ganiteeya saarani

saadhaaran laghuganak (common logarithm) ki saarani ka ek bhaag

ganiteeya saarani, ganit ki kisi ganana mein upayog mein aane waali soochi hoti hai jismein kisi char (arguments) ke alag-alag maanon ke sangat ek ya adhik sankhyaaen di gayi hoti hain. ye sankhyaaen kisi ganana (jaise konon ke jya falan ka maan) ke parinaam hoti hain. inke upayog se ganana aasaani se aur teji se ho jaati thi. kintu 1970 ke dashak ke baad elektraunik kailakuletar ke aane ke baad inka prayog bahut hi kam aur seemit ho gaya hai.

pahaada, ganiteeya saarani ka sabse saral udaaharan hai. laghuganakeeya saarani, trikonamitteeya falanon ki saaraniyaaain, gaama falan ki saaraniyaaain aadi anya udaaharan hain.

ganit nidrshanaatmak vigyaan (demonstrative science) hai. falasvaroop iski vistrut prayojyata ke kaaran bahut pehle hi saaraneekrut maanon ke kulakon, arthaat ganiteeya saaraniyon, ki aavashyakta anubhav ki gayi, jisse sanganana kam karni pade. iska mukhya shreya aarthar Kelly (Arthur Cayley, 1881-1895) ko mila, jisne vigyaan ke utkarsh ke liye british aisosiyeshan dvaara san 1873 mein prakaashit, James dablyoo. A. gleshar (Glaisher) dvaara likhit, ganiteeya saaraniyon par vistrut vivran ke aadhaar par inka nirmaan kiya. kintu vigyaan ka uttarottar vikaas hone se upuryakt saarani ki upaadeyata kramash: kam hone lagi thi. ataev san 1940 mein amareeka ki raashtreeya anusandhaan samiti ne remand si. aarchibaald (Archibald) ki adhyakshata mein sanganana ki nai pranaali tatha nae saadhanon ki udabhaavana ki jinse saaraniyaaain adhik sookshm tatha upayogi ho sakein. samiti ne nimnalikhit vargeekaran sveekaar kiya:

(k) ankaganiteeya saaraniyaaain, ganiteeya sthiraank,

(kh) ghaat,

(g) laghuganak,

(gh) vrutteeya falan,

(d) atipravalayik tatha ghaateeya falan,

(ch) sankhyaasiddhaant,

(chh) uchchatar beejaganit,

(j) sameekaranon ke sankhyaatmak hal,

(jh) parimit antar,

(nya) shreni sankalan,

(t) saankhyiki,

(th) uchchatar ganiteeya falan,

(d) samaakal,

(dh) byaaj tatha nivesh,

(n) beema vigyaan,

(t) injineeyari,

(th) jyotish,

(the) bhooganit,

(gh) bhautiki,

(na) rasaayan,

(p) naavikvidya aur

(f) gananaayantr tatha yaantrik sanganana.

adhikaansh ganiteeya saaraniyaaain ek maaneeya falan f(x) ke svatantr char x ke ek kulak ke liye banaai jaati hain, yatha laghu ya (log x), sparshajya ya (tan x) ityaadi. saarani mein ankit sankhyaaeain pravishtiyaaain tatha saaraneekrut maan konaank (argument) kahalaate hain. is prakaar ki saarani (array) arthaat x ke kulak ke liye f (x) ke maan ikahari pravishtisaarani kahalaati hai.

• pahaada
• saarani (soochana)
• satya saarani (Truth table)
• ganiteeya upakarnikaaeain (mathematical instruments)

• Mathematical Table Generator -- generates addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and trigonometric tables using JavaScript.
• Handbook of mathematical, scientific, and engineering formulas, tables...

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