jhalakaari baai

gvaaliyr mein ghudsavaar ke roop mein jhalakaari baai ki pratima

jhalakaari baai (22 November 1830 - 4 April 1857) jhaaainsi ki raani lakshmeebaai ki niyamit sena mein, mahila shaakha durga dal ki senaapati theen.[1] ve lakshmeebaai ki hamashakl bhi theen is kaaran shatru ko dhokha dene ke liye ve raani ke vesh mein bhi yuddh karti theen. apne antim samay mein bhi ve raani ke vesh mein yuddh karte hue ve angrejon ke haathon pakadi gayeen aur raani ko kile se bhaag nikalne ka avsar mil gaya. unhonne pratham svaadheenata sangraam mein jhaaainsi ki raani ke saath british sena ke viruddh adbhut veerata se ladte hue british sena ke kai hamlon ko vifal kiya tha. yadi lakshmeebaai ke senaanaayakon mein se ek ne unke saath vishvaasaghaat na kiya hota to Jhansi ka kila british sena ke liye praaya: abhedya tha. jhalakaari baai ki gaatha aaj bhi bundelakhand ki lokagaathaaon aur lokageeton mein suni ja sakti hai. Bhaarat sarkaar ne 22 July 2001 mein jhalakaari baai ke sammaan mein ek daak ticket jaari kiya hai,[2] unki pratima aur ek smaarak Ajmer, Rajasthan mein nirmaanaadheen hai, uttar pradesh sarkaar dvaara unki ek pratima Agra mein sthaapit ki gayi hai, saath hi unke naam se Lucknow me ek dharmaarth chikitsaalaya bhi shuru kiya gaya hai.[1]

anukram

praarambhik jeevan

jhalakaari baai ka janm 22 November 1830 ko Jhansi ke paas ke bhojala gaaainv mein ek nirdhan koli parivaar mein hua tha. jhalakaari baai ke pita ka naam sadovar Singh aur maata ka naam jamuna devi tha. jab jhalakaari baai bahut chhoti theen tab unki maaain ki mrutyu ke ho gayi thi aur uske pita ne unhein ek ladke ki tarah paala tha. unhein ghudsavaari aur hathiyaaron ka prayog karne mein prashikshit kiya gaya tha. un dinon ki saamaajik paristhitiyon ke kaaran unhein koi aupachaarik shiksha to praapt naheen ho pai, lekin unhonein khud ko ek achhe yoddha ke roop mein viksit kiya tha. jhalakaari bachapan se hi bahut saahasi aur drudh pratijnya baalika thi. jhalakaari ghar ke kaam ke alaava pashuon ke rakharakhaav aur jungle se lakdi ikattha karne ka kaam bhi karti thi. ek baar jungle mein usaki muthabhed ek teindue ke saath ho gayi thi aur jhalakaari ne apni kulhaadi se us jaanavar ko maar daala tha. ek anya avsar par jab dakaiton ke ek giroh ne gaaainv ke ek vyavasaayi par hamla kiya tab jhalakaari ne apni bahaaduri se unhein peechhe hatne ko majaboor kar diya tha.[3] usaki is bahaaduri se khush hokar gaaainv vaalon ne usaka vivaah raani lakshmeebaai ki sena ke ek sainik pooran kori se karva diya, pooran bhi bahut bahaadur tha aur poori sena usaki bahaaduri ka loha maanati thi. ek baar Gauri pooja ke avsar par jhalakaari gaaainv ki anya mahilaaon ke saath mahaaraani ko sammaan dene jhaaainsi ke kile me gayeen, vahaaain raani lakshmeebaai unhein dekh kar avaak rah gayi kyonki jhalakaari bilkul raani lakshmeebaai ki tarah dikhteen theen (dono ke roop mein aalaukik samaanata thi). anya auraton se jhalakaari ki bahaaduri ke kisse sunakar raani lakshmeebaai bahut prabhaavit huin. raani ne jhalakaari ko durga sena mein shaamil karne ka aadesh diya. jhalakaari ne yahaaain anya mahilaaon ke saath bandook chalaana, top chalaana aur talavaarabaaji ki prashikshan liya. yeh vah samay tha jab Jhansi ki sena ko kisi bhi british dussaahas ka saamana karne ke liye majaboot banaaya ja raha tha.

svaadheenata sangraam mein bhoomika

laard dalahauji ki raajya hadapne ki neeti ke chalte, britishon ne ni:santaan lakshmeebaai ko unka uttaraadhikaari god lene ki anumati naheen di, kyonki ve aisa karke raajya ko apne niyantran mein laana chaahate the. haalaanki, british ki is kaarravaai ke virodh mein raani ke saari sena, uske senaanaayak aur Jhansi ke log raani ke saath laamaband ho gaye aur unhone aatmasamarpan karne ke bajaay britishon ke khilaaf hathiyaar uthaane ka sankalp liya. April 1858 ke dauraan, lakshmeebaai ne Jhansi ke kile ke bheetar se, apni sena ka netrutv kiya aur british aur unke sthaaneeya sahayogiyon dvaara kiye kai hamlon ko naakaam kar diya. raani ke senaanaayakon mein se ek doolheraav ne use dhokha diya aur kile ka ek sanrakshit dwaar british sena ke liye khol diya. jab kile ka patan nishchit ho gaya to raani ke senaapatiyon aur jhalakaari baai ne unhein kuchh sainikon ke saath kila chhodkar bhaagane ki salaah di. raani apne ghode par baith apne kuchh vishvast sainikon ke saath Jhansi se door nikal gain.

jhalakaari baai ka pati pooran kile ki raksha karte hue shaheed ho gaya lekin jhalakaari ne bajaay apne pati ki mrutyu ka shok manaane ke, britishon ko dhokha dene ki ek yojana banaai. jhalakaari ne lakshmeebaai ki tarah kapde pahane aur Jhansi ki sena ki kamaan apne haath me le li. jiske baad vah kile ke baahar nikal british general hyoog roj ke shivir me usase milne pahainchi. british shivir mein pahainchane par usane chillaakar kaha ki vo general hyoog roj se milna chaahati hai. roj aur uske sainik prasann the ki na sirf unhone Jhansi par kabja kar liya hai balki jeevit raani bhi unke kabje mein hai. general hyoog roj jo use raani hi samajh raha tha, ne jhalakaari baai se poochha ki uske saath kya kiya jaana chaahiye? to usane drudhta ke saath kaha,mujhe faaainsi do. general hyoog roj jhalakaari ka saahas aur usaki netrutv kshamata se bahut prabhaavit hua aur jhalakaari baai ko riha kar diya gaya. iske vipreet kuchh itihaasakaar maanate hain ki jhalakaari is yuddh ke dauraan veeragati ko praapt hui. ek bundelakhand kinvadanti hai ki jhalakaari ke is uttar se general hyoog roj dang rah gaya aur usane kaha ki "yadi Bhaarat ki 1% mahilaayein bhi uske jaisi ho jaayein to britishon ko jaldi hi Bhaarat chhodna hoga".

aitihaasik evam saahityik ullekh

mukhyadhaara ke itihaasakaaron dvaara, jhalakaari baai ke yogadaan ko bahut vistaar naheen diya gaya hai, lekin aadhunik sthaaneeya lekhakon ne unhein gumanaami se ubhaara hai. arunaachal pradesh ke raajyapaal (21-10-1993 se 16-05-1999 tak) aur shri maata prasaad ne jhalakaari baai ki jeevani ki rachana ki hai. iske alaava chokhelaal varma ne unke jeevan par ek vruhad kaavya likha hai, mohanadaas naimishraaya ne unki jeevani ko pustakaakaar diya hai[4] aur bhavaani shankar vishaarad ne unke jeevan parichay ko lipibddh kiya hai. raashtrakavi maithileesharan gupt ne jhalakaari ki bahaaduri ko nimn prakaar panktibddh kiya hai -

ja kar ran mein lalakaari thi, vah to jhaaainsi ki jhalakaari thi.
goron se ladna sikha gayi, hai itihaas mein jhalak rahi,
vah Bhaarat ki hi naari thi.

baahyasootr

sandarbh

  1. ↑ a aa "veeraangana - jhalakaari baai" (peeechapi). madhumati. http://www.lakesparadise.com/madhumati/show_artical.php?id=982. abhigman tithi: 2009.
  2. ↑ "detaabes of Indian staamps" (echateeem). kaamat pautapuri. http://www.kamat.com/database/pictures/philately/jhalkari_bai.htm. abhigman tithi: 2009.
  3. ↑ "great voomen of India" (angreji mein) (echateeem). Dakshina Kannada Philatelic and Numismatic Association. Archived from the original on 2003-04-08. http://web.archive.org/20030408190141/www.geocities.com/dakshina_kan_pa/art31/women1.htm. abhigman tithi: 2009.
  4. ↑ "veeraangana jhalakaari baai" (peeechapi). bhaarateeya saahitya sangrah. http://pustak.org/bs/home.php?bookid=3218. abhigman tithi: 2009.
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