javaaharalaal Nehru

javaaharalaal Nehru

Bhaarat ke pratham pradhaanamantri
kaaryakaal 15 August 1947 – 27 May 1964
paravarti	gulajaareelaal nanda (kaaryakaari)

janm	14 November 1889 Allahabad, uttar pradesh
mrutyu	27 May 1964
raajanaitik dal	Congress
jeevan sangi	kamala Nehru
hastaakshar

javaaharalaal neharu (November 14, 1889 - May 27, 1964) ka janm uttar pradesh ke Allahabad mein hua tha. ve svatantr Bhaarat ke pratham pradhaanamantri the.

anukram

jeevan

Jawahar laal Nehru ka janm Allahabad mein ek dhanaadhya vakeel Motilal Nehru ke ghar hua tha. unki maaain ka naam svaroop raani Nehru tha. vah Motilal Nehru ke ikalaute putr the. inke alaava moti laal Nehru ki teen putriyaan theen. Nehru Kashmiri vansh ke saarasvat braahman the.

javaaharalaal Nehru ne duniya ke kuchh behatareen schoolon aur vishvavidyaalayon mein shiksha praapt ki thi. unhonne apni schooli shiksha hairo se aur college ki shiksha triniti college, London se poori ki thi. iske baad unhonne apni law ki degree Cambridge vishvavidyaalaya se poori ki. England mein unhonne saat saal vyateet kiye jismein vahaan ke faibiyn samaajavaad aur aayarish raashtravaad ke liye ek tarkasangat drushtikon viksit kiya.

javaaharalaal Nehru 1912 mein Bhaarat laute aur vakaalat shuroo ki. 1916 mein unki shaadi kamala Nehru se hui. 1917 mein Jawahar laal Nehru hom rul leega‎ mein shaamil ho gaye. raajaneeti mein unki asli deeksha do saal baad 1919 mein hui jab ve mahaatma Gandhi ke sampark mein aae. us samay mahaatma Gandhi ne raulet adhiniyam ke khilaaf ek abhiyaan shuroo kiya tha. Nehru, mahaatma Gandhi ke sakriya lekin shaantipoorn, savinya avajnyaa aandolan ke prati khaase aakarshit hue.

Nehru ne mahaatma Gandhi ke upadeshon ke anusaar apne parivaar ko bhi dhaal liya. javaaharalaal aur Motilal Nehru ne pashchimi kapadon aur mahangi sampatti ka tyaag kar diya. ve ab ek khaadi kurta aur gaaaindhi topi pahanane lage. Jawahar laal Nehru ne 1920-1922 mein asahayog aandolan mein sakriya hissa liya aur is dauraan pehli baar giraftaar kiye gaye. kuchh maheenon ke baad unhein riha kar diya gaya.

javaaharalaal Nehru 1924 mein Allahabad nagar nigam ke adhyaksh chune gaye aur unhonne shahar ke mukhya kaaryakaari adhikaari ke roop mein do varsh tak seva ki. 1926 mein unhonne british adhikaariyon se sahayog ki kami ka havaala dekar isteefa de diya.

1926 se 1928 tak, Jawahar laal Nehru ne akhil bhaarateeya Congress samiti ke mahaasachiv ke roop mein seva ki. 1928-29 mein, Congress ke vaarshik satr ka aayojan Motilal Nehru ki adhyakshata mein kiya gaya. us satr mein javaaharalaal Nehru aur subhaash chandr Bose ne poori raajaneetik svatantrata ki maang ka samarthan kiya, jabki Motilal Nehru aur anya netaaon ne british saamraajya ke bheetar hi prabhutv sampann raajya ka darja paane ki maang ka samarthan kiya. mudde ko hal karne ke liye, Gandhi ne beech ka raasta nikaala aur kaha ki Britain ko Bhaarat ke raajya ka darja dene ke liye do saal ka samay diya jaaega aur yadi aisa naheen hua to Congress poorn raajaneetik svatantrata ke liye ek raashtreeya sangharsh shuroo karegi. Nehru aur Bose ne maang ki ki is samay ko kam kar ke ek saal kar diya jaae. british sarkaar ne iska koi javaab naheen diya.

December 1929 mein, Congress ka vaarshik adhiveshan Lahore mein aayojit kiya gaya jismein javaaharalaal Nehru Congress party ke adhyaksh chune gaye. isi satr ke dauraan ek prastaav bhi paarit kiya gaya jismein 'poorn svaraajya' ki maang ki gayi. 26 January 1930 ko Lahore mein javaaharalaal Nehru ne svatantr Bhaarat ka jhanda faharaaya. Gandhi ji ne bhi 1930 mein savinya avajnyaa aandolan ka aahvaan kiya. aandolan khaasa safal raha aur isne british sarkaar ko pramukh raajaneetik sudhaaron ki aavashyakta ko sveekaar karne ke liye majaboor kar diya.

jab british sarkaar ne Bhaarat adhiniyam 1935 prakhyaapit kiya tab Congress party ne chunaav ladne ka faisala kiya. Nehru chunaav ke baahar rahe lekin joron ke saath party ke liye raashtravyaapi abhiyaan chalaaya. Congress ne lagbhag har praant mein sarkaaron ka gathan kiya aur kendreeya assembly mein sabse jyaada seaton par jeet haasil ki.

Nehru Congress ke adhyaksh pad ke liye 1936 aur 1937 mein chune gaye the. unhein 1942 mein Bhaarat chhodo aandolan ke dauraan giraftaar bhi kiya gaya aur 1945 mein chhod diya gaya. 1947 mein Bhaarat aur Pakistan ki aajaadi ke samay unhonne angreji sarkaar ke saath hui vaartaaon mein mahattvapoorn bhaageedaari ki.

Bhaarat ke pratham pradhaanamantri

san 1947 mein Bhaarat ko aajaadi milne par jab bhaavi pradhaanamantri ke liye Congress mein matadaan hua to to sardaar Patel ko sarvaadhik mat mile. uske baad sarvaadhik mat aachaarya krupalaani ko mile the. kintu Gandhiji ke kehne par sardaar Patel aur aachaarya krupalaani ne apna naam vaapas le liya aur Jawahar laal Nehru ko pradhaanamantri banaaya gaya.

1947 mein ve svatantr Bhaarat ke pehle pradhaanamantri bane. angrejon ne kareeb 500 deshi riyaasaton ko ek saath svatantr kiya tha aur us vakt sabse badi chunauti thi unhein ek jhande ke neeche laana. unhonne Bhaarat ke punargathan ke raaste mein ubhari har chunauti ka samajhadaari poorvak saamana kiya. javaaharalaal Nehru ne aadhunik Bhaarat ke nirmaan mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika ada ki. unhonne yojana aayog ka gathan kiya, vigyaan aur praudyogiki ke vikaas ko protsaahit kiya aur teen lagaataar panchavarsheeya yojanaaon ka shubhaaranbh kiya. unki neetiyon ke kaaran desh mein krushi aur udyog ka ek naya yug shuru hua. Nehru ne Bhaarat ki videsh neeti ke vikaas mein ek pramukh bhoomika nibhaai.

Jawahar laal Nehru ne josip baroj tito aur abdul gamaal naasir ke saath milkar Asia aur Africa mein upaniveshavaad ke khaatme ke liye ek gut nirpeksh aandolan ki rachana ki. vah Koreai yuddh ka ant karne, svej nahar vivaad sulajhaane aur kaango samjhaute ko moortaroop dene jaise anya antararaashtreeya samasyaaon ke samaadhaan mein madhyasth ki bhoomika mein rahe. pashchim barlin, ostriya aur laaos ke jaise kai anya visfotak muddon ke samaadhaan mein parde ke peechhe rah kar bhi unka mahatvapoorn yogadaan raha. unhein varsh 1955 mein Bhaarat ratn se sammanit kiya gaya.

lekin Nehru Pakistan aur cheen ke saath Bhaarat ke sambandhon mein sudhaar naheen kar paae. Pakistan ke saath ek samjhaute tak pahuainchane mein Kashmir mudda aur cheen ke saath mitrata mein seema vivaad raaste ke patthar saabit hue. Nehru ne cheen ki taraf mitrata ka haath bhi badhaaya, lekin 1962 mein cheen ne dhokhe se aakraman kar diya. Nehru ke liye yeh ek bada jhatka tha aur shaayad unki maut bhi isi kaaran hui. 27 May 1964 ko javaaharalaal Nehru ko dil ka daura pada jismein unki mrutyu ho gayi.

aalochna

bahut se logon ka vichaar hai ki Nehru ne anya netaaon ki tulana mein Bhaarat ke svatantrata sangraam mein bahut kam yogadaan diya tha. fir bhi Gandhiji ne unhe Bhaarat ka pratham pradhaanamantri bana diya. svatantrata ke baad kai dashakon tak bhaarateeya lokatantr mein satta ke sootradhaaron ne prakaaraantar se desh mein raajatantr chalaaya, vichaaradhaara ke sthaan par vyakti pooja ko pratishthit kiya aur tathaakathit lokapriyta ke prabhaamandal se aaveshtit rah lokahit ki poornat: upeksha ki. April 2015 mein yeh bhi khulaasa hua ki svatantrata ke baad Nehru ne bees varshon tak aaibi dvaara netaaji ke sambandhiyon ki jaasoosi karaayi. ^[1]

sandarbh

↑ Bose se darate the Nehru, jaasoosi maamale ki SIT jaanch ho: chandra Bose (jaagaran)