daadara aur nagar haveli
 |
|
| Bhaarat ke praant | |
| rajdhani | silvaasa |
| sabse bada shahar | silvaasa |
| janasankhya | 342,853 (2011) |
| - ghanatv | 704 /kimee² |
| kshetrafal | 491 kimee² |
| - jile | 1 |
| raajabhaasha(eain) | hindi, gujaraati,maraathi, angreji |
| pratishtha | 11 August 1961 |
| - raajyapaal | shri bi.S.bhallaah |
| - mukhyamantri | - |
| - vidhaanasabha | - |
| aaiesao sankshep | IN-DN |
| http://www.dnh.nic.in | |
daadara aur nagar haveli (gujaraati: દaaાaaદaaરaaા અaaનaaે નaaગaaર હaaવaaેaaલaaી, maraathi: daadara aani nagar haveli, purtagaali : Dadrá e Nagar Aveli) Bhaarat ka ek keindrashaasit pradesh hain. yeh dakshini Bhaarat mein Maharashtra aur Gujarat ke beech stith hai, haalaaainki daadara, jo ki is pradesh ki ek taaluka hai, kuchh kilometer door Gujarat mein stith ek videshi ant: kshetr hai. silvaasa is pradesh ki rajdhani hai. yeh kshetr daman se 10 se 30 kilometer door hai. [1]
is pradesh par 1779 tak maraathaaon ka aur fir 1954 tak purtagaali saamraajya ka saashan tha. is sangh ko Bhaarat mein 11 August 1961 mein shaamil kiya gaya.[2] 2 August ko mukti diwas ke roop mein manaaya jaata hai.[3]
daadara aur nagar ghaveli pramukh roop se graameen kshetr hai jisme 62% se adhik aadivaasi rahate hai.[4] sangh raajya kshetr 40 pratishat hissa aarakshit vanon se ghira hai jo naana prakaar ke vanaspati aur pashu ko nivaas pradaan karte hai.[5] samudri tat se sameepata ke kaaran, garmiyon mein taapamaan jyaada oopar naheen jaata. damanaganga yahaaain ki pramukh nadi hai jo arab saagar mein jaakar milti hai.
ghane van tatha anukool jalavaayu ko dekhte hue yahaaain paryatan kshetr ko uchaach praathamikta di gayi hai. yatrio ke thaharane ke liye anek hotels aur resorts maujood hai. paryatan ko badhaava dene ke liye har saal taarapa utsav, patang utsav aur vishv paryatan diwas aadi aayojit kiye jaate hain.[2]paryatan sthal hone ke saath saath ye ek mahatvapoorn odyogik kendra bhi hai. pradesh mein kul teen odyogik vyayasthaapan maujood hain jinme kul 290 plaat hain.[6]
anukram
itihaas
daadara aur nagar haveli ka gahra itihaas hamlaavar rajput raajaaon dvaara kshetr ke Kohli saradaaron ki haar ke saath shuroo hota hai. maraathon ne raajapooton ko hara kar 18veen sadi ke madhya mein apna saashan sthaapit kiya. maraathon aur purtagaaliyon ke beech lambe sangharsh ke baad 17 December 1779 ko maraatha peshava maadhav Rao II[7][8] ne mitrata sunishchit karne ke khaatir is pradesh ke 79 gaavon ko 12,000 rupae ka raajasv kshatipoorti ke taur par purtagaaliyon ko saunp diya. janta dvaara 2 August,1954 ko mukt karaane tak purtagaaliyon ne is pradesh par shaasan kiya. 1954 se 1961 tak yeh pradesh lagbhag svatantr roop se kaam karta raha jise 'svatantr daadara env nagar haveli prashaasan' ne chalaaya. lekin 11 August 1961 ko yeh pradesh bhaarateeya sangh mein shaamil ho gaya aur tab se Bhaarat sarkaar ek keindrashaasit pradesh ke roop mein iska prashaasan kar rahi hai. Portugal ke changul se is kshetr ki mukti ke baad se 'varishth panchaayat' prashaasan ki paraamarshadaatri sanstha ke roop mein kaarya kar rahi thi parantu ise 1989 mein bhang kar diya gaya aur akhil bhaarateeya star par samvidhaan sanshodhan ke anuroop daadara aur nagar haveli jila panchaayat aur 11 gram panchaayaton ki ek pradesh parishad gathit kar di gayi.[2]
purtagaali saashan se mukti
Bhaarat ki 1947 mein aajaadi ke baad, purtagaali praanton mein sakriya svatantrata senaani tatha dusare sthaanon ke base bhaarateeyon ne Goa, daman, diu, daadara evam nagar haveli ke mukti ka vichaar paala.[9] Bhaarat ke svatantr hone se pehle se hi mahaatma gaaaindhi ki bhi yahi vichaaradhaara thi aur unhone ye pushti bhi ki - "Goa (va anya asvatantr ilaake) ko maujood mukt raajya (Bhaarat) ke kaanoonon ke virodh mein ek alag ikaai ke roop mein rahane ki anumati naheen di ja sakti hai.[10]
jab Bhaarat ne 26 January 1950 ko ganatantrata haasil ki tab fraansisi sarkaar ne Bhaarat ke poorvi tat par apni kshetreeya sampatti khaali karne ka nirnaya liya parantu purtagaali sarkaar ne tab bhi Bhaarat mein apne jad gadaae rakhe. falasvaroop Goa, daadara, nagar haveli tatha anya kshetron mein svatantrata aandolan aur gahra ho gaya. fir lisban mein ek bhaarateeya dootaavaas khola gaya taaki Goa ke hastaantaran par charcha ki ja sake. lekin purtagaali sarkaar ne na hi sirf Goa ki mukti ke baare mein baat karne se mana kar diya balki unhonne pehle se hi laagu damanakaari upaayon ko parikshetron mein tej kar diya. 1953 me purtagaali sarkaar se samjhaute ke liye ek aur prayaas kiya gaya - is baar unhein ye bhi aashvaasan dilaaya gaya ki parikshetron ki saanskrutik pehchaan unke sthaanaantaran ke baad bhi sanrakshit rahegi aur kaanoonon va reeti rivaajon ko bhi aparivrtit rakha jaayega. fir bhi ve pehle ki tarah apne hath par kaayam bane rahe aur yahaan tak ki Bhaarat dvaara ki gayi pahal ka javaab dene se bhi inkaar kar gaye. falasvaroop lisban mein stith bhaarateeya dootaavaas ko June 1953 mein band kar diya gaya.[11]
Goa sarkaar ke ek bank karmachaari - appaasaaheb karmalakar ne national liberation movement sangathan (NLMO) ki baagdor sambhaali taaki voh purtagaali-sashait pradeshon ko mukti dila sakein. saath hi saath aajaad gomaantak dal(vishvanaath laavande, dattaatreya deshapaande, prabhaakar seenari aur shri. gole ke netrutv mein), raashtreeya swayamsevak sangh (raja vaakanakar aur naana kajarekar ke netrutv mein) ke swayamsevak daadara aur nagar haveli ko mukt karaane ke liye sashastr hamle ki tayyaari kar rahe the. vaakanakar aur kaajarekar ne sthalaakruti adhyayan aur sthaaneeya kaaryakartaaon aur netaaon, jo purtagaali kshetr ki mukti ke liye aandolan kar rahe the, se parichay ke liye 1953 mein daadara aur nagar haveli ka kai baar daura kiya. April, 1954 mein teeno sangathano ne milkar ek sanyukt morcha (United frant) nikaala aur einlfasatan bageeche ki ek baithak mein, ek sashastr hamle ki yojana banaai. svatantr roop se, ek aur sangathan, United frant of goans ne bhi isi tarah ki ek yojana banaai.[9]
daadara ki mukti
Francis maiskarenahaas aur vimaan desi ke netrutv mein United frant of goans ke kareeb 15 sadasyon ne 22 July 1954 ki raat ko daadara police station mein hamla bola. unhonne up-nireekshak aniseto rosaariyo ki hatya kar di.[12] agale hi din police chauki par bhaarateeya tiranga faharaaya gaya aur daadara ko mukt praant ghoshit kar diya gaya. jayanteebhaai desi ko daadara ke prashaashan hetu panchaayat ka mukhiya bana diya gaya.
naaroli ki mukti
28 July 1954 ko raashtreeya swayamsevak sangh aur aajaad gomaantak dal ke swayamsevak ne naaroli ke police chauki par hamla bola aur purtagaali afsaron ko aatmasamarpan karne par majaboor kar diya aur naaroli ko aajaad kiya. agale din, 29 July ko svatantr naaroli ki gram panchaayat ki sthaapana hui.[9]
silvaasa ki mukti
kaptaan fidaalgo ke netrutv mein abhi bhi purtagaali sena ne nagar haveli mein stith silvaasa mein adda jamaaya hua tha. raashtreeya swayamsevak sangh aur aajaad gomaantak dal ke svayansevakon ne mauka dekhte hi silvaasa ki paridhi mein sthit pipriya par kabja jama liya. kareeb aate dekh kaptaan fidlgo ne svatantrata senaaniyon ko aatmasamarpan karne ki chetaavani di parantu ve silvaasa ki aur badh chale. apne nishchit paraajaya ko dekhte hue kaptaan fidlgo 150 senya karamachaariyon ke saath silvaasa se 15 kimi door khaanvel bhaag gaye. 2 August 1954 ko silvaasa mukt ghoshit kar diya gaya.[9]
kaptaan fidaalgo, jo nagar haveli ke androoni hisse mein chhupe the, ko aakhirkaar 11 August 1954 mein aatmasamarpan karna pada. ek saarvajanik baithak mein karmalakar ko pratham prashaashak ke roop mein chuna gaya.
Bhaarat mein sanyojan
svatantr hone ke baavajood, antarraashtreeya nyaayalaya dvaara daadara-nagar haveli ko purtagaali sampatti ke roop mein maanyata praapt thi.[13]
1954 se 1961 tak, daadara aur nagar haveli varishth panchaayat dvaara sanchaalit ek mukt pradesh raha. 1961 mein jab Bhaarat ne Goa ko mukt kiya tab shri badalaani ko ek din ke liye raajya-pramukh banaaya gaya. unhonne tatha Bhaarat ke pradhaan mantri, Jawahar laal neharu, ne ek samjhaute par hastaakshaar kiya aur daadara aur nagar haveli aupachaarik roop se Bhaarat mein sanyojit kar diya.
bhugol
yeh kendra-saashit pradesh do bhinn bhaugaulik kshetron se bana hai - daadara aur nagar haveli. yeh kul 491 varg kilometer kshetr mein faila hua hai. yeh uttar-pashim aur poorv mein valasaad jile se aur dakshin aur dakshin-poorv mein thaane aur naashik jile se ghira hua hai. daadara aur nagar haveli ke jyaadaatar hisse pahaadi hai. iske poorvi disha mein sahayaadri parvat shrankhala hai. pradesh ke madhya kshetr mein maidaan hai jiski mitti atyadhik upajaaoo hai. damanaganga nadi pashchimi tat se 64 kimi. door ghaat se nikal kar, daadara aur nagar haveli ko par karte hue daman mein arab saagar se ja milti hai. iski teen sahaayak nadiya - peeri, varna aur sakartond bhi pradesh ki jal-shrot hain.[14] pradesh ka lakbhaag 53% hisse mein van hai parantu keval 40% hissa hi aarakshit van mein gina jaata hai. samruddh jaiv - vividhta ise pakshiyon aur jaanvaron ke liye ek aadarsh nivaas sthaan banaata hai. yeh ise paaristhitiki paryatan ke liye ek aadarsh sthaan banaata hai. silvaasa vanya jeevan ke prati utsaahi logon ke liye ek uchit paryaavaran-paryatan sthal.
jalavaayu
daadara aur nagar haveli ke jalavaayu apne prakaar mein vishisht hai. tat ke paas sthit hone ke naate, yahaaain ek samudri jalavaayu paristhitiyaan hai. greeshm ritu garm aur nam hoti hai. May ke mahina sabse garam hota hai aur adhiktam taapamaan 35° tak pahuainch jaata hai. varsha dakshin pashchim monsoon havaaen lati hain varsha ritu June se September tak rahati hai. yahaaain saal mein 200-250 semi. varsha hoti hai aur isi kaaran ise pashchim Bhaarat ka cheraapoonji kahaaain jaata hai. sardiyaaain kaafi sukhad hoti hai aur taapamaan 14° se 30° tak rahata hai.[15][16]
baahari kadiyaaain
sandarbh
- ↑ http://www.dnh.nic.in, "Dadra and Nagar Haveli government website"
- ↑ a aa i http://bharat.gov.in/knowindia/state_uts.php?id=33, "History of DNH"
- ↑ http://dnh.nic.in/leave2007.html, "Public Holidays of D&N.H."
- ↑ "The Official Tourism Website of Department of Tourism, U.T of Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Silvassa - People of Dadra and Nagar Haveli". http://www.silvassa-tourism.com/people.html. abhigman tithi: 2012-02-25.
- ↑ "Visitors guide for Daman, Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli". "Government of D&N.H and Daman & Diu". pp. 20. http://dnh.nic.in/deptdoc/vguide.pdf. abhigman tithi: 2012-02-24.
- ↑ "Dadra and Nagar Haveli - Industry". http://dnh.nic.in/industry.html. abhigman tithi: 2012-02-25.
- ↑ Mehta, J. L. Advanced study in the history of modern India 1707-1813
- ↑ ""History and Geography of Dadra & Nagar Haveli"". http://www.mapsofindia.com/dadra-nagar-haveli/history-geography/. abhigman tithi: 2012-02-25.
- ↑ a aa i E P S Lele, Dadra and Nagar Haveli: past and present, Published by Usha P. Lele, 1987,
- ↑ M.K. Gandhi, H, 30-6-1946, p. 208
- ↑ [|Singh, Satyindra]. Blueprint to Bluewater. The Indian Navy. http://www.indiannavy.nic.in/bptobw.pdf. abhigman tithi: 2012-02-25.
- ↑ "How 18th June road got its name". News Blog. Navbharat Times. http://www.navhindtimes.in/ilive/how-18th-june-road-got-its-name. abhigman tithi: 26 fravari 2012.
- ↑ "International Court of Justice Reports 1960: 6". http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/32/4521.pdf. abhigman tithi: 09 March 2012.
- ↑ "Dadra and Nagar Haveli - Land, Climate and transport". http://www.webindia123.com/Territories/DADRANAGARHAVELI/land/land.htm. abhigman tithi: 2012-06-12.
- ↑ "Silvassa | Climate". http://www.hotelssilvassa.com/Silvassa-info/silvassa-climate.aspx. abhigman tithi: 12 June 2012.
- ↑ "SILVASSA Weather, Silvassa Weather Forecast, Temperature, Festivals, Best Season:". tourism. http://www.mustseeindia.com/Silvassa-weather. abhigman tithi: 13 June 2012.