain paanch raajyon ki seemaaon se milti hai. iske uttar mein uttar pradesh, poorv mein Chhattisgarh, dakshin mein Maharashtra, pashchim mein Gujarat, tatha uttar-pashchim mein Rajasthan hai.
anukram
vivran
Bhaarat ki sanskruti mein Madhya Pradesh jagamagaate deepak ke samaan hai, jiski roshani ki sarvatha alag prabha aur prabhaav hai. yeh vibhinn sanskrutiyon ki anekata mein ekta ka jaise aakarshak guladasta hai, Madhya Pradesh, jise prakruti ne raashtra ki vedi par jaise apne haathon se sajaakar rakh diya hai, jiska satarangi saundarya aur manamohak sugandh chaaron or fail rahe hain. yahaaain ke janapadon ki aabohava mein kala, saahitya aur sanskruti ki madhumayi suvaas tairati rahati hai. yahaaain ke lok samoohon aur janajaati samoohon mein pratidin nrutya, sangeet, geet ki rasadhaara sahaj rup se footati rahati hai. yahaaain ka har din parv ki tarah aata hai aur jeevan mein aanand ras gholakar smruti ke rup mein chala jaata hai. is pradesh ke tung-utung shail shikhar vindhya-satapuda, maikal-kaimoor ki upatyikaaon ke antar se gooainjate anek pauraanik aakhyaan aur narmada, son, sindh, chambal, betava, ken, dhasaan, tava nadi, taapti, shipra, kaali sindh aadi sar-saritaaon ke udgam aur milan ki mithkathaaon se footati sahastr dhaaraaeain yahaaain ke jeevan ko aaplaavit hi naheen karateen, balki paritrupt bhi karti hain.
sanskruti sangam
Madhya Pradesh mein paaainch lok sanskrutiyon ka samaaveshi sansaar hai. ye paaainch saaainskrutik kshetr hai-
- nimaad
- maalava
- bundelakhand
- baghelakhand
- gvaaliyr (chanbal)
pratyek saanskrutik kshetr ya bhoo-bhaag ka ek alag jeevant lokajeevan, saahitya, sanskruti, itihaas, kala, boli aur parivesh hai. Madhya Pradesh lok-sanskruti ke marmajnya vidvaan shri vasant nirgune likhte hain- "sanskruti kisi ek akele ka daaya naheen hoti, usamein poore samooh ka sakriya saamoohik daayitv hota hai. saanskrutik anchal (ya kshetr) ki iyattta isi bhaav bhoomi par khadi hoti hai. jeevan shaili, kala, saahitya aur vaachik parampara milkar kisi anchal ki saanskrutik pehchaan banaati hai."
Madhya Pradesh ki sanskruti vividhvarni hai. Gujarat, Maharashtra athva udeesa ki tarah is pradesh ko kisi bhaashaai sanskruti mein naheen pahachaana jaata. Madhya Pradesh vibhinn lok aur janajaateeya sanskrutiyon ka samaagam hai. yahaaain koi ek lok sanskruti naheen hai. yahaaain ek taraf paaainch lok sanskrutiyon ka samaaveshi sansaar hai, to doosari or anek janajaatiyon ki aadim sanskruti ka vistrut falak pasara hai.
nishkarshat: Madhya Pradesh paaainch saanskrutik kshetr nimaad, maalava, bundelakhand, baghelakhand aur gvaaliyr aur dhaar-jhaabuaa, mandala-baalaaghaat, chhindavaada, hoshangaabaad, khandava-burahaanapur, baitool, reeva-seedhi, shahadol aadi janajaateeya kshetron mein vibhkt hai.
nimaad
nimaad Madhya Pradesh ke pashchimi anchal mein sthit hai. agar iske bhaugolik seemaaon par ek drushti daalein to yeh pata chala hai ki nimaad ke ek or vindhya ki utung shail shrrunkhala aur doosari taraf satapuda ki saat upatyikaaeain hain, jabki madhya mein hai narmada ki ajastr jaladhaara. pauraanik kaal mein nimaad anoop janapad kahalaata tha. baad mein ise nimaad ki sanjnyaa di gayi. fir ise poorvi aur pashchimi nimaad ke rup mein jaana jaane laga.
maalava
maalava mahaakavi kaalidaas ki dharati hai. yahaaain ki dharati hari-bhari, dhan-dhaanya se bharpoor rahi hai. yahaaain ke logon ne kabhi bhi akaal ko naheen dekha. vindhyaachal ke pathaar par prasarit maalava ki bhoomi sasya, shyaamal, sundar aur urvar to hai hi, yahaaain ki dharati pashchim Bhaarat ki sabse adhik svarnamayi aur gauravamayi bhoomi rahi hai.
bundelakhand
ek prachalit avadhaarana ke anusaar "vah kshetr jo uttar mein yamuna, dakshin mein vindhya pleton ki shreniyon, uttar-pashchim mein chanbal aur dakshin poorv mein panna, ajamagadh shreniyon se ghira hua hai, bundelakhand ke naam se jaana jaata hai. ismein uttar pradesh ke chaar jile- jaalaun, jhaaainsi, hameerapur aur baaainda tatha madhyapredash ke paanch jile- saagar, datiya, teekamagadh, chhatarapur aur panna ke alaava uttar-pashchim mein chanbal nadi tak prasarit vistrut pradesh ka naam tha." kaningham ne "bundelakhand ke adhiktam vistaar ke samay ismein ganga aur yamuna ka samast dakshini pradesh jo pashchim mein betava nadi se poorv mein chanderi aur saagar ke jilon sahit vindhyavaasini devi ke mandir tak tatha dakshin mein narmada nadi ke muhaane ke nikat bilhaari tak prasarit tha", maana hai.
baghelakhand
baghelakhand ki dharati ka sambandh ati praacheen bhaarateeya sanskruti se raha hai. yeh bhoo-bhaag raamaayanakaal mein kosal praant ke antargat tha. mahaabhaarat ke kaal mein viraatanagar baghelakhand ki bhoomi par tha, jo aajkal sohaagapur ke naam se jaana jaata hai. Bhagwan Ram ki vanagaman yaatra isi kshetr se hui thi. yahaaain ke logon mein Shiv, shaakt aur vaishnav sampradaaya ki parampara vidyamaan hai. yahaaain naathapanthi yogiyo ka khaasa prabhaav hai. kabeer panth ka prabhaav bhi sarvaadhik hai. mahaatma kabeeradaas ke anuyaayi dharmadaas baaaindavagadh ke nivaasi thi.
gvaaliyr
Madhya Pradesh ka chanbal kshetr Bhaarat ka vah madhya bhaag hai, jahaaain bhaarateeya itihaas ki anek mahatvapoorn gatividhiyaan ghatit hui hain. is kshetr ka saanskrutik-aarthik kendra gvaaliyr shahar hai. saanskrutik rup se bhi yahaaain anek sanskrutiyon ka aavaagaman aur sangam hua hai. raajaneetik ghatnaaon ka bhi yeh kshetr har samay kendra raha hai. 1857 ka pehla svatantrata sangraam jhaaainsi ki veeraangana raani mahaaraani lakshmeebaai ne isi bhoomi par lada tha. saanskrutik gatividhiyon ka kendra gvaaliyr anchal sangeet, nrutya, moortikla, chitrakala athva lokachitr kala ho ya fir saahitya, lok saahitya ki koi vidha ho, gvaaliyr anchal mein ek vishisht sanskruti ke saath navajeevan paati rahi hai. gvaaliyr kshetr ki yahi saanskrutik halachal usaki pehchaan aur pratishtha banaane mein saksham rahi hai.
jile
madhya pradesh raajya mein kul 51 jile hain, jo nimnaanusaar hain -
- Indore jila
- aleeraajapur jila
- kharagon jila
- khanaadava jila
- ujjain jila
- chhindavaada jila
- jabalapur jila
- jhaabuaa jila
- teekamagadh jila
- datiya jila
- damoh jila
- devaas jila
- dhaar jila
- dindori jila
- narasinhapur jila
- neemach jila
- panna jila
- badvaani jila
- baalaaghaat jila
- betool jila
- burahaanapur jila
- bhind jila
- Bhopal jila
- mandala jila
- mandasaur jila
- muraina jila
- ratalaam jila
- reeva jila
- raajagadh jila
- raayasen jila
- vidisha jila
- saagar jila
- seedhi jila
- singarauli jila
- sivni jila
- saaihor jila
- satana jila
- shaahadol jila
- shyopur jila
- shivpuri jila
- shaajaapur jila
- harada jila
- hoshangaabaad jila
- chhatarapur jila
- umariya jila
- anupapur jila
- guna jila
- ashokanagar jila
- gvaaliyr jila
- katani jila
- aagar maalava
bhoogol
akshaansh -21°a6' uttareeakshaansh se 26°a30'uttareeakshaansh
deshaantar -74°a9' poorveedeshaantar se 82°a48' poorveedeshaantar
madhya pradesh mein narmada mahaakaal parvat ke amarakantak shikhar se, chambal mahu ke paas jaanaapaao parvat se, taapti nadi betul ke mulataai se niklati hai evam maahi gvaaliyr ke sameep dakshini araavali mein jayasamand jheel se praarambh hoti hai.. in mein narmada, taapti evam maahi Bhaarat ki un nadiyon mein samaavisht hai jo poorv se pashchim ki taraf bahti hain. madhya pradesh ki bhaugolik visheshata yeh bhi hai ki kark rekha 14 jilo se hokar jaati hai.
janasaankhyiki
barsh 2011 ki janaganana ke antim aakadoain ke anusaar madhya pradesh ki kul janasainkhya 72,626,809 hai[1] jisme 3,76,11,370(51.8%) purush eainv 3,49,84,645(48.2%) mahilaaeain hai Madhya Pradesh ka ligaaainnupaat 930 hai pradesh ki saaksharata 69.32% hai jo jabalapur me sarvaadhik 82.5%(followed by indore 82.2% & bhopal 82.2%) hai. janasakhya ghanatv=236/km purush saaksharata=80.5% mahila saaksharata=60.0%