blackberry

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blackberry wireless mobile upakaran ki ek shreni hai, jise 1999 mein do-tarafa pejar ke roop mein pesh kiya gaya tha. 2002 mein, aamtaur par smaartafon ke naam se vikhyaat blackberry jaari kiya gaya, jo push E-mel, mobile phone, tekst maisejing, Internet faiks, web braaujing aur anya wireless soochana sevaaon ki suvidhaaon ka samarthan karta hai. yeh abhisaari divaais ka ek udaaharan hai. Canada ki company research in motion(RIM) dvaara ise viksit kiya gaya hai, yeh mobile phone seva companiyon ke wireless data network par jaankaari dene ka kaam karti hai. blackberry ne pehle baajaar mein E mel par dhyaan keindrit karke pragati ki. rim (RIM) vartamaan mein blackberry kanekt software ke maadhyam se gair-blackberry upakaranon, jaise ki paam treo ko blackberry E-mel seva pradaan karne ka kaam karti hai. mool blackberry upakaran ka disple monokrom hua karta tha, lekin ab sabhi model ke disple rangeen hain aur navapravartan mein baajaar ka aguva hai, vishesh roop se bahuddesheeya operating system aur baikeind sandesh ke saath samaakalan aur sahayog aur anukoolit anuprayog system ke maamale mein. California ki braanding companiyon mein se ek leksikn braanding ink. ka diya naam RIM ne tay kar diya. misaal ke taur par, eppl ke pauvarabuk ke naamakaran ka shreya leksikn ko jaata hai. adhikaariyon mein se ek ne socha ki upakaran ke batan jharaberi (strawberry) ke chhote beej ki tarah lagte hain. company ke ek bhaashaavid ne socha ki "strawberry" naam bahut sahi naheen baithata. kisi aur ne blackberry naam sujhaaya aur RIM ne ise maan liya .

haalaanki nae modelon mein PDA anuprayogon (pata pustika, calendar, kaamon ki soochi, aadi) ke saath hi telephone kshamataaon ko shaamil kiya gaya; lekin mukhya roop se blackberry E-mel bhejane aur praapt karne ki iski kshamata se jaana jaata hai; jahaan kaheen bhi kinheen selular phone vaahakon ke wireless network ka yeh upayog kar sakta hai. sabse nae blackberry model mein in-bilt QWERTY keebord hota hai, jo thambing("thumbing") ke anukool hai, ismein taaiping ke liye sirf angoothe ka istemaal kiya jaata hai. aur aise bhi anek selafon hain jinmein aam tarah ke taaiping keebord hote hain aur do model poori tarah se touch-screen upakaranon se lais hain, jinmein keebord naheen hote. nevigeshan pranaali mukhya roop se ek skrol baul dvaara poori ki jaati hai, ya upakaran ke beech mein sthit "traikabaul" (puraane upakaranon mein ek kinaare mein laga ek track vheel ka upayog hota hai) ke jariye bhi. kuchh modelon mein (vartamaan mein, jinka nirmaan iDEN network ke saath prayog ke liye hua hai, jaise ki neksatel aur Mike) push-tu-tauk (PTT), do-tarafa radio jaisi suvidha bhi shaamil ki gayi hai.

aadhunik GSM-aadhaarit blackberry fon mein ek ARM 7 ya 9 prosesar shaamil hai, jabki puraane blackberry 950 aur 957 fon mein intel 80386 prosesar ka upayog hota hai. naveenatam GSM blackberry model (8100, 8300 aur 8700 shrrunkhala) mein ek intel PXA901 312 megaahartj prosesar, 64 MB flaish memori aur 16 MB SDRAM hota hai.^[2] CDMA blackberry smaartafons kvaalakomm MSM6x00 chipsets par aadhaarit hai, jismein ARM 9-aadhaarit prosesar aur GSM 900/1800 ghumantoo bhi shaamil hain (jaisa ki 8830 aur 9500 ke maamale mein) aur 256MB tak flaish memori bhi shaamil hain.^[3][4] ye upakaran kuchh kaarobaariyon ke beech bahut lokapriya hain, jahaan ve mukhya roop se apne ghumantoo karmachaariyon se E-mel ke jariye sampark banaaya karte hain. kisi company ke system mein blackberry ko poori tarah ekeekrut karne ke liye ya to Microsoft exchange, lotus nots ya novel grupavaaij imel sarvar anuprayog ke saath blackberry entarapraaij sarvar (BES) ki sthaapana ki jaroorat hai.

blackberry duniya ka doosra sabse lokapriya smaartafon manch hai, jisne Q2, 2009 mein duniya bhar mein smaartafon ki bikri ke 21% par kabja jamaaya.^[5] 30 May 2009 ko, rim ne ghoshit kiya ki blackberry graahakon ki sankhya lagbhag 28.5 million tak pahunch gayi hai.^[6]

thumb|right|blackberry 7250 RIM blackberry ke liye maalikaana bahuddesheeya operating system (OS) muhaiya karaata hai, jisse upakaranon ke vishisht input upakaranon ka bhaari istemaal karna sambhav hota hai, khaaskar skrol vheel (1999–2006) ya haal hi ke traikabaul (12 sitmbar 2006 se) aur traikapaid (sitmbar 2009 se) ke maamale mein. OS jaava MIDP 1.0 aur WAP 1.2 ko sahaayata pradaan karta hai. pichhle sanskaran Microsoft exchange sarvar ke E-mel aur calendar ke saath aur lotus domino ke E-mel ke saath bhi, wireless tulyakaalita ki anumati dete rahe. vartamaan OS4 MIDP2.0 ka ek sabaset pradaan karta hai aur sampoorn wireless sakriyn tatha exchange ke E-mel, calendar, kaarya, nots aur sanparkon ke saath tulyakaalita ki anumati deta hai aur novel grupavaaij aur lotus nots ke liye sahaayata karta hai.

teesare-paksh wala devalapars in APIs aur blackberry ke maalikaana ke APIs ka bhi istemaal karke software lekhan kar sakta hai, lekin kuchh pratibandhit kaaryaatmakata ka upayog kisi anuprayog ke liye karne se pehle jaroori hai ki digital hastaakshar kiya jaaya, taaki RIM ke devalapar khaate mein yeh jud sake. yeh hastaakshar karne ki prakriya aavedak ko lekhakatv ki guaranty deti hai, lekin gunavatta ya code ki suraksha ki guaranty naheen deti.

aaranbhik blackberry upakaranon mein intel 80386 aadhaarit prosesar ka upayog hota tha.^[7] naveenatam blackberry 9000 shrrunkhala intel Xskel 624 megaahartj seepeeyoo se lais hai, jo ise ab tak ka sabse tej blackberry banaata hai. pehle ke blackberry 8000 shrrunkhala ke smaartafon, jaise ki 8700 aur parl 312 megaahartj ARM Xskel ARMv5TE PXA900 par aadhaarit hain. blackberry 8707 ek apavaad hai jo 80 megaahartaj kvaalakomm 3250 chipset par aadhaarit hai, aisa isliye ki ARM Xskel ARMv5TE PXA900 chipset 3 ji network ka samarthan naheen karta. blackberry 8707 mein 80 megaahartaj prosesar daraasal daaunalod ko aksar dheema bana deta tha aur 8700 ke EDGE netavarks ki tulana mein 3G vebapejon ko vaapas kar deta.

blackberry se nikaala gaya deta ek mejabaan computer mein IPD ke naam se jaane jaane vaale ek blackberry-vishesh faurmet ki ek akeli file mein sangrahit kiye jaate hain.^[8]

blackberry entarapraaij sarvar

"blackberry entarapraaij sarvar" (BES) naamak ek software package ke jariye blackberry phone ko ek sangathan ke imel system mein ekeekrut kiya gaya hai. BES ke sanskaran Microsoft exchange, lotus domino aur novel grupavaaij ke liye upalabdh hain. jabki niji upayogakarta wireless pradaata ki E-mel seva ka upayog BES ko instaal kiye bagair karne mein saksham ho sakte hain, ekaadhik upayogakartaaon vaale sangathan aamtaur par apne network par BES chalaate hain. kuchh anya companiyaan BES dvaara diye gaye samaadhaanon ko upalabdh karaati hain. harek blackberry ki ek pehchaan hoti hai, jo blackberry pin (PIN) kahalaati hai, jiska istemaal BES upakaran ki pehchaan ke liye hota hai.

corporate account ke liye BES ek tarah ke E-mel rile ki tarah pesh aata hai taaki upayogakarta apne E-mel mein hamesha abhigman kar sake. upayogakarta ke sthaaneeya "inabauks" par software nazar rakhata hai aur jab ek naya sandesh aata hai to vah sandesh uthaata hai aur RIM ke network sanchaalan kendra (NOC) ko paas kar deta hai. vo sandesh fir upayogakarta ke wireless pradaata ko rile kar diye jaate hain, jo unhein vaapas upayogakarta ke blackberry upakaran mein pahuncha deta hai.

ise "push E-mel" kaha jaata hai, kyonki sabhi nae E-mel, sampark aur calendar pravishtiyaan blackberry divaais mein svachaalit roop se "pushd" ki jaati hain, haath dvaara ya chayan ke aadhaar par deta ki upayogakarta tulyakaalita (user synchronizing) ka yeh virodh hai. blackberry bhi chayan E-mel ka samarthan karta hai, is tarah yeh POP ka samarthan karta hai. upakaran ka bhandaaran mobile upayogakarta ko wireless seva ke bina oflaain mein sabhi deta ke upayog ke liye saksham banaata hai. jaise hi upayogakarta dobaara kanekt karta hai, tab BES naveenatam deta bhej deta hai.

blackberry ke nae model mein ek visheshata yeh hai ki ismein traailetereshan (trilateration) ke maadhyam se aapka vartamaan sthaan bata dene ki kshamata hai. fon par online nakshe ko dekha ja sakta hai aur ek chamakati dot dvaara lakshit vartamaan sthaan aap dekh sakte hain. lekin, blackberry traailetereshan ki sateekata GPS se kam hai, badi imaaraton, pahaadon se sel taavaron ka chhip jaana, ya doori sahit iske kai kaaran hain.

BES haindaheld fon mein "mobile data seva-kanekshan seva" (MDS-CS) naamak ghatak ke maadhyam se TCP/IP kanektiviti pahunch pradaan karta hai. yeh san maaikrosistams jaava ME platform par aadhaarit blackberry upakaranon mein deta dhaaraaon ka istemaal karke custom anuprayog vikaas ki anumati deta hai.

iske atirikt, tripl DES, ya abhi haal mein blackberry haindaheld aur ek blackberry entarapraaij sarvar ke beech chalanevaale sabhi deta (E-mel aur MDS traffic) ke AES kootabaddhata ke jariye, BES network suraksha pradaan karta hai.

adhikaansh pradaata blackberry ikaaiyon aur BES ke beech aseemit deta ke liye flat maasik moolya rakhate hain. iske alaava imel praapt karne ke liye sangathan bina meter ke traffic ke saath intraanet ya custom aantarik upayog kar sakte hain.

blackberry manch ke aur adhik haaliya sanskaran ke saath, MDS ko ab wireless deta abhigman ki aavashyakta rahi. OS 3.8 ya 4.0 ke saath shuroo hone vaale blackberry haindaheld bina MDS ke hi Internet ka upayog kar sakte hain (jaise ki TCP/IP upayog kar sakte hain) - pehle BES/MDS ke bina sirf imel aur WAP ka upayog sambhav tha. abhi bhi surakshit imel, deta upayog ke liye BES/MDS aavashyak hai aur jo kairiyr WAP pahunch ki anumati naheen dete un anuprayogon ko WAP ki jrurat hoti hai.

blackberry Internet seva

blackberry entarapraaij sarvar ka upayog karne ka praathamik vikalp blackberry Internet seva ka istemaal hai. niji upayogakarta ke liye yeh seva POP3 aur IMAP imel samaakalan (ntegration) ki anumati deti hai. yeh jeemel, hautamel, Yahoo aur AOL jaise lokapriya imel account samet 10 imel account mein abhigman (accessed) ki anumati deti hai.

blackberry deskataup ridaayarektar

blackberry entarapraaij sarvar ka kam upayog mein aanevaala vikalp blackberry deskataup ridaayarektar hai. yeh software deskataup computer mein daala gaya hai jo ki udyami imel client ka sthaapit kiya hua hai.

blackberry maisenjar

BBM ke naam se jaane jaane vaale blackberry maisenjar ke maalikaana ka upayog nae blackberry upakaran karte hain. yeh software blackberry pin ya baarakod scan ke jariye paath sandesh bhejane aur praapt karne ka kaam karta hai. blackberry samaadhaan ko pruthak karne ke maksad se nae anuprayogon ki ijaad ke liye anusandhaan karne ke silsile mein RIM ke saath anubandh ke tahat bhaageedaaron ka blackberry elaayans kaaryakram bhi hai. vishisht anuprayogon mein digital shrutalekh, GPS traiking, CRM aur vyaya prabandhan shaamil hain.

blackberry upakaranon ke istemaal ke liye teesari-party software upalabdh hai, jismein software poorn-visheshata waali detaabes prabandhan pranaali shaamil hai; graahak sambandh prabandhan client aur anya anuprayogon ko jinhein sambhaavit jatil deta ki badi maatra ka prabandh karna jaroori hota hai, ki madad ke liye jinka istemaal kiya ja sakta hai.^[9]

• 11 sitmbar 2008 ko Tivo aur research in motion ne ghoshana ki ki jaldi hi TiVo upayogakarta apne system ko blackberry phone se niyantrit kar sakeinge. ise 2008 ke ant tak samaaveshit kiye jaane ki ummeed thi. koi keemat -agar koi ho- naheen bataayi gayi.^[10]

imel ke praapt hote hi use usi samay kaheen bhi padhne ki kshamata ne blackberry upakaranon ko kisi vyasan ki tarah kukhyaat bana diya, isi vajah se ek upanaam "kraikaberi" pad gaya. kraik ke naam se jaane jaanevaale kokeen ke moolabhoot svarup par iska naam pada. kraikaberi shabd ka prayog itna vyaapak ho gaya hai ki November 2006 vebastars new world college dikshanari ne "kraikaberi" ko "new vard of di iar" ka khitaab de diya.^[11]

jab boost mobile seva ke saath sanyojit kiya jaata hai, to kabhi-kabhi smart phone "boostaberi" kahalaata hai.

kai upayogakarta aamtaur par blackberry smart phone ko seedhe-seedhe "beri" kehte hain. udaaharan ke liye, "beri thamb" ya "beri blistar" ek tarah ki peeda hai jo keebord mein anguliyaan chalne se hoti hai.

• arli pejar model: 850, 857, 950, 957
• monokrom jaava-besd model : 5000-series aur 6000-series
• pehli rangeen model: 7200-series, 7500-series aur 7700-series
• pratham shyor type model: 7100-series
• blackberry 8800, blackberry parl, parl flip aur blackberry karv samet aadhunik blackberry model (2006 - 2008): 8000-8830-series
• naveenatam blackberry model (2008 - 2009): 8900+ jeepeees vaaifaai series: blackberry bold (9000), blackberry karv 8900, blackberry tour (9630), blackberry strom (9500/9530)
• blackberry strom 2 (2009): blackberry strom 2^[12]
• blackberry bold 2 (2009): blackberry bold (9700 / bold 2)^[13]

bahut saare gair blackberry mobile phone release kiye gaye hain jinmein blackberry imel client ki visheshata hai jo ki blackberry sarvar se jodta hai. aise bahut saare fonon mein poori tarah se QWERTY keebord hain.

• AT&T Tilt 3G/HSDPA/850/900/1800/1900 MHz (megaahartaj) GSM network, 240, x 320 piksel touch screen, QWERTY keebord par sanchaalit hota hai
• HTC edavaantej X7500
• HTC TyTN 3G/HSDPA/850/900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 240 × 320 piksel touch screen, QWERTY ki board par chalta hai
• motorola MPx220 (keval chuninda model mein), 850/900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 176 × 220 piksel screen par sanchaalit hota hai
• nokiya 6810 900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 128 × 128 piksel screen par sanchaalit
• nokiya 6820, 900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network par parichaalit hota hai, ameriki sanskaran 850/1800/1900 GSM network, 128 × 128 piksel screen par parichaalit hota hai.
• nokiya 9300, 900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 128 × 128 aur 640 × 200 piksel screen par parichaalit hota hai
• nokiya 9300i, 900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 128 × 128 aur 640 × 200 piksel screen par parichaalit hota hai
• nokiya 9500, 900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 128 × 128 aur 640 × 200 piksel screen par parichaalit hota hai
• sabhi nokiya E-series phone (nokiya E71 aur nokiya E66 model ko chhodkar)
• Qtek 9100, 850/900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 240 × 320 piksel touch screen aur QWERTY ki board par parichaalit hota hai
• Qtek 9000, 3G-UMTS/850/900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 640 × 480 piksel touch screen, QWERTY ki board par parichaalit hota hai
• Samsung t719 850/900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 176 × 220 piksel screen par parichaalit hota hai
• Siemens, SK65, 900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, 132 × 176 piksel screen par parichaalit hota hai
• Sony Ericsson P910, 900/1800/1900 MHz GSM network, ameriki aur cheeni sanskaran 850/1800/1900, 208 × 320 piksel screen par sanchaalit hota hai
• Sony Ericsson P990
• Sony Ericsson M600i
• Sony Ericsson P1

blackberry PIN ek aath kairektar heksaadesiml (shodsh aadhaari) waali pehchaan sankhya hai, jise harek blackberry upakaran ko aavantit kiya gaya hai. pin ko badla naheen ja sakta aur harek haindaset upakaran mein ise lauk kar diya gaya hai. seedhe pin ya blackberry messenger anuprayog ka istemaal karke tamaam blackberry ek-doosare ko sandesh bhej sakte hain.

blackberry bold.

• BCESA (blackberry sartifaaid entarapraaij sales esosiyet - BCESA40) yeh ek blackberry pramaanan hai RIM (Research In Motion) wireless E-mel upakaran ke peshevar upayogakartaaon ke liye.

blackberry upakaran se sambandhit kai pareekshanon, deksataup sauf‍aataveyar aur blackberry upakaran ke graahakon ko muhaiya karaayi jaanevaali takaneeki sahaayata samet iske sabhi kaarya ke liye pramaanan ki aavashyakta hoti hai.

BCESA, blackberry sartifaaid entarapraaij sales esosiyet ki yogyata, teen staron mein pehla peshevar blackberry pramaanan hai.

• BCTA (blackberry sartifaaid teknikl esosiyet)
• blackberry sartifaaid support esosiyet T2

pramaanapatr par atirikt jaankaari Blackberry.com website par paayi ja sakti hai.

upalabdh blackberry takaneeki pramaanapatr is prakaar hain:

• blackberry sartifaaid entarapraaij sarvar kansalteint (BCESC)
• blackberry sartifaaid entarapraaij sarvar support teknisian (BCSST)
• blackberry sartifaaid entarapraaij sarvar teknisian (BCST)

kaha jaata hai ki December 2007 mein, pehla blackberry store khola gaya.^[14] jabki vartamaan mein akeli yahi ek blackberry ki dukaan hai, vaastav mein yeh pehli naheen hai. isse pehle blackberry store kholne ke teen aur prayaas toreinto, London aur chaaralaut^[15] mein kiye gaye the, lekin antat: ve band ho gaye.^[16] filhaal yeh Michigan ke faramingatan hills mein sthit hai. AT&T, T-mobile, verijon aur sprint, smart fon prastut karanevaale bade ameriki kairiyr ke blackberry upakaran ke model store mein paae jaate hain. karmachaariyon ko na sirf blackberry upakaranon ke, balki unhein harek seva pradaataaon ke adhiniymon par bhi prashikshan diya jaata hai.

san 2000 mein NTP ne apni wireless imel peteint waali kai companiyon ko notice bheja aur unhein peteint ke license ke liye prastaav diya. NTP ne America ki ek company, Research In Motion ke khilaaf varjiniya ke poorvi jile ke sanyukt raajya jila nyaayalaya mein peteint ullanghan mukadama daayar kiya. yeh nyaayaalaya samayasoochi aur samayaseema ke paalan ko lekar sakhti ke liye jaana jaata hai, kami-kabhi "rocket-dauket" kahalaata hai aur khaastaur par peteint maamale mein bahut hi kaaryakushal hai.^[17]

joori ne antat: paaya ki NTP peteint vaidh hain, ki RIM ne unka ullanghan kiya hai, ki ullanghan "jaanboojhkar" kiya gaya aur vah ki ullanghan se NTP ko 33 lakh dollar ki laagat ka nuksaan hua hai (ek uchit rauyalti ya gavaae gaye laabh ka adhik se adhik). nyaayaadheesh James aar spensar ne harjaana badhaakar 53 million dollar kar diya kyonki ullanghan jaanboojhkar kiya gaya tha. unhonne RIM ko yeh bhi nirdesh diya ki vah NTP ke 4.5 karod dollar ke kaanooni shulk ka bhi bhugataan kare aur ek nishedhaagya jaari kar RIM ko peteint ka ullanghan band kar dene aur isse baaj aane ko kaha. yeh America mein blackberry system ko band kar dega.^[18]

RIM ne adaalat ke sabhi nishkarshon par appeal ki. appeal ke parinaamasvarup nishedhaagya aur anya upaayon par sthaganaadesh mil gaya.

March 2005 mein appeal ki prakriya ke dauraan, RIM aur NTP unke vivaad ke samaadhaan ki koshish karte rahe. samjhaute ki sharton mein se ek tha 450 million dollar ka harjaana. lekin baatcheet anya muddon ke kaaran toot gayi. 10 June 2005 ko yeh maamala adaalaton mein vaapas laut gaya.

2005 ki November ke aarambh mein, ameriki nyaaya vibhaag ne ek aadesh-patra daayar karte hue anurodh kiya ki choonki ameriki sangheeya sarkaar mein badi sankhya mein blackberry upayogakarta hain iseeliye RIM seva jaari rakhane ki anumati di jaae.[27]

January 2006 mein, America ke sarvochch nyaayalaya mein peteint ke ullanghan ke liye deyata ki dhaarit raashi par RIM ki appeal sunane se inkaar kar diya aur yeh maamala nichli adaalat mein laut gaya. donon paartiyon ke kisi samjhaute mein pahunch paane ki soorat mein America mein RIM ki bikri aur blackberry divaais ka upayog par lagi rok par pehle diye gaye sthaganaadesh ko jila nyaayaadheesh laagoo kar sakte hain.^[19]

9 fravari 2006 ko America ke raksha vibhaag (DOD) ne ek aadesh-patra daayar karte hue kaha ki sarkaari upayogakartaaon ko chhodkar baaki blackberry seva band karna asaadhya hai. DOD ne yeh bhi kaha ki raashtreeya suraksha ke liye blackberry mahatvapoorn hai, kyonki badi sankhya mein iske sarkaari upayogakarta hain.

9 fravari 2006 ko RIM ne ghoshana ki ki usane software workarounds viksit kar liya hai jo NTP peteint ka ullanghan naheen karega aur use amal mein le aaya jaaega agar nishedhaagya laagoo ki gayi.

3 March 2006 ko nyaayaadheesh spensar ki sakht chetaavani ke baad RIM aur NTP ne ghoshana ki ki unhonne vivaad sulajha liya hai. samjhaute ki sharton ke tahat, NTP ko sabhi daavon ke antim nibtaare ke tahat 612.5miliyn dollar (USD) ka bhugataan karne par RIM sahamat ho gaya. ek bayaan mein, rim ne kaha ki "is samjhaute ki sabhi sharton ko antim roop de diya gaya hai aur aaj dopahar ko adaalat ke aadesh se RIM ke khilaaf mukadama khaarij kar diya gaya hai. samjhaute se aage koi adaalati kaarravaai ya nuksaan ki bharpaai ya kisi anya raahat se sambandhit faisale ki aavashyakta samaapt ho gayi." kuchh vishleshakon ke anusaar samjhauta bahut kam par sampann hua, kyonki praudyogiki par kisi bhaavi rauyalti par chuppi se savaal khada hota hai.^[20]

blackberry oऍs mein hindi samarthan naheen hai. isaliye blackberry ke mobile phone tatha tablet dono mein hi hindi samarthan upalabdh naheen hai. hindi bilkul bhi dikhaayi naheen deti.^[21]

• research in motion
• daataaTAC
• mobile Internet divaais (MID)
• parsanal kamyuniketar
• parsanal digital asisteint (PDA)
• smaartafon
• tablet PC
• ultra-mobile PC
• traaienguleshan
• Canada mein vigyaan aur praudyogiki
• blackberry thamb

• research in motion riporton mein chauthi timaahi aur saal ke ant mein aarthik parinaam 2005
• Research In Motion 2005 Annual Reportpeedeeऍf (682 KiB)
• research in motion forth kuvaartar aur 2007 ke aarthik varsh ke ant mein parinaam
• blackberry anlauking Britain - blackberry anlok service aur blackberry anlok kods ko poornataya online vitrit kiya gaya.
• vodaafon Bhaarat mein blackberry sevaaen pradaan karta hai
• kainingaham, S aur turner, ji (2006) Australia mein media aur sanchaar, saauthavood press private limited, Australia, peepi. 259-278.
• levinsan, pi (2004) selafon, rutalej, New York, peepi. 15-33.
• renagold, H (2002) smart mobs: the next sosial revolyooshan, persues, Cambridge, maisaachusets, peepi. xi-xxii, 157-182.
• konnel O'neel, 'the baital over blackberry, peteint trols aind informeshan teknoloji' (2006) journal of law, informeshan aind science 95.

vikimeediya kaumans par BlackBerry smartphones se sambandhit media hai.

• blackberry ka aadhikaarik jaalasthal

saaaincha:Research In Motion phones