kshaareeya paarthiv dhaatu

kshaareeya paarthiv dhaatueain (alkaline earth metals) aavart saarani ke samooh-2 mein sthit raasaayanik tattvon vah samooh hai jismein beriliym (Be), maigneshiym (Mg), kailshiym (Ca), straunshiym (Sr), beriym (Ba) evam rediym (Ra) hain.

parichay evam itihaas

praarambh mein rasaayanajnya un padaarthon ko mruda kehte the jo adhaatueain theen aur jinpar atyadhik taap ka koi prabhaav naheen padta tha. inmein kuchh padaarthon (jaise choona) ke gun kshaaron ke gunon se bahut milte julate the. isse unhonne use 'kshaareeya mruda' naam diya. kshaareeya mruda mein choona, straunshiya aur baaraaita 1807 E. tak raasaayanik tatv samajhe jaate the. hamfri devi ne pehle pahal pramaanit kiya ki ye vastut: kailasiym, straunshiym aur beriym dhaatuon ke aaksaaid hain.

ye dhaatueain asanyukt dasha mein naheen pai jaati. inke do prakaar ke aaksaaid bante hain. ek saamaanya aaksaaid, jo ushmaakshepan ke saath jal mein ghulate hain aur doosare peraaksaaid, jo jal mein ghulakar haaidraaksaaid [R (OH)₂] banaate hain aur vaayu mein khula rakhane se kaarban daai aaksaaid ka avashoshan karte hain. dhaatuon ke donon hi aaksaaid samaakshaareeya hote hain aur amlon mein sheegra ghulakar tadanukool lavan banaate hain. tatvon ke paramaanubhaar ki vruddhi se haaidraaksaaidon ki vileyata badhti jaati hain, par salfeton ki vileyata ghatati jaati hai.

ye dhaatueain vaayu mein khuli rahane se jald upachayit ho jaati hai. inke lavan achhe manibh (kristal) banaate hain. kloraaid aur naaitret jal mein sheegra ghul jaate hain, par kaarbonet, faasfet aur salfet k m ghulate athva ghulate hi naheen.

inhein bhi dekhein

kshaareeya bhoomi (Alkaline soils)

the • va • b

aavart saarani

Group

Alkali metals

Alkaline earth metals

Pnictoagens

Chalacoagens

Haloagens

Noble gases

Period

He:

Li:

Be:

10:

Ne:

11:

Na:

12:

Mg:

13:

Al:

14:

Si:

15:

16:

17:

Cl:

18:

Ar:

19:

20:

Ca:

21:

Sc:

22:

Ti:

23:

24:

Cr:

25:

Mn:

26:

Fe:

27:

Co:

28:

Ni:

29:

Cu:

30:

Zn:

31:

Ga:

32:

Ge:

33:

As:

34:

Se:

35:

Br:

36:

Kr:

37:

Rb:

38:

Sr:

39:

40:

Zr:

41:

Nb:

42:

Mo:

43:

Tc:

44:

Ru:

45:

Rh:

46:

Pd:

47:

Ag:

48:

Cd:

49:

In:

50:

Sn:

51:

Sb:

52:

Te:

53:

54:

Xe:

55:

Cs:

56:

Ba:

72:

Hf:

73:

Ta:

74:

75:

Re:

76:

Os:

77:

Ir:

78:

Pt:

79:

Au:

80:

Hg:

81:

Tl:

82:

Pb:

83:

Bi:

84:

Po:

85:

At:

86:

Rn:

87:

Fr:

88:

Ra:

104:

Rf:

105:

Db:

106:

Sg:

107:

Bh:

108:

Hs:

109:

Mt:

110:

Ds:

111:

Rg:

112:

Cn:

113:

Uut:

114:

Fl:

115:

Uup:

116:

Lv:

117:

Uus:

118:

Uuo:

* Lanthaanides

57:

La:

58:

Ce:

59:

Pr:

60:

Nd:

61:

Pm:

62:

Sm:

63:

Eu:

64:

Gd:

65:

Tb:

66:

Dy:

67:

Ho:

68:

Er:

69:

Tm:

70:

Yb:

71:

Lu:

** Actianides

89:

Ac:

90:

Th:

91:

Pa:

92:

93:

Np:

94:

Pu:

95:

Am:

96:

Cm:

97:

Bk:

98:

Cf:

99:

Es:

100:

Fm:

101:

Md:

102:

No:

103:

Lr:

Color of the atomic number shows state of matter (at 0 °aC and 1 atm):

black=Solid

green=Liquid

red=Gas

grey=Unknown

Border shows natural occurrence of the element:

Primordial

From decay

Synthetic

Metal						Metalloid	Nonmetal			Unknown chemical properties
Alkali metal	Alkaline earth metal	Inner transition metal		Transition metal	Poor metal		Polyatomic nonmetal	Diatomic nonmetal	Noble gas
		Lanathanide	Actinide