bhoomadhya rekha

vishv ke maanachitr par bhoomadhya rekha laal rang mein

golak ka mahaanatam chakr (ghera) use oopari aur nichle golaardhon mein baantaata hai.

bhoomadhya rekha pruthvi ki satah par uttari dhruv evam dakshini dhruv se saamaan doori par sthit ek kaalpanik rekha hai. yeh pruthvi ko uttari aur dakshini golaardh mein vibhaajit karti hai. doosare shabdon mein pruthvi ke kendra se sarvaadhik doorasth bhoomadhyarekheeya ubhaar par sthit binduon ko milaate hue globe par pashchim se poorv ki or kheenchi gayi kalpanik rekha ko bhoomadhya ya vishuvat rekha kehte hain. is par varsh bhar din-raat baraabar hotein hain, isliye ise vishuvat rekha bhi kehte hain. anya grahon ki vishuvat rekha ko bhi saamaan roop se paribhaashit kiya gaya hai. is rekha ke uttari or 23½a° mein kark rekha hai va dakshini or 23½a° mein makar rekha^[1] hai.^[2]

paryatan kshetron mein bhoomadhya rekha ko sadak ke kinaaron par chihnit kiya jaata hai

paribhaasha ke anusaar bhoomadhya rekha ka akshaansh shoonya (0) hota hai. pruthvi ki bhoomadhya rekha ki lambaai lagbhag 40,075 ki.mi.(24,901.5 meal) (shuddh lambaai 40,075,016.6856 meter) hai. pruthvi ke ghoornan ki dhuri aur soorya ke chaaron or pruthvi ki parikrama ki kaksha se praapt satah ke beech ke sambandh sthaapit karein, to pruthvi ki satah par akshaansh ke paanch ghere milte hain. unamein se ek yeh rekha hai, jo pruthvi ki satah par kheencha gaya mahaanatam ghera (chakr) hai. soorya apni saamayik chaal mein aakaash se, varsh mein do baar, 21 March aur 23 September ko bhoomadhya rekha ke theek oopar se gujarata hai.^[3] in dinon bhoomadhya rekha par soorya ki kirnein pruthvi ki satah ke ekdam lambavat padti hain. bhoomadhya rekha par sthit pradeshon mein sooryodaya aur sooryaast apekshaakrut adhik der se hota hai. aise sthaanon par varsh bhar, saiddhaantik roop se, 12 ghanton ke din aur raat hote hain, jabki bhoomadhya rekha ke uttar aur dakshin mein din ka samay mausam ke anusaar badalta rahata hai. jab iske uttar mein sheetakaal mein din chhote aur raat lambi hoti hain, tab iske dakshin mein greeshmakaal mein din lambe va raatein chhoti hoti hain. varsh ke doosare chhor par mausam donon golaardhon mein ekdam ulate hote hain. kintu bhoomadhya rekha par dinmaan ke saath saath mausam bhi samaan hi rahata hai.

pruthvi bhoomadhya rekha par thodi se ubhari hui hai. is rekha par pruthvi ka vyaas 12759.28 ki.mi.(7927 meal) hai, jo dhruvon ke beech ke vyaas (12713.56 ki.mi., 7900 meal) se 42.72 ki॰ami॰ adhik hai. bhoomadhya rekha ke aas-paas ke sthaan antariksh kendra ke liye achhe hain (jaise guyaana antariksh kendra, kaurooo, French guyaana), kyonki vah pruthvi ke ghoornan ke kaaran pehle se hi pruthvi par kisi bhi anya sthaan se adhik gatimaan (koneeya gati) hain aur yeh badhi hui gati, antariksh yaan ke prakshepan ke liye aavashyak indhan ki maatra ko kam kar deti hai. is prabhaav ka upayog karne ke liye antariksh yaan ko poorv disha mein prakshepit kiya jaana chaahiye |

bhoomadhya rekha ka chinh, ilheyu das rolaas, saao tome aur prinseep mein

varsha ritu aur adhik oonchaai ke bhaagon ko chhodkar, bhoomadhya rekha ke nikat varsh bhar uchch taapamaan bana rahata hai. kai ushnakatibandheeya kshetron mein log mausam ko do prakaar ka bataate hai: aardr aur shushk. fir bhi bhoomadhya rekha ke nikat adhiktar sthaan varsh bhar geele hi rahate hain aur mausam samudra tal se oonchaai aur samudra se doori jaise anek kaaranon ke anusaar badalta rahata hai. barasaati aur aardr paristhitiyon se pata chalta hai ki bhoomadhya rekheeya kshetr vishv ki sarvaadhik garm kshetr naheen hain. pruthvi ki satah par adhiktar bhoomadhya rekheeya kshetr samudra ka bhaag hai. bhoomadhya rekha ka uchchatam bindu 4690 meter oonchaai par kaayaambe jvaalaamukhi, ikvaador ke dakshini dhaal par hai.

bhoomadhya rekha 14 deshon ke sthal ya jal se hokar jaati hai. madhyaahn rekha se praarambh hokar ye poorv ki or jaati hai:

deshaantar	desh, kshetr ya saagar	tippani
0°	atalaantik mahaasaagar	gini khaadi
7° poo.	saao tome aur prinseep	ilheyu das rolaas
8°	atalaantik mahaasaagar	gini khaadi
10°	gaibaun
15°	kaungo
20°	kaango lokataantrik ganaraajya
30°	yugaanda
33°	Victoria jheel
35° 40°	kenya
41°	somaaliya
43° 50° 60° 70°	hind mahaasaagar
73°	maaladeev	gaafu dhaalu ataul evam naaviyaani ataul ke beech se gujarati hui
80° 90°	hind mahaasaagar
100°	Indonesia	baatu dweep, sumaatra evam linga dweep
105°	hind mahaasaagar	karimaata jaladamaru madhya
110°	Indonesia	borneyo
118°	hind mahaasaagar	makassar jaladamaru madhya
120°	Indonesia	sulaavesi
121°	hind mahaasaagar	tomini ki khaadi
125°	hind mahaasaagar	malakka jaladamaru madhya
127°	Indonesia	kaayoaa evam halmaahera dweep
128°	prashaant mahaasaagar	halmaahera saagar
130°	Indonesia	jeeb dweep
140° 150° 160°	prashaant mahaasaagar
173°	kiribaati	har dweep se bachati hui, araanuka aur nonouti ke beech ataul se gujarati hai
180°	prashaant mahaasaagar
176° p.	sanyukt raajya maainar aautaleing aailainds	bekar dweep - praadeshik jal se gujarateebhoomadhya rekha hovalaind dweep aur jaarvis dweep ke aaspaas ke vishesh aarthik kshetr se hokar gujarati hai, lekin apne kshetreeya jal maadhyam se naheen gujarati.
170°, 160°, 150°, 140°, 130°, 120°, 110°, 100°	prashaant mahaasaagar
90°	ikvaador	isaabela dweep ke gailaapaagos dweep samooh mein
88°	prashaant mahaasaagar
80°	ikvaador
70°	kolambiya
60° 50°	braajeel	amejn nadi mein sthit kuchh dweep bhi shaamil
40°, 30°, 20°, 10°	atalaantik mahaasaagar

• ikvetoriyl gini ke kshetr ka koi bhi ang bhoomadhya rekha par sthit naheen hai, haalaanki iske naam se prateet hota hai. haan iska dweep ainobaun bhoomadhya rekha se 155 ki.mi. (100 meal) dakshin mein hai aur desh ka baaki hissa uttar mein nihit hai. bhoomadhya rekha ko vaastav mein na chhoone wala sabse niktatam desh peroo hai.

1. ↑ jha, govind (hindi mein) (echateeem). maanak vigyaan hindi shabd kosh. vaani prakaashan. pp. 167. 6270. http://vrihad.com/bs/home.php?bookid=7097.
2. ↑ patrika par
3. ↑ (hindi mein) (echateeem) jyotish sabke liye. bhagavati pauket books. pp. 167. 6270. http://pustak.org/bs/home.php?bookid=6270.

vikimeediya kaumans par bhoomadhya rekha se sambandhit media hai.

• bhoonadhya-rekha, akshaansh, deshaantar rekhaaen (hindi) byaurevaar padhein
• bhoogol ko samajhaana aavashyak(hindi)
• vishv bhar mein bhoomadhya-rekha par smaarak (angreji)
• gyaani, shivdatt (17) (hindi mein). bhaarateeya sanskruti. Rajkamal prakaashan. pp. 244. 2502. http://vrihad.com/bs/home.php?bookid=2502.
• bhoomadhya-rekha jaalasthal