byaas nadi
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 byaas nadi ka maanachitr |
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| sthaaneeya naam | byaas |
| nadi-mukh |
31°a09′a16″aN 74°a58′a31″aE / 31.15444°aN 74.97528°aE nirdeshaank: 31°a09′a16″aN 74°a58′a31″aE / 31.15444°aN 74.97528°aE
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| lanbaai | 470 |
| jalasambhar kshetr | 20.303 |
byaas (angreji: Beas, punjabi: ਬaaਿaaਆaaਸ, sanskrut: vipaasha) Punjab (Bhaarat) Himachal mein bahne waali ek pramukh nadi hai. nadi ki lambaai 470 kilometer hai. Punjab (Bhaarat) ki paanch pramukh nadiyon mein se ek hai. iska ullekh rigved mein keval ek baar hai.[1] bruhaddevata[2] mein shatudri ya sataluj aur vipaasha ka ek saath ullekh hai.
anukram
itihaas
byaas nadi ka puraana naam 'arjikiya' ya 'vipaasha' tha. yeh kulloo mein vyaas kund se niklati hai. vyaas kund peer panjaal parvat shrunkhala mein sthit rohataang darre mein hai. yeh kulloo, mandi, hameerapur aur kaangada mein bahti hai. kaangada se murathal ke paas Punjab mein chali jaati hai. Manali, kulloo, bajaura, aut, pandoh, mandi, sujaanapur teehara, naadaun aur dehara gopeepur iske pramukh tateeya sthaan hain. iski kul lanbaai 460 ki॰mee॰ hai. Himachal mein iski lanbaai 260 ki॰mee॰ hai. kulloo mein pataleekoohal, paarvati, pin, malaana-naala, fojal, sarvari aur saij iski sahaayak nadiyaan hain. kaangada mein sahaayak nadiyaan binva nyoogal, gaj aur chakki hain. is nadi ka naam maharshi byaas ke naam par rakha gaya hai. yeh pradesh ki jeevanadaayini nadiyon mein se ek hai.
sthiti
is nadi ka udgam madhya Himachal pradesh mein, vruhad himaalaya ki jaasakar parvatamaala ke rohataang darre par 4,361 meter ki oonchaai se hota hai. yahaaain se yeh kulloo ghaati se hote huye dakshin ki or bahti hai. jahaan par sahaayak nadiyon ko apne mein milaati hai. fir yeh pashchim ki or bahti hui mandi nagar se hokar kaangada ghaati mein aa jaati hai. ghaati paar karne ke baad byaas Punjab (Bhaarat) mein pravesh karti hai va dakshin disha mein ghoom jaati hai aur fir dakshin-pashchim mein yeh 470 ki॰mee॰ bahaane ke baad aarki mein sataluj nadi mein ja milti hai. vyaas nadi 326 E. poo. mein sikandar mahaan ke Bhaarat aakraman ki anumaanit poorvi seema thi.[3]
naamollekh
vaalmeeki raamaayan mein ayodhya ke dooton ki kekaya desh ki yaatra ke prasang mein vipaasha (vaidik naam vipaash) ko paar karne ka ullekh hai[4]. mahaabhaarat mein bhi vipaasha ke tat par vishnupad teerth ka varnan hai.[5] vipaasha ke naamakaran ka kaaran pauraanik katha ke anusaar is prakaar varnit hai,[6] ki vasishth putr shok se peedit ho apne shareer ko paash se baandhakar is nadi mein kood pade the kintu vipaasha ya paashamukt hokar jal se baahar nikal aae. mahaabhaarat mein bhi isi katha ki aavrutti ki gayi hai[7]. di mihraan ov sindh end itj trivyootereej ke lekhak revarti ka mat hai ki vyaas ka praacheen maarg 1790 E. mein badal kar poorv ki or hat gaya tha aur sataluj ka pashchim ki or aur ye donon nadiyaaain sanyukt roop se bahne lagi theen. revarti ka vichaar hai ki pracheen kaal mein sataluj vyaas mein naheen milti thi. kintu vaalmeeki raamaayan[8] mein varnit hai ki shatudru ya sataluj pashchimi ki or bahne waali nadi thi.[9] at: revarti ka mat sandigdh jaan padta hai.
byaas ko greek lekhakon ne haaifesis kaha hai.
paryatan sthal
- byaas nadi ke kinaare ek pramukh paryatan sthal hai kulloo . kulloo Bhaarat ke Himachal pradesh praant ka ek shahar hai. kulloo garmi ke mausam mein logon ka ek manapasand gantavaaya hai. maidaanon mein tapati dhoop se bach kar log Himachal pradesh ki kulloo ghaati mein sharan lete hain. yahaan ke mandir, seb ke baagaan aur dashahara hajaaron paryatakon ko kulloo ki or aakarshit karte hain. yahaan ke saathaaneeya hasaatashilaap kulloo ki sabse badi visheshata hai.
- Manali kulloo ghaati ke uttar mein sthit Himachal pradesh ka lokapriya hil station hai. samudra tal se 2050 meter ki oonchaai par sthit Manali vyaas nadi ke kinaare basa hai. garmiyon se nijaat paane ke liye is hil station par hajaaron ki taadaad mein sailaani aate hain. sardiyon mein yahaan ka taapamaan shoonya degree se neeche pahunch jaata hai. aap yahaan ke khoobsoorat praakrutik drushyon ke alaava Manali mein haaiking, pairaaglaaiding, raafting, traiking, kaayaking jaise khelon ka bhi aanand utha sakte hai. yahaan ke jangali foolon aur seb ke bageechon se chhanakar aati sungandhit havaaen dilo dimaag ko taajagi se bhar deti hain.
- vaayaas nadi ke kinaare basa Himachal pradesh ka pramukh paryatan sthal mandi lambe samay se vaayavasaayik gatividhiyon ka kenaadr raha hai. samudra tal se 760 meter ki oonchaai par sthit yeh nagar Himachal ke teji se viksit hote shaharon mein ek hai. kaha jaata hai mahaan sant maandav ne yahaan tapasaaya ki aur unke paas alaukik shaktiyaan thi. saath hi unaahein anek granaathon ka gyaan tha. maana jaata hai ki ve kolaasara naamak pataathar par baithakar vaayaas nadi ke pashchimi tat par baithakar tapasaaya kiya karte the. yeh nagar apne 81 olaad saaton mandiron aur unamein ki gayi shaanadaar nakaakaasiyon ke liye ke prasiddh hai. mandiron ki bahulata ke kaaran hi ise pahaadon ke Varanasi naam se bhi jaana jaata hai. mandi naam sansaakrut shabaad mandoika se bana hai jiska arth hota hai khula kshetr.
vidyut pariyojanaaeain
byaas nadi aur sataluj nadi ke link se ek vidyut pariyojana biksit ki gayi hai. pratham unit ke antargat yeh pandoh mein 4711 million kaayoomek (3.82 M.A.ef.) baayaas jal ko 1000 feet neeche sataluj mein apavartit karti hai. is bindu par dehar vidyut gruh ki adhishaathaapit kshamata 990 megawatt hai, iske baad tel race jal sataluj se bahata hua bhaakhada ke gobinaadasaagar jalashaaya mein ekatrit ho jaata hai. pandoh se dehar tak apavartan 38 ki॰mee॰ lamaabi jal sanvaahak pranaali dvaara hota hai jismein sanyukaat roop se 25 ki॰mee॰ lamaabi ek khuli channel tatha do sunragein sammilit hain. baayaas tatha sataluj ka kul jalagrahan kshetr kramash: 12560 ki॰mee॰ tatha 56860 ki॰mee॰ hai.
baayaas pariyojana ki dviteeya unit ke antargat talavaada ke maidaani bhaag mein pravesh karne se theek pehle baayaas nadi par paung baandh hai, jiska sakal bhanaadaaran 435 foot arth kor graival shail daim ke peechhe 8572 million kaayoomek (6.95 M.A.ef.) hai. baandh ke aadhaar par sthit vidyut sanyantr ki adhishaathaapit kshamata 360 megawatt hai.[10]
vivaad
desh mein raavi aur byaas nadi jal vivaad kaafi puraana hai. yeh Bhaarat ke do raajyon Punjab (Bhaarat) aur Haryana ke beech raavi aur byaas nadiyon ke atarikt paani ke bantavaare ko lekar hain. mukadame saalon se adaalaton mein hain.[11]
sandarbh
- ↑ 'achhaasindhu maatrutamaamayaans vipaashamurveen subhagaamaganmavatsamivmaataraasanrihaane samaanan yonimnusancharanti', rigved 3,33,3
- ↑ bruhaddevata 1,114
- ↑ Bhaarat jnyaaanakosh, khand-5, paupyular prakaashan Mumbai, prushth sankhya-247, aa E S bi N 81-7154-993-4
- ↑ 'vishnu:padan prekshamaana vipaashaan chaapi shaalmaleem, nadeervaapeetaataakaani palvalaani saraansi ch', ayodhyaakaand 68,19
- ↑ etad vishnupadan naam drushyate teerthamuttamam, esha ramya vipaasha ch nadi paramapaavani', vanaparv
- ↑ 'atr vai putrashoken vasishtho bhagavaanrushi:, baddhvaatmaanan niptito vipaash: punarutthit:', mahaabhaarat-vanaparv 130,9
- ↑ 'tathaivaasyabhayaad baddhva vasishth: salile pura, aatmaanan majjayanyashreemaan vipaash: punarutthit:. tadaaprabhruti punya, hi vipaashaan bhoonmahaanadi, vikhyaata karmanaaten vasishthasya mahaatman:', mahaabhaarat anushaasan 3,12,13
- ↑ ayodhyaakaand 71,2
- ↑ pratyak stotrastarangini, de. shatudr
- ↑ sinaadhu besin mein bahuudrudesheeya-nadi ghaati pariyojana ke vikaas ka itihaas
- ↑ bi bi si hindi mein BBC samvaadadaata Avinash datt ka aalekh: paani se jalate pradesh
baahari kadiyaaain
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vikimeediya kaumans par byaas nadi se sambandhit media hai. |