bhuvaneshvar
bhuvaneshvar | |||||||
— rajdhani — | |||||||
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samay mandal: aaiesati (yooteesi+5:30) | |||||||
desh |
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raajya | Orissa | ||||||
mahaapaur | shri khurda jila | ||||||
saansad | |||||||
janasankhya • ghanatv |
800,000 (2001 tak [update]) • 4,900 |
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kshetrafal • ooainchaai (AMSL) |
135 ki.mee² • 33 meter |
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vibhinn code
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nirdeshaank: 20°a16′aN 85°a50′aE / 20.27°aN 85.84°aE bhuvaneshvar Orissa ki rajdhani hai. yanha ke nikat konaark mein vishv prasiddh soorya mandir sthit hai. bhuvaneshaavar Bhaarat ke poorv mein sthit Orissa raajaaya ki rajdhani hai. yeh bahut hi khoobsoorat aur hara-bhara pradesh hai. yahaan ki praakrutik sundarata dekhte hi banti hai. yeh jagah itihaas mein bhi apna mahataavapoorn saathaan rakhata hai. teesari shataabaadi isa poorv mein yaheen prasiddh kaling yuddh hua tha. isi yuddh ke parinaamasaavarup ashok ek ladaakoo yoddha se prasiddh bauddh anuyaayi ke rup mein parint ho gaya tha.
bhuvaneshaavar ko poorv ka kaashi bhi kaha jaata hai. lekin bahut kam logon ko pata hai ki yeh ek prasiddh bauddh saathal bhi raha hai. praacheen kaal mein 1000 varshon tak bauddh dharm yahaan falata-foolata raha hai. bauddh dharm ki tarah jainon ke liye bhi yeh jagah kaafi mahataavapoorn hai. pratham shataabaadi mein yahaan chedi vansh ka ek prasiddh jain raaja khaaravel' hue the. isi tarah saataveen shataabaadi mein yahaan prasiddh hindu mandiron ka nirmaan hua tha. is prakaar bhuvaneshaavar vartamaan mein ek bahusaansaakrutik shahar hai.
Orissa ki is vartamaan rajdhani ka nimaarn injeeniyron aur vaasaatuvidon ne upayogitaavaadi siddhaant ke aadhaar par kiya hai. is kaaran naya bhuvaneshaavar praacheen bhuvaneshaavar ke samaan bahut sundar tatha bhavaaya naheen hai. yahaan aashaacharyajanak mandiron tatha gufaaon ke alaava koi anaaya saansaakrutik saathaan dekhne yogaaya naheen hai.
anukram
mukhya aakarshan
anushrutiyon ke anusaar bhuvaneshaavar mein kisi samay 7000 mandir the, jinka nirmaan 700 varshon mein hua tha. lekin ab keval 600 mandir hi bache hain. rajdhani se 100 kilometer door khudaai karne par teen bauddh vihaaron ka pata chala hai. ye bauddh vihaar thein rataanaagiri, udayagiri tatha lalitgiri. in teenon bauddh vihaaron se mile avasheshon se anumaan lagaaya ja sakta hai ki 13veen shataabaadi tak bauddh dharm yahaan unaanat avasatha mein tha. bauddh dharm ki tarah yahaan jain dharm se sambandhit kalaakrutiyaan bhi milti hai. rajdhani se 6 kilometer door udayagiri tatha khandagiri ki gufaaon mein jain raaja khaaravel ki banvaai kalaakrutiyaan mili hai joki bahut achaachhi avasatha mein hai.
raaja-raani mandir
is mandir ki saathaapana 11veen shataabaadi mein hui thi. is mandir mein Shiv aur paarvati ki bhavaaya moorti hai. is mandir ke naam se aisa lagta hai maano iska naam kisi raaja-raani ke naam par rakha gaya ho. lekin saathaaneeya logon ka kehna ki choonkaai yeh mandir ek khaas prakaar ke pataathar se bana hai jise raajaaraani pataathar kaha jaata hai isi kaaran is mandir ka naam raaja-raani mandir pada. is mandir ke deevaaron par sundar kalaakrutiyaan bani hui hain. ye kalaakrutiyaan khajuraaho mandir ki kalaakrutiyon ki yaad dilaati hain.
pravesh shulaak: bhaarateeyon ke liye 5 Ru., videshiyon ke liye 100 Ru.. ghoomane ka samay: subah 6 baje se shaam 6 baje tak. yeh mandir sabhi din khula rahata hai. saateel camere se is mandir ki photo kheechane par koi shulaak naheen liya jaata. lekin is mandir ki veediyograafi ka shulaak 25 Ru. hai.
raaja-raani mandir se thoda aage jaane par 'braahmeshaavar' mandir sthit hai. is mandir ki saathaapana 1060 E. mein hui thi. is mandir ke chaaron kaanon par chaar chhote-chhote mandir sthit hain. is mandir ki deevaaron par adabhoot nakaakaashi ki gayi hai. inmein se kuchh kalaakrutiyon mein saatri- purush ko kaamakala ki vibhinaan avasaathaaon mein darshaaya gaya hai.
mukaateshaavar mandir samooh
raaja-raani mandir se 100 gaj ki doori par mukaateshaavar mandir samooh hai. is samooh mein do mahataavapoorn mandir hai: parameshaavar mandir tatha mukaateshaavar mandir. in donon mandiron ki saathaapana 650 E. ke aaspaas hui thi. parameshaavar mandir sabse surakshit avasaatha mein hai. yeh mandir is kshetr ke puraane mandiron mein sabse aakarshak hai. iske jagamohan mein jaali ka khoobsoorat kaam kiya gaya hai. ismein aakarshak chitrakaari bhi ki gayi hai. ek chitr mein ek narttaki aur ek sangeetajnya ko bahut achaachhe dhng se darshaaya gaya hai. is mandir ke garbhagruh mein ek shivling hai. yeh shivling apne baad ke lingaraaj mandir ke shivling ki apeksha jaayaada chamakeela hai. parameshaavar mandir ki apeksha mukaateshaavar mandir chhota hai. is mandir ki saathaapana 10veen shataabaadi mein hui thi. is mandir mein nakaakaashi ka behatareen kaam kiya gaya hai. is mandir mein ki gayi chitrakaari kaafi achaachhi avasaatha mein hai. ek chitr mein krushakaaya saadhuon tatha daudte bandaron ke samooh ko darshaaya gaya hai. ek anaaya chitr mein panchatantr ki kahaani ko darshaaya gaya hai. is mandir ke darvaaje aark shaili mein bane hue hain. is mandir ke khanbhe tatha pialar par bhi nakaakaashi ki gayi hai. is mandir ka toran magaramachaachh ke sir jaise aakaar ka bana hua hai.
is mandir ke daayeen taraf ek chhota sa kuaan hai. ise log mareechi kund kehte hain. saathaaneeya logon ka aisa kehna hai ki is kund ke paani se saanaan karne se mahilaaon ka baajhanpan door ho jaata hai.
lingaraaj mandir samooh
is mandir samooh ka nirmaan somavanshi vansh ke raaja yayaati ne 11veen shataabaadi mein karavaaya tha. 185 feet ooncha yeh mandir kanliga saakool of aarkitekaachar ka pratinidhitaav karta hai. yeh mandir naagar shaili mein bana hua hai. itihaasakaaron ke anusaar yeh Orissa ka sabse mahataavapoorn mandir hai.
is mandir parisar mein pravesh karte hi 160 mi x 140 mi aakaar ka ek chaturbhujaakaar kamara milta hai. is mandir ka shahateer is prakaar bana hua hai ki yeh visaamaya aur kautuhal ka ek saath bodh karaata hai. is mandir ka aakaar ise anaaya mandiron se alag rup mein prasaatut karta hai. is mandir mein saathaapit moortiyaan chaarakolith pataathar ki bani hui hain. ye moortiyaan samay ko jhuthalaate hue aaj bhi usi prakaar chamak rahi hain. in moortiyon ki vartamaan sthiti se us samay ke moortikaaron ki kushalata ka pata chalta hai. is mandir ki deevaaron par khajuraahon ke mandiron jaisi moortiyaan ukeri gayi hain. isi mandir ke bhog mandap ke baahari deevaar par manushaaya aur jaanavar ko sekaas karte hue dikhaaya gaya hai. paarvati mandir jo is mandir parisar ke uttari disha mein sthit hai, apni sundar nakaakaashi ke liye prasiddh hai.
not: gair hinaaduon ko lingaraaj mandir mein pravesh ki anumati naheen hai.
lingaraaj mandir ke aaspaas ka mandir
is mandir ke chaaron or kai chhote-chhote mandir hain lekin 'vaitaal' mandir inmein vishesh mahataav rakhata hai. is mandir ki saathaapana 8veen shataabaadi ke aaspaas hui thi. is mandir mein chaamunda devi ki moorti saathaapit hai. yeh moorti dekhne mein kaafi bhayaavah prateet hoti hai. yeh mandir chaturbhujaakaar hai. is mandir mein taantrik, bauddh tatha vaidik paramaapara sabhi ke lakshan ek saath dekhne ko milta hai.
raajaaya sangrahaalaya
bhuvaneshaavar jaane par yahaan ka raajaaya sangrahaalaya jarur ghoomana chaahiye. yeh sangrahaalaya jayadev maarg par sthit hai. is sangrahaalaya mein hasaatalikhit taarapatron ka vilkshan sangrah hai. yahaan praacheen kaal ke adabhoot chitron ka bhi sangrah hai. in chitron mein prakruti ki sundarata ko darshaaya gaya hai. isi sangrahaalaya mein praacheen hasaatalikhit pusaatak 'geetagovind' hai jisse jayadev ne 12veen shataabaadi mein likha tha.
pravesh shulaak: 1 Ru. maatr. samay: 10 baje subah se shaam 5 baje tak. somvaar band.
bhuvaneshaavar ke aaspaas dekhne yogaaya saathaan
heeraapur
heeraapur bhuvaneshaavar se 15 kilometer door ek chhota sa gaanv hai. isi gaanv mein Bhaarat ki sabse chhoti yogini mandir 'chausath yogini' sthit hai. kaha jaata hai ki is mandir ka nirmaan 9veen shataabaadi mein hua tha. iska utaakhanan 1958 E. mein kiya gaya tha.
yeh mandir golaakaar aakruti ke rup mein bani hui hai jiska vaayaas 30 feet hai. iski deevaaron ki oonchaai 8 feet se jaayaada naheen hai. yeh mandir bhoore balooe pataathar se nirmit hai. is mandir mein 64 yoginiyon ki moorttiyaan banaai gayi hai. inmein se 60 moorttiyaan deevaaron ke aale mein sthit hai. shesh moorttiyaan mandir ke madhaayam mein ek chabootare par saathaapit hai. is mandir ka baahari deevaar bhi kaafi rochak hai. in deevaaron mein nau aale hain jinmein mahila paharedaar ki moorttiyaan saathaapit hai.
pravesh shulaak: 10 Ru. maatr. samay: 10 baje subah se shaam 5 baje tak. sabhi din khula rahata hai.
dhauli
- inhein bhi dekhein: dhauli, bhuvaneshvar
dhauli bhuvaneshaavar ke dakshin mein raajamaarg sankhaaya 203 par sthit hai. yeh vahi saathaan hai jahaan ashok kaling yuddh ke baad pashaachaattaap ki agni mein jala tha. isi ke baad usane bauddh dharm angeekaar kar liya aur jeevan bhar ahinsa ke sandesh ka prachaar prasaar kiya. ashok ke prasiddh pataathar saatanbhon mein ek yaheen hai. is saatanbh (257 E.poo.) mein ashok ke jeevan darshan ka varnan kiya gaya hai. yahaan ka shaanti saatoop bhi ghoomane laayak hai jo ki dhauli pahaadi ke choti par bana hua hai. is saatoop mein Bhagwan buddh ki moortti tatha unke jeevan se sambandhit vibhinaan ghatnaaon ki moorttiyaan saathaapit hai. is saatoop se 'daya nadi' ka vihangam najaara dikhta hai.
pravesh shulaak: ni:shulaak. samay: subah 6 baje se shaam 6 baje tak. sabhi din khula hua.
udayagiri aur khandagiri
udayagiri aur khandagiri ki pahaadiyaan bhuvaneshaavar se 6 kilometer ki doori par sthit hain. udayagiri aur khandagiri (praacheen naam saakandhagiri) ki pahaadiyon mein pataatharon ko kaat kar gufaaen banaai hui hain. in gufaaon ka nirmaan prasiddh chedi raaja khaaravel jain muniyon ke nivaas ke liye karavaaai the. in gufaaon mein ki gayi adhikaansh chitrakaari nashaat ho gayi hai.
gufa sankhaaya 4 jise raani gufa ke naam se bhi jaana jaata hai, do tal ka hai. yeh ek aakarshak gufa hai. ismein banaai gayi kai moorttiyaan abhi bhi surakshit avasaatha mein hain. is gufa mein safaai ka uttam prabandh tha. aisa lagta hai ki ise banaane vaale kaareegaron ka takaneeki gyaan kaafi unaanat tha.
gufa sankhaaya 10 mein jise ganesh gufa bhi kaha jaata hai vahaan ganesh ki manamohak moortti hai. is gufa ke darvaaje par do haathiyon ko darabaan ke rup mein saathaapit kiya gaya hai. lekin khandagiri gufa mein bani hui jain teerthankaron ki sabhi moorttiyaan nashaat praaya avasaatha mein hai.
Khan-paan
Orissa aur bangaali bhojan ko lagbhag ek samaan maana jaata hai lekin saavaad ke maamale mein ek-doosare se bahut bhinaan. chaaval Orissa ka pradhaan bhojan hai. 'pakhaal bhaat' yahaan ka ek lokapriya dish hai. yeh bhojan ek din pehle ke chaaval ko aaloo ke saath tal kar banaaya jaata hai. iske saath aam, aaloo bharta, badi choora (ek masaaledaar vaayanjan), poi- saag (yeh saag udeesa ke tateeya kshetron mein paaya jaata hai) khaaya jaata hai.
agar Orissa jaaen to 'chhatu tarakaari' jarur khaaen. yeh ek teekha bhojan hai jo masarum se banta hai. yahaan har khaane mein panchaforan milaane ka rivaaj hai. yeh ek khaas tarah ka masaala hota hai. jise har bhojan mein mila diya jaata hai. ise bhojan mein milaane se khaana saavaadishaat ho jaata hai. iske alaava yahaan ka tadka, daalama, peetha tatha naariyl ke tel mein bane poodi jarur khaaen.
Orissa ke logon ko bangaali ki tarah hi machhali khaane ka bahut shauk hai. machhali ka yahaan kai dish lokapriya hai. 'mahooraali-chadachadi' ek prakaar ka dish hai jo chhoti machhali se banaaya jaata hai. 'chingudi' bhi ek prakaar dish hai jo chilka jheel mein paae jaane vaale jheenga machhali se bana hota hai. yeh bhojan tarakaari ki tarah banaaya jaata hai. isi prakaar ka ek anaaya bhojan 'maachh-bhaja' hai jo meethe paani mein paaye jaane vaale rohoo machhali se bana hota hai. odiaa log 'manasa' machhali ko sarason ke tel mein tal kar bhi khaate hain.
bhuvaneshaavar mein kuchh vaayanjan kuchh khaas saathaanon par hi khaane chaahiye jaise, daalama nikko park ya raajapath mein, odeesi Bapuji nagar, saavaasaati paalaaja, me fair lagun tatha hotel kraaun mein. shaakaahaari vaayakaityon ke liye hotel harekrushaan sabse achaachha maana jaata hai.
bhuvaneshaavar se 12 kilometer door raashaatreeya raajamaarg sankhaaya 5 par Cuttack jaane vaale raasaate par paahaal gaanv mein prasiddh kaling saaveet dukaan hai. yahaan Bhaarat ke teen prasiddh mithaaiyaan rasagulaala, chenaanaapoda (chhenaapod) tatha chenaanaagaaja (chhenaagaja) milti hain. agar aap bhuvaneshaavar jaaen to in mithaaiyon ka jarur saavaad lein. saath hi yahaan ka daheebaada bhi kaafi prasidv hai joki imali ki chatani ke saath parosa jaata hai.
utpaad
yahaan pataathar se bane bahut khoobsoorat saamaan milte hain. in saamaanon mein maaoorttiyon se lekar barttan tak shaamil hai. pataathar ke bane kuchh barttanon ko jarur khareedna chaahiye. jaise, pataathar ke bane cup jise 'pathauri' kaha jaata hai. saathaaneeya logon ka maanana hai yeh dahi jamaane ke liye sabse achaachha barttan hai. pataathar ke bane in saamaanon ko raajaaya ke hasaatashilaap haat (joki utaakalika baajaar mein sthit hai) se khareedna chaahiye. iske alaave anaaya upayogi saamaanon ko mandiron ke aaspaas se bhi khareeda ja sakta hai. pataatharon se bane vasaatuon ke alaava seeng se bane vasaatuon jaise, pen saataind, kanghi, cigarette pipe tatha anaaya sajaavati vasaatuon ko bhi khareeda ja sakta hai.
Orissa ki saadiyaan bhi kaafi prasiddh hain. khaas kar jareedaar kaam waali saadi. in saadiyon ko priydarshani odeesi haindaloom,11 versaatan tauvar, kalaaniketan, kalaapana chauk ya naya sadak se khareeda ja sakta hai.