devika raani

is lekh mein sandarbh ya sootr naheen diye gaye hain. krupaya vishvasaneeya sootron ke sandarbh jodkar is lekh mein sudhaar karein. bina sootron ki saamagri ko hataaya ja sakta hai. (June 2015)

devika raani (janm: 30 March, 1908 nidhan: 8 March, 1994) hindi filmon ki ek abhinetri hain. ni:sandeh bhaarateeya cinema ke liye devika raani ka yogadaan apoorv raha hai aur yeh hamesha hamesha yaad rakha jaayega. jis jamaane mein Bhaarat ki mahilaayein ghar ki chaaradeevaari ke bheetar bhi ghoonghat mein muainh chhupaaye rahati theen, devika raani ne chalachitron mein kaam karke adamya saahas ka pradarshan kiya tha. unhein unke adviteeya sundarata ke liye bhi yaad kiya jaata rahega.

devika raani, bhaarateeya rajatapat ki pehli naayika, ka janm vaalteyar (vishaakhaapattanam) mein hua tha. ve vikhyaat kavi shri raveendranaath Tagore ke vansh se sambandhit theen, shri Tagore unke chachere paradaada the. devika raani ke pita Colonel ema॰aena॰ chaudhari Madras (ab chennai) ke pehle 'surgeon general' the. unki maata ka naam shreemati leela chaudhari tha.

school ki shiksha samaapt karne ke baad 1920 ke dashak ke aaranbhik varshon mein devika raani naatya shiksha grahan karne ke liye London chali gain aur vahaaain ve 'royal ekedami of draametik Art' (RADA) aur royal 'ekedami of myujik' naamak sansthaaon mein bharti ho gain. vahaaain unhein 'skaalaraship' bhi pradaan kiya gaya. unhonne 'aarkitekchar', 'teksataail' evam 'dekor design' vidhaaon ka bhi adhyayan kiya aur 'Elizabeth aardan' mein kaam karne lageen.

adhyayan kaal ke madhya devika raani ki mulaakaat himaanshu rai se hui. himaanshu rai ne devika raani ko laait of Asia naamak apne pehle production ke liya set designer bana liya. san 1929 mein un donon ne vivaah kar liya. vivaah ke baad himaanshu rai ko Germany ke prakhyaat yoo॰aefa॰aA॰ studio mein 'A throw of daais' naamak film banaane ke liye nirmaata ka kaam mil gaya aur ve sapatneek Germany aa gaye.

Bhaarat mein bhi un dinon chalachitr nirmaan ka vikaas hone lag gaya tha at: himaanshu rai apne desh mein film banaane ka vichaar karne lage aur ve devika raani ke saath svadesh vaapas aa gaye. Bhaarat aakar unhonne filmein banaana shuroo kar diya aur unki filmon mein devika raani naayika ka kaam karne lageen. san 1933 mein unki film karma pradarshit hui aur itni lokapriya hui ki log devika raani ko kalaakaar ke sthaan par star sitaara kehne lage| is tarah devika raani bhaarateeya cinema ki pehli mahila film star bani.

devika raani aur unke pati himaanshu rai ne milkar baanbe taakeej studio ki sthaapana ki jo ki Bhaarat ke pratham film studion mein se ek hai. baanbe taakeej ko Germany se mangaaye gaye us samay ke atyaadhunik ukaranon se susajjit kiya gaya. ashok Kumar, dileep Kumar, madhubaala jaise mahaan kalaakaaron ne baanbe taakeej mein kaam kar chuke hai. achhoot kanya, kismat, shaheed, mela jaise atyant lokapriya filmon ka nirmaan vahaaain par hua hai. achhoot kanya unki bahucharchit film rahi hai kyonki vah film ek achhoot kanya aur ek braahman yuva ke prem prasang par aadhaarit thi|

san 1940 mein devika raani vidhva ho gain. baanbe taakeej ka sampoorn sanchaalan unke pati himaanshu rai kiya karte the. devika raani ne apne studio baanbe taakeej ke sanchaalan ke liye ji jaan lada diya parantu san 1943 mein sashadhar aur ashok Kumar tatha anya vishvasaneeya logon ke studio se naata tod lene ki vajah se ve asahaaya ho gain. un logon ne baanbe taakeej se sambandh samaapt karke filmistaan naamak naya studio bana liya. parinaamasvaroop devika raani ko filmon se apna naata todna pada| unhonne roosi chitrakaar svetoslaav raurik ke saath san 1945 mein vivaah kar liya aur bangalaur mein jaakar bas gain.

devika raani ka antim sanskaar sampoorn raajakeeya sammaan ke saath kiya gaya tha.

Bhaarat ke raashtrapati ne san 1958 mein devika raani ko padmashri sammaan pradaan kiya. unhein san 1970 mein pratham baar daada saaheb faalke puraskaar praapt karne ka gaurav bhi mila|