kunain

kunain
sistamaitik (aaiyoopeeesi) naam
(R)-(6-meethaukseekveenolin-4-aayal)((2S,4S,8R)- 8-vinaayalkveenyooklidin-2-aayal) meethenaul
parichaayak
CAS sankhya 130-95-0
en:PubChem 8549
en:DrugBank DB00468
en:ChemSpider 84989
raasaayanik aankade
sootr C20H24N2O2
aanvik bhaar 324.417 gra./mol
bhautik aankade
galanaank 177 °aC (351 °aF)
faarmaokokaainetik aankade
jaiv upalabdhata 76 to 88%
proteen bandhan ~70%
upaapachaya hepaitik (praay: CYP3A4 evam CYP3A4-madhyasthit)
ardhaayu ~18 ghante
utsarjan reenal (20%)

kunain (IPA: /ˈaakwaɪaanaɪaan/, IPA: /kwɪaaˈaaniːaan, ˈaakwɪaaniːaan/) ek praakrutik shvet kristalaain elkalaued padaarth hota hai, jismein jvar-rodhi, maleriya-rodhi, dardanaashak (enaljesik), soojan rodhi gun hote hain. ye kvaainidaain ka steeriyo samaavayav hota hai, jo kvinaain se alag entiyerhaaimik hota hai. ye dakshin ameriki ped sinkona paudhai ki chhaal se praapt hota hai. isse kyooneen naamak maleriya bukhaar ki dava ke nirmaan mein kiya jaata hai. iske alaava bhi kuchh anya davaaon ke nirmaan mein iska prayog hota hai. ise taunik vaatar mein bhi milaaya jaata hai aur anya peya padaarthon mein milaaya jaata hai. Europe mein solahaveen shataabdi mein iska sabse pehle prayog kiya gaya tha. isaai mission se jude kuchh log ise dakshin America se lekar aae the. pehle-pahal unhonne paaya ki yeh maleriya ke ilaaj mein kaaragar hota hai, kintu baad mein yeh gyaat hone par ki yeh kuchh anya rogon ke upacha mein bhi kaam aa sakti hai, unhonne ise bade paimaane par dakshin America se laana shuroo kar diya. 1930 tak kunain maleriya ki rokathaam ke liye ekamaatr kaaragar aushadhi thi, baad mein anti maleriya teeke ka prayog bhi isse nipatne ke liye kiya jaane laga. mool shuddh roop mein kunain ek safed rang ka kristal yukt paaudar hota hai, jiska svaad kadva hota hai. ye kadva svaad hi iski pehchaan ban chuka hai. kunain paraabaingani prakaash samvedi hoti hai, va soorya ke prakaash se seedhe sampark mein fluorej ho jaati hai. aisa iski uchchastareeya kaunjugeted resonains sanrachana ke kaaran hota hai.

anukram

raasaayanik sanrachana

kunain mein do pradhaan fyoojd-ring hote hain: ek ऍromaitik kveenolin aur doosra dvichkreeya kveenyooklidaain.

pi. failsipairam ke viruddh prakriya

anya kveenolin maleriya-rodhi aushadhiyon ke sang kvinaain ki kriya ke bhaanti hi iski kriya ka bhi abhi tak poorn gyaan naheen ho paaya hai. kunain ka sarvaadhik prachalit evam maanya haaipotheesis iske nikat sambandhi aur poorn adhyayan kiye gaye kvinolin drag klorokveen par aadhaarit hai. is pratiroop mein heemojoin baayokristalaaijeshan ka inhibishn shaamil hai, jismein saaitotauksik heemi ka egreegeshan sammilit hota hai. mukt saaitotauksik heemi parajeeviyon ke shareer mein ekatrit hota jaata hai, jo unki mrutyu ka kaaran ban jaata hai.

prayog

ise taunik vaatar mein milaane ke kaaran ek samay ooshnakatibandheeya kshetron mein rahane vaale kai logon ki mrutyu ho gayi thi, jahaan ise rog-nirodhi ke roop mein prayog ke liye le jaaya gaya tha. is taunik vaatar ko anti maleriya aushadhi ke roop mein viksit kiya gaya, lekin baad mein logon ne ise madiya mein milaana shuroo kar diya kyonki isse unhein sharaab ka svaad behtar lagne lagta tha. amareeka ke efdeee dvaara kunain ko sandigdh aushadhi roop mein nishedh kar diya gaya hai.[1]

kunain

aaj ke taunik vaatar mein paryaapt maatr mein kunain naheen milaai jaati, jis kaaran yeh maleriya ke liye roganirodhak ke taur par prayog naheen hoti. kunain ko baajaar se goli ya fir taral roop mein khareeda ja sakta hai. iska prayog haddiyon ke marod mein bhi kiya jaata hai. prasav (bachche ke janm) ke dauraan garbhaashaya mein sankuchan ke liye bhi kiya jaata hai. iseeliye garbhavati mahilaaon ko kunain ka prayog naheen karna chaahiye.

krutrim kunain

sinkona ke ped abhi tak kunain ke ekamaatr vaanijyik, mitvyayi va vyavahaarik srot hain. vaise yuddhon ke samay aavashyakta ke dabaav mein iske krutrim utpaadan ke prayaas bhi kiye gaye the. iske liye ek aupachaarik raasaayanik sanshleshan ko 1944 mein Amreeki raasaayanajnya [[Robert barns vudavardaevan dablu E doring dvaara moort roop diya gaya tha.[2] tabase kai adhik daksh kvinaain total sinthesis tareeke praapt kar liye gaye hain.[3] kintu in sabhi mein se praakrutik sroton se praapt elkelaued ke aaisoleshan ki prakriya sabse sasta hai.

sandarbh

  1. ↑ efdeee, sanyukt raajya ki sifaarish
  2. ↑ vudavard aar, doring dablu (1944). "the total sinthesis of kvinaain". J Am Chem Soc 66 (849).
  3. ↑ kaufmain, teyodoro S.; rooveda, edamundo A. (2005). "Die Jagd auf Chinin: Etappenerfolge und Gesamtsiege". engevaandte kemi, int, sampaadak 117 (6): 876-907. doi:10.1002/ange.200400663.

baahari kadiyaaain


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