guramukhi lipi

is lekh mein sandarbh ya sootr naheen diye gaye hain.
krupaya vishvasaneeya sootron ke sandarbh jodkar is lekh mein sudhaar karein. bina sootron ki saamagri ko hataaya ja sakta hai. (May 2016)

guramukhi lipi (ਗaaੁaaਰaaਮaaੁaaਖaaੀ ਲaaਿaaਪaaੀ) ek lipi hai jismein punjabi bhaasha likhi jaati hai.

guramukhi ka arth hai gurooon ke mukh se nikli hui. avashya hi yeh shabd 'vaani' ka dyotak raha hoga, kyonki mukh se lipi ka koi sambandh naheen hai. kintu vaani se chalakar us vaani ki aksharon ke liye yeh naam roodh ho gaya. is prakaar gurooon ne apne prabhaav se Punjab mein ek bhaarateeya lipi ko prachalit kiya. varana sindh ki tarah Punjab mein bhi faarasi lipi ka prachalan ho raha tha aur vahi bana rah sakta tha.

is lipi mein teen svar aur 32 vyanjan hain. svaron ke saath maatraaeain jodkar anya svar bana liye jaate hain. inke naam hain uda, aaya, idi, saasa, haaha, kaka, khakha ityaadi. antim akshar daada hai. chhathe akshar se kavarg aarambh hota hai aur shesh aksharon ka (va) tak vahi kram hai jo devanaagari varnamaala mein hai. maatraaon ke roop aur naam is prakaar hain. t ke saath (mukta), ta (kanna), ti (syaari), ti (bihaari), t (aink de), t (dulainkade), te (laavaaain), tai (dolaavaaain), (hoda), (kanauda), (tippi), t: (bidai). is varnamaala mein praaya: sanyukt akshar naheen hain. yadyapi anek sanyukt dhvaniyaaain vidyamaan hain.

anukram

guramukhi varnamaala

guramukhi lipi mein 35 varn hote hain. pehle teen varn bilkul khaas hain kyonki kyonki ve svar varnon ke aadhaar hote hain. sirf aira ko chhodkar baaki pehle teen varn akele kaheen naheen prayukt hote. vistaar se samajhne ke liye svar varn ko dekhein.

guramukhi-devanaagari tulana

ਕ --- k ਖ --- kh ਗ --- g ਘ --- gh ਙ --- ङ	ਚ --- ch ਛ --- chh ਜ --- j ਝ --- jh ਞ --- nya	ਟ --- t ਠ --- th ਡ --- d ਢ --- dh ਣ --- n	ਤ --- t ਥ --- th ਦ --- the ਧ --- dh ਨ --- na	ਪ --- p ਫ --- f ਬ --- b ਭ --- bh ਮ --- m	ਯ --- ya ਰ --- r ਲ --- l ਵ --- va	ਸaa਼ --- sh ਸ --- s ਹ --- h ੜ --- d

਼ --- ੍ --- ਾ --- a ਿ --- i ੀ --- i ੁ --- u ੂ --- oo ੇ --- e ੈ --- ai ੋ --- o ੌ --- au ਂ --- n ੰ --- n	ਅ --- a ਆ --- aa ਇ --- i ਈ --- E ਉ --- u ਊ --- oo ਏ --- A ਐ --- ai ਓ --- O ਔ --- au	੦ --- 0 ੧ --- 1 ੨ --- 2 ੩ --- 3 ੪ --- 4 ੫ --- 5 ੬ --- 6 ੭ --- 7 ੮ --- 8 ੯ --- 9

tippani

krupaya dhyaan dein ki akshar-roop milne ke baavajood punjabi dvaara guramukhi aur hindi dvaara devanaagari ke prayog mein kuchh mahatvapoorn antar hain:

guramukhi mein kuchh praacheen shabdon ki antim maatraaeain uchchaarit naheen hoti. yadi punjabi ka ek paaramparik abhivaadan dekha jaae - 'ਸaaਤaaਿ ਸaa਼aa੍aaਰaaੀ ਅaaਕaaਾaaਲ' - to iska seedha devanaagari parivartan 'sati shri akaal' niklata hai lekin ise 'sat shri akaal' padha jaata hai.
mahaapraan vyanjanon mein shvaas aksar hataaya jaata hai aur sur dvaara aksharon mein bhed dikhaaya jaata hai. isliye kaha jaata hai ki punjabi ek surabhedi bhaasha hai. aksar anya hind-aarya bhaashaaoain ke bolne vaale jab punjabi bolte hain to unke sur hindi-jaise hote hain, jinse punjabi maatrubhaashiyon ko unka bolne ka lahaja krutrim lagta hai. masalan:
- ਘaaੋaaੜaaਾ - yaani ashv. iska naagari 'ghoda' hai lekin iska sahi uchchaaran 'koda' hai jismein bolte hue sur bhaari hokar halka kiya jaata hai (yaani girta-uthata hai).
- ਕaaੋaaੜaaਾ - yaani chaabuk. iska naagari 'koda' hai aur uchchaaran bhi sur ko saamaanya rakhakar 'koda' hota hai.

guramukhi akshar

naam		uchchaaran	naam		uchchaaran	naam		uchchaaran	naam		uchchaaran	naam		uchchaaran
ੳ	ura		ਅ	aira		ੲ	iri		ਸ	soossa	s	ਹ	haha	h
ਕ	kakka	k	ਖ	khakkha	kh	ਗ	gagga	g	ਘ	ghagga	gh	ਙ	unga	ङ
ਚ	chachcha	ch	ਛ	chhachhha	chh	ਜ	jajja	j	ਝ	jhajja	jh	ਞ	neya	nya
ਟ	tainaka	t	ਠ	thaththa	th	ਡ	dadda	d	ਢ	dhadda	dh	ਣ	naahana	n
ਤ	tatta	t	ਥ	thattha	th	ਦ	dadda	the	ਧ	dhadda	dh	ਨ	nanna	na
ਪ	pappa	p	ਫ	fappa	f	ਬ	babba	b	ਭ	bhabba	bh	ਮ	mamma	m
ਯ	yayya	ya	ਰ	raara	r	ਲ	lalla	l	ਵ	vaava	va	ੜ	raadha	d

guramukhi ka yoonikod

guramukhi lipi ki yoonikod range U+0A00 se U+0A7F tak hai. guramukhi ke liye yoonikod ka prayog shuru hue abhi jyaada din naheen hue hain. punjabi ke jyaadaatar jaalagharon ne abhi yoonikod naheen apnaaya hai.

Gurmukhi^{[[#endnote_U0A00_as_of_Unicode_version{{{3}}}\|[1]]]} Unicode.org chart (PDF)
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	A	B	C	D	E	F
U+0A0x		ਁ	ਂ	ਃ		ਅ	ਆ	ਇ	ਈ	ਉ	ਊ					ਏ
U+0A1x	ਐ			ਓ	ਔ	ਕ	ਖ	ਗ	ਘ	ਙ	ਚ	ਛ	ਜ	ਝ	ਞ	ਟ
U+0A2x	ਠ	ਡ	ਢ	ਣ	ਤ	ਥ	ਦ	ਧ	ਨ		ਪ	ਫ	ਬ	ਭ	ਮ	ਯ
U+0A3x	ਰ		ਲ	ਲ਼		ਵ	ਸ਼		ਸ	ਹ			਼		ਾ	ਿ
U+0A4x	ੀ	ੁ	ੂ					ੇ	ੈ			ੋ	ੌ	੍
U+0A5x		ੑ								ਖ਼	ਗ਼	ਜ਼	ੜ		ਫ਼
U+0A6x							੦	੧	੨	੩	੪	੫	੬	੭	੮	੯
U+0A7x	ੰ	ੱ	ੲ	ੳ	ੴ	ੵ
tippani 1.^ yoonikod sanskaran 6.3 ke anusaar

sandarbh

yeh bhi dekhein

baahari kadiyaaain

guramukhi lipi ko devanaagari lipi mein badalne wala program-01 (daaunalod keejiye)
guramukhi lipi ko devanaagari lipi mein badalne wala program-02 (daaunalod keejiye)
guramukhi lipi (sangat sansaar)
Comparative Study of Hindi and Punjabi Language Scripts