kevalaanvayi

kevalaanvayi, nyaayadarshan mein ek prakaar ka vishesh anumaan hai. yahaaain hetu, saadhya ke saath sarvada sattaatmak roop se hi sambaddh rahata hai. nyaayadarshan ke anusaar vyaapti do prakaar se ho sakti hai- anvayamukhen tatha vyatirekamukhen. anvaya ka arth hai- tatsattve tatsatta arthaat kisi vastu ke hone par kisi vastu ki sthiti, jaise dhoom ke rahane par agni ki sthiti. vyatirek vyaapti vahaaain hoti hai jahaaain hetu tatha saadhya ka sambandh nishedhamukhen siddh hota hai. kevalaanvayi anumaan keval pratham vyaapti ke oopar hi aadhaarit rahata hai. yatha:

samast jnyaeya padaarth abhidheya hote hain (pratijnyaa),

ghat ek padaarth hai (hetuvaakya),

ataev ghat abhidheya hai (nigam).

jnyaeya ka arth hai gyaan ka vishay hona. (arthaat vah padaarth jise ham jaan sakte hain). abhidheya ka arth hai abhidha (ya sanjnyaa) ka vishay hona arthaat vah padaarth jise ham koi naam de sakte hain. jagat ka yeh niyam hai ki jnyaaanavishya hote hi padaarth ka koi na koi naam avashyamev diya jaata hai. yeh vyaapti sattaatmak roop se hi siddh ki ja sakti hai, nishedhamukhen naheen, kyonki koi bhi aisa padaarth naheen haiai jisko naam na diya ja sake. arthaat abhidheyaabhaav ko ham jnyaeyabhaav ke saath drushtaant ke abhaav mein kathamapi sambaddh naheen siddh kar sakte. isaliye ooparavaala nigman keval anvayavyaapti ke aadhaar par hi siddh kiya ja sakta hai. iseeliye ye anumaan kepalaanvayi kahalaata hai.