hindu kush
| hindu kush | |
| Range | |
afgaanistaan mein hindu kush ka najaara
|
|
| desh | afgaanistaan, Pakistan |
|---|---|
| kshetr | Pak-afgaan seema |
| uchchatam bindu | tirich meer |
| - ooainchaai | 7,690 mi. (25,230 feet) |
| - nirdeshaank | 36°a14′a45″aN 71°a50′a38″aE / 36.24583°aN 71.84389°aE |
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hindu kush uttari Pakistan se madhya afgaanistaan tak vistrut ek 800 kimi chalne waali parvat shrunkhala hai. iska sabse ooaincha pahaad Pakistan ke khaibar-pakhtoonakhva praant ke chitraal jile mein sthit 7,708 meter (25,289 fut) lamba tirich meer parvat hai.[1] hindu kush paameer parvaton se jaakar judte hain aur himaalaya ki ek upashaakha maane jaate hain. hindu kush ka doosra sabse ooaincha pahaad noshak parvat aur teesara istor-O-nal hai.[2][3] hindu kush pahaadon ki atyaadhik ooainchaai ke baavajood is shrunkhala mein bahut se darre hain jinse is shrunkhala se logon ka aana-jaana sadiyon se bana hua hai.[4]
naam
hindu kush parvaton ko sanskrut mein 'paariyaatr parvat' bulaaya jaata tha. jab is ilaake mein sikandar mahaan ki jeet hui to in parvaton ko yoonaani bhaasha mein 'kaukaasosh indikaush' (Κaaαaaύaaκaaαaaσaaοaaς Ιaaνaaδaaιaaκaaόaaς, Caucasus Indicus) yaani 'bhaarateeya parvat' bulaaya jaane laga.[5] baad mein inka naam 'hindu kush', 'hindu kuh' aur 'kuh-A-hindu' pada. 'kuh' ya 'koh' ka matlab to faarasi mein 'pahaad' hota hai lekin 'kush' ke matlab ko lekar vivaad hai. san 1333 isavi mein ibn batoota ke anusaar iska matlab 'maarane wala' tha. iska taatparya yeh nikaala gaya ki uttari bhaarateeya upamahaadveep par arabon-turkon ke kbje ke baad hinduon ko gulaam banaakar in parvaton se le jaaya jaata tha aur unamein se bahut yahaaain barf mein mar jaaya karte the. iske vipreet kuchh vidvaanon ke anusaar 'kush' keval 'kuh' ka ek aur roop hai, ya fir 'hindu kash' ya 'hindu kesh' ka bigda roop hai, jiska matlab 'Bhaarat ki seema' niklata hai.[6] yeh bhi ho sakta hai ki yeh 'kaukaasosh indikaush' vaale yoonaani naam ka do hajaar varshon ke baad ka bigda hua roop ho. dhyaan dein ki hindu kush aur karaakoram parvaton ke beech ek hindu raaj naamak parvat shrunkhala bhi hai.[4]
inhein bhi dekhein
sandarbh
- ↑ Himalaya, Michael Palin, Basil Pao, Macmillan, 2005, ISBN 978-0-312-34162-6, ... the solitary bulk of Tirich Mir, 25228 feet (7708 m), the highest mountain in the Hindu Kush ...
- ↑ Discover Afghanistan, Richard Spilsbury, The Rosen Publishing Group, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4488-6619-9, ... Highest Point: Noshak 24557 feet (7485 m) ...
- ↑ Joseph E. Murphy, Jr., 'The Ascent of Istor-o-Nal', American Alpine Journal, 1956, pp. 66-74.
- ↑ a aa World and Its Peoples, Marshall Cavendish, Marshall Cavendish, 2006, ISBN 978-0-7614-7571-2, ... In Pakistan, a separate range — the Hindu Raj — runs south of, and parallel to, the Hindu Kush. A series of high passes penetrates the Hindu Kush, which is less of a barrier to the movement of peoples than its great height might suggest ...
- ↑ Sources of history in the Pentateuch, Samuel Colcord Bartlett, A.D.F. Randolph & company, 1883, ... the Indian Caucasus is still called Hindu-Cush. So the clearer and obscurer expressions, Kash and Kush are interchanged with each other, a fact which can be confirmed by those Indoscythian ...
- ↑ The Afghans, Willem Vogelsang, Wiley-Blackwell, 2002, ISBN 978-0-631-19841-3, ... Ibn Battuta (AD 1304-77), who visited this part of the world in the early 1330s, tells us '[t]the moutain is called Hindu Kush, which means 'Slayer of Indias', because the slave boys and girls who are brought from India dies there in large numbers ... The name may also be a corruption of Hindu Kuh (Mountain of Hindu) ...
| vishv ke parvat |
| aalps | etalas | endeej | rauki | yooraal | himaalaya | hindu kush | |