bhaarateeya rel
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is lekh mein satyaapan hetu atirikt sandarbh athva sroton ki aavashyakta hai. krupaya vishvasaneeya srot jodkar is lekh mein sudhaar karein. srotaheen saamagri ko chunauteedi ja sakti hai aur hataaya bhi ja sakta hai. (December 2014) |
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| prakaar | rel mantraalaya, Bhaarat sarkaar ka vibhaageeya upakram |
|---|---|
| udmog | railway tatha lokomotiv |
| sthaapana | 16 April, 1853, 1951[1] mein raashtreekrut |
| mukhyaalaya | nai Delhi, Bhaarat |
| kshetr | Bhaarat |
| pramukh vyakti |
kendreeya railway mantri: suresh prabhaakar prabhu adhyaksh, railway board: AK Mittal |
| utpaad | rel yaataayaat, maal-yaataayaat, anya sevaaen |
| raajasv |
 ₹ 72,655 karod (2008) (~18.16B$)[2]
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| karmachaari | ~1,20,00,000 |
| maatru company | rel mantraalaya (Bhaarat) |
| prabhaag | 17 railway mandal |
| website | bhaarateeya rel |
bhaarateeya rel (aaiaar) Asia ka sabse bada rel network hai tatha ekal prabandhanaadheen yeh vishv ka doosra sabse bada rel network hai. yeh 150 varshon se bhi adhik samay tak Bhaarat ke parivhan kshetr ka mukhya sanghatak raha hai. yeh vishv ka sabse bada niyokta hai, iske 16 lakh se bhi adhik karmachaari hain. yeh na keval desh ki mool sanrachanaataamak aavashyakataaon ko poora karne mein mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhaata hai apitu bikhre hue kshetron ko ek saath jodne mein aur desh raashaatreeya akhandata ka bhi sanvardhan karta hai. raashaatreeya aapaat sthiti ke dauraan aapada grast kshetron mein raahat saamagri pahunchaane mein bhaarateeya railway agrani raha hai.
arthavyastha mein antardesheeya parivhan ka rel mukhya maadhyam hai. yeh oorja saksham parivhan mod, jo badi maatra mein janashakti ke aavaagaman ke liye bada hi aadarsh evam upayukt hai, badi maatra mein vastuon ko laane le jaane tatha lambi doori ki yaatra ke liye atyant upayukt hai. yeh desh ki jeevan dhaara hai aur iske saamaajik-aarthik vikaas ke liye inka mahatvapoorn sthaan hai. susthaapit rel pranaali desh ke dooratam saathaanon se logon ko ek saath milaati hai aur vyaapaar karna, drushya darshan, teerth aur shiksha sambhav banaati hai. yeh jeevan star sudhaarati hai aur is prakaar se udyog aur krushi ka vikaasasheel tvarit karne mein sahaayata karta hai.
Bhaarat mein relon ki shuruaat
Bhaarat mein relon ki shuruaat 1853 mein angrejon dvaara apni praashaasanik suvidha ke liye ki gayi thi parantu aaj Bhaarat ke jyaadaatar hisson mein railway ka jaal bichha hua hai aur rel, parivhan ka sasta aur mukhya saadhan ban chuki hai. san 1853 mein bahut hi maamooli shurooaat se jab pehli ap train ne Mumbai se thaane tak (34 ki॰ami॰ ki doori) ki doori tay ki thi, ab bhaarateeya rel vishaal network mein viksit ho chuka hai. iske 115,000 ki.mi.maarg ki lanbaai par 7,172 saateshan faile hue hain.[3] unke paas 7,910 injanon ka beda hain; 42,441 savaari sevaadhaan, 5,822 anaaya coach yaan, 2,22,379 wagon (31 March 2005 ki sthiti ke anusaar). bhaarateeya rel bahul gej pranaali hai; jismein chaudi gej (1.676 mi mi) meter gej (1.000 mi mi); aur patali gej (0.762 mi mi. aur 610 mi. mi) hai. unki patariyon ki lanbaai kramash: 89,771 ki.mi; 15,684 ki॰ami॰ aur 3,350 ki॰ami॰ hai. jabki gejavaar maarg ki lanbaai kramash: 47,749 ki.mi; 12,662 ki॰ami॰ aur 3,054 ki॰ami॰ hai. kul chaaloo patariyon ki lanbaai 84,260 ki॰ami॰ hai jismein se 67,932 ki॰ami॰ chaudi gej, 13,271 ki॰ami॰ meter gej aur 3,057 ki॰ami॰ patali gej hai. lagbhag maarg kilo meter ka 28 pratishat, chaaloo patari 39 pratishat aur 40 pratishat kul patariyon ka vidyuteekaran kiya ja chuka hai.
mukhya khand
bhaarateeya rel ke do mukhaaya khand hain - bhaada/maal vaahan aur savaari. bhaada khand lagbhag do tihaai raajasaav jutaata hai jabki shesh savaari yaataayaat se aata hai. bhaada khand ke bheetar thok yaataayaat ka yogadaan lagbhag 95 pratishat se adhik koyale se aata hai. varsh 2002-03 se savaari aur bhaada dhaancha yauktikeekaran karne ki prakriya mein vaataanukoolit pratham varg ka saapeksh soochakaank ko 1400 se ghataakar 1150 kar diya gaya hai. AC-2 tyre ka saapeksh soochakaank 720 se 650 kar diya gaya hai. AC pratham varg ke kiraae mein lagbhag 18 pratishat ki katauti ki gayi hai aur AC-2 tyre ka 10 pratishat ghataaya gaya hai. 2005-06 mein maal yaataayaat mein vasaatuon ki sankhaaya 4000 vasaatuon se kam karke 80 mukhaaya vasaatu samooh mein rakha gaya hai aur adhik 2006-07 mein 27 samoohon mein rakha gaya hai. bhaada prabhaarit karne ke liye vargon ki kul sankhaaya ko ghataakar 59 se 17 kar diya gaya hai.
antargat upakram
Bhaarat mein rel mantraalaya, rel parivhan ke vikaas aur rakharakhaav ke liye nodal praadhikran hai. yeh vibhnaan neetiyon ke nirmaan aur rel pranaali ke kaarya prachaalan ki dekh-rekh karne mein rat hai. bhaarateeya rel ke kaaryachaalan ki vibhinaan pahaluon ki dekhbhaal karne ke liye isne anekaanek sarkaari kshetr ke upakram saathaapit kiye hain :- rel India tekaaneekal evam economic sarvisej limited (aar I ti E S) Indian railway kanaasaatrakaashan (I aar si O N) antararaashaatreeya limited Indian railway finance kaurporeshan limited (I aar ef si) kantaner kaurporeshan of India limited (si O N si O aar) konkan railway kaurporeshan limited (ke aar si L) Indian railway catering end toorijaam kaurporeshan limited (I aar si ti aar) relatel kaurporeshan of India limited (relatel) Mumbai railway vikaas kaurporeshan limited (M aar vi si limited.) rel vikaas nigam limited (aar vi N I)
anusandhaan, dijaain aur maanak sangathan
aar di S O ke atirikaat Lucknow mein anusandhaan aur vikaas saakandh (aar end di) bhaarateeya rel ka hai. yeh takaneeki maamalon mein mantraalaya ke paraamarshadaata ke roop mein kaarya karta hai. yeh rel vinirmaan aur dijaainon se sambandh anaaya sangathanon ko bhi paraamarsh deta hai. 'rel soochana pranaali ke liye bhi kendra hai (si aar I S)', jiski saathaapana vibhinaan kamaapaayootareekaran pariyojanaaon ka khaaka taiyaar karne aur kriyaanaavan karne ke liye ki gayi hai. inke saath-saath chhah utaapaadan ikaaiyaaain hain jo roling saatauk, pahiye, ekaasel aur rel ke anaaya sahaayak sanghatakon ke vinirmaan mein rat hai arthaat, chitranjan loko varks; diesel engine aadhunikeekaran kaarkhaana; diesel engine kaarkhaana; ekeekrut coach faikaatari; rel coach faikaatari; aur rel pahiya faikaatari.
desh ke vikaas mein
desh ke audyogik aur krushi kshetr ki taavarit pragati ne rel parivhan ki uchaach saatareeya maang ka srujan kiya hai, visheshakar mukhaaya kshetrakon mein jaise koyala, lauh aur isaapaat ayasaak, petrolium utaapaad aur anivaarya vasaatuen jaise khaadyaanaan, urvarak, cement, cheeni, namak, khaadya tel aadi. tadnusaar bhaarateeya rel mein rel praudyogiki ki pragati ko aataamasaat karne ke liye anekaanek prayaas kiye hain aur bahut se rel upakaranon jaise roling saatauk ke utaapaadan mein aataamanirbhar ho gaya hai. yeh indhan kifaayati, nai dijaain ke uchaach haurs power vaale engine, uchaach gati ke coach aur maal yaataayaat ke liye aadhunik bogiyon ko kaarya mein lagaane ki prakriya kar raha hai. aadhunik sigaanaling jaise panel-intar lauking, root rile intar lauking, keindreekrut yaataayaat niyantran, saavat: sigaanaling aur bahu pahaloo rangeen prakaash sigaanaling ki bhi shurooaat ki ja rahi hai.
aadhunikeekaran
aise network ko aadhunik banaane, sudrudh karne aur iska visaataar karne ke liye Bhaarat sarkaar niji poonji tatha rel ke vibhinaan vargon mein, jaise pataatan mein- pataatan sampark ke liye pariyojanaaen, gej parivartan, doorasaath/pichhde kshetron ko jodne, nai line bichhaane, sundaraban parivhan aadi ke liye raajaaya nidhiyn ko aaaakarshit karna chaahati hai. iske atirikaat sarkaar ne dilaali, Mumbai, chainnai, baingaloor, Hyderabad aur Kolkata metropolitan shaharon mein rel aadhaarit maas repid traanjit pranaali shuroo ki hai. pariyojana ka lakshaaya, shaharon ke yaatriyon ke liye vishaavasaneeya surakshit evam pradooshan rahit yaatra muhaiya karaana hai. yeh parivhan ka sabse tej saadhan sunishchit karti hai, samay ki bachat karti evam durghatana kam karti hai. is pariyojana ne ulaalekhaneeya pragati ki hai. visheshakar dilaali metro rel pariyojana ka kaarya nishaapaadan saamaraneeya hai. dilaali metro ka pehla charan poori tarah kaaryarat hai aur yeh apne network ka visaataar rajdhani shahar ke baahar kar raha hai.
mool sanrachana vikaas
Bhaarat mein rel mool sanrachana ke vikaas mein niji kshetron ki bhaageedaari ka dheere-dheere visaataar ho raha hai, maan aur sambhaavana donon mein. udaaharan ke liye, peepaavaav railway kaurporeshan limited (peeaaraseeel) rel parivhan mein pehla sarkaari niji bhaageedaari ka mool sanrachana model hai. yeh bhaarateeya rel aur Gujarat peepaavaav port limited ki sanyukaat udyam company hai, jiski saathaapana 271 ki॰mee॰ lambi chaudi gej rel lines ka nirmaan, rakharakhaav aur sanchaalan karne ke liye ki gayi hai, yeh Gujarat raajaaya mein peepaavaav pataatan ko pashchimi rel ke surenaadr nagar jankaashan se jodati hai.
mukhya khand
bhaarateeya rel ke do mukhaaya khand hain - bhaada/maal vaahan aur savaari. bhaada khand lagbhag do tihaai raajasaav jutaata hai jabki shesh savaari yaataayaat se aata hai. bhaada khand ke bheetar thok yaataayaat ka yogadaan lagbhag 95 pratishat se adhik koyale se aata hai. varsh 2002-03 se savaari aur bhaada dhaancha yauktikeekaran karne ki prakriya mein vaataanukoolit pratham varg ka saapeksh soochakaank ko 1400 se ghataakar 1150 kar diya gaya hai. AC-2 tyre ka saapeksh soochakaank 720 se 650 kar diya gaya hai. AC pratham varg ke kiraae mein lagbhag 18 pratishat ki katauti ki gayi hai aur AC-2 tyre ka 10 pratishat ghataaya gaya hai. 2005-06 mein maal yaataayaat mein vasaatuon ki sankhaaya 4000 vasaatuon se kam karke 80 mukhaaya vasaatu samooh rakha gaya hai aur adhik 2006-07 mein 27 samoohon mein rakha gaya hai. bhaada prabhaarit karne ke liye vargon ki kul sankhaaya ko ghataakar 59 se 17 kar diya gaya hai.
antargat upakram
Bhaarat mein rel mantraalaya, rel parivhan ke vikaas aur rakharakhaav ke liye nodal praadhikran hai. yeh vibhnaan neetiyon ke nirmaan aur rel pranaali ke kaarya prachaalan ki dekh-rekh karne mein rat hai. bhaarateeya rel ke kaaryachaalan ki vibhinaan pahaluon ki dekhbhaal karne ke liye isne anekaanek sarkaari kshetr ke upakram saathaapit kiye hain :-
- rel India tekaaneekal evam economic sarvisej limited (aar I ti E S)
- Indian railway kanaasaatrakaashan (I aar si O N) antararaashaatreeya limited
- Indian railway finance kaurporeshan limited (I aar ef si)
- kantaner kaurporeshan of India limited (si O N si O aar)
- konkan railway kaurporeshan limited (ke aar si L)
- Indian railway catering end toorijaam kaurporeshan limited (I aar si ti aar)
- relatel kaurporeshan of India limited (relatel)
- Mumbai railway vikaas kaurporeshan limited (M aar vi si limited.)
- rel vikaas nigam limited (aar vi N I)
anusandhaan, dijaain aur maanak sangathan
aaradeeesao ke atirikaat Lucknow mein anusandhaan aur vikaas saakandh (aar end di) bhaarateeya rel ka hai. yeh takaneeki maamalon mein mantraalaya ke paraamarshadaata ke roop mein kaarya karta hai. yeh rel vinirmaan aur dijaainon se sambaddh anaaya sangathanon ko bhi paraamarsh deta hai. 'rel soochana pranaali ke liye bhi kendra hai (seeaaraaaies)', jiski saathaapana vibhinaan kamaapaayootareekaran pariyojanaaon ka khaaka taiyaar karne aur kriyaanaavayan karne ke liye ki gayi hai. inke saath-saath chhah utaapaadan yoonitein hain jo roling saatauk, pahiye, ekaasel aur rel ke anaaya sahaayak sanghatakon ke vinirmaan mein rat hain arthaat, chitranjan loko varks; diesel engine aadhunikeekaran kaarkhaana; diesel engine kaarkhaana; ekeekrut coach faikaatari; rel coach faikaatari; aur rel pahiya faikaatari.
desh ke vikaas mein
desh ke audyogik aur krushi kshetr ki taavarit pragati ne rel parivhan ki uchaach saatareeya maang ka srujan kiya hai, visheshakar mukhaaya kshetrakon mein jaise koyala, lauh aur isaapaat ayasaak, petrolium utaapaad aur anivaarya vasaatuen jaise khaadyaanaan, urvarak, cement, cheeni, namak, khaadya tel aadi. tadnusaar bhaarateeya rel mein rel praudyogiki ki pragati ko aataamasaat karne ke liye anekaanek prayaas kiye hain aur bahut se rel upakaranon jaise roling saatauk ke utaapaadan mein aataamanirbhar ho gaya hai. yeh indhan kifaayati nai dijaain ke uchaach haurs power vaale engine, uchaach gati ke coach aur maal yaataayaat ke liye aadhunik bogiyon ko kaarya mein lagaane ki prakriya kar raha hai. aadhunik sigaanaling jaise panel-intar lauking, root reele intar lauking, keindreekrut yaataayaat niyantran, saavat: sigaanaling aur bahu pahaloo rangeen prakaash sigaanaling ki bhi shurooaat ki ja rahi hai.
aadhunikeekaran
aise network ko aadhunik banaane, sudrudh karne aur iska visaataar karne ke liye Bhaarat sarkaar niji poonji tatha rel ke vibhinaan vargon mein, jaise pataatan mein- pataatan park ke liye pariyojanaaen, gej parivartan, doorasaath/pichhde kshetron ko jodne, nai line bichhaane sundaraban parivhan aadi ke liye raajaaya nidhiyn ko aaaakarshit karna chaahati hai. iske atirikaat sarkaar ne dilaali, Mumbai, chenaanai, baingaloor, Hyderabad aur Kolkata metropolitan shaharon mein rel aadhaarit maas repit traanjit pranaali shuroo ki hai. pariyojana ka lakshaaya, shaharon ke yaatriyon ke liye vishaavaasaneeya surakshit evam pradooshan rahit yaatra muhaiya karaana hai. yeh parivhan ka sabse tej saadhan sunishchit karti hai, samay ki bachat karti evam durghatana kam karti hai. is pariyojana ne ulaalekhaneeya pragati ki hai visheshakar dilaali metro rel pariyojana ka kaarya nishaapaadan saamaraneeya hai. dilaali metro ka pehla charan poori tarah kaaryarat hai aur yeh apne network ka visaataar rajdhani shahar ke baahar kar raha hai.
mool sanrachana vikaas
Bhaarat mein rel mool sanrachana ke vikaas mein niji kshetron ki bhaageedaari ka dheere-dheere visaataar ho raha hain maan aur sambhaavana donon mein. udaaharan ke liye, peepaavaav railway kaurporeshan limited (peeaaraseeel) rel parivhan mein pehla sarkaari niji bhaageedaari ka mool sanrachana model hai. yeh bhaarateeya rel aur Gujarat peepaavaav port limited ki sanyukaat udyam company hai, jiski saathaapana 271 ki॰mee॰ lambi chaudi gej rel lines ka nirmaan, rakharakhaav aur sanchaalan karne ke liye ki gayi hai, yeh Gujarat raajaaya mein peepaavaav pataatan ko pashchimi rel ke surenaadr nagar jankaashan se jodati hai.
rel bajat
iske atirikaat rel ko bajateeya sahaayata varshanuvarsh badh rahi hai. rel bajat 2007-08, ke anusaar varsh 2006-07 ke pratham nau maahon ke dauraan rel ne record tod nishaapaadan darshaaya hai. savaari laabh 14 pratishat ki vruddhi ke saath badha hai aur isi avadhi mein anaaya coaching arjan 48 pratishat badha hai. satrah pratishat ki ek aitihaasik vruddhi maal arjan aur sakal yaataayaat arjan, donon mein darj ki gayi hai. sakal yaataayaat raajasaav 63,120 karod rupae anumaanit hai jo vigat varsh ki tulana mein 17 pratishat adhik hai aur bajat anumaan se 5.5 pratishat adhik hai.
panchavarsheeya yojanaantargat
yaataayaat ki sthiti tatha suraksha mein sudhaar ev nai praudyogiki ki pun : saathaapana karne ke liye mantraalaya ne anek sudhaar ke upaaya kiye hain arthaat desh mein vishaavasaatareeya rel ka vikaas karna. tadnusaar bajat mein rel ke liye ek naya profaail 11veen panchavarsheeya yojana ke liye taiyaar kiya gaya hai. ismein nimaanalikhit shaamil hain:-
1,100 million tan ka maal ladaan aur 840 karod savaari 11veen yojana ki avadhi varsh mein karne ka lakshaaya
- parivhan kshamata dohari karne aur pramaatra badhaane ke dvaara parivhan ki unit laagat kam karne par sankeindran.
- alaapaavadhik kaaryaneeti - baadhaaon ko door karne aur gahan parismaapatti upayog sunishchit karne ke liye nimaan laagat aur adhik pratifl waali pariyojanaaon mein nivesh;
- madhaaya aur deerghaavadhik kaaryaneeti - network visaataar aur aadhunikeekaran ke liye dohara tareeka tatha takaneeki unaanayan;
- adhik mahataavapoorn bhoomika nibhaane ke liye sarkaari niji bhaageedaari.
- poorvi aur pashchimi samarpit maal koreedor ka 30,000 karod rupae ki laagat par nirmaan varsh 2007-08 se praarambh karna aur 11veen yojana ke dauraan isko poora karna.
- poorvi-pashchimi, poorv-dakshin, utaatar-dakshin aur dakshin-dakshin koreedor ke liye vaayaavahaarya poorv sarvekshan.
- adhikaansh meter gej laainon ko is panchavarsheeya yojana ke ant tak meter gej mein parivrtit kiya jaana hai.
- uchaach gati ki savaari koreedor ka nirmaan 300ki.mi./ghanta se adhik ki gati mein train chalaane ke liye kiya jaana hai.
- chenaanai, Kolkata aur Mumbai mein vaataanukoolit subaraban train aur esaakaaletar ki vaayavasaatha mahataavapoorn saateshan mein karna.
- vigat yojana ki tulana mein chal saatauk ka utaapaadan dohara karna hai.
- uchaach haurs power aur kam oorja vaale engine ka utaapaadan badhaana.
maal vaahan vaayaapaar mein sudhaar ke liye ki gain anaaya pahalein hain:-
- maal ladaan ke liye 2007-08 mein 785 million tan ka lakshaaya rakha gaya
- mission 200 million tan rel ka lakshaaya 200 M ti ka adhik share cement aur isaapaat ke parivhan mein 2011-12 tak hai.
- mission 100 M ti - 100 M ti lakshaaya ka kantaner yaataayaat 2011-12 tak
- diesel maarg par trisaataik kantaner trainon aur vidyuteekrut maarg par dohara saataik kantaner trainon ke liye yojana banaana.
- maal tarminlaas sanchaalan ka unaanayan 15 raik prati maah
- adhik maargon par 22.9 tan aur 25 tan ekaasel lod fret train chalaana .
- vegan vinirmaataaon ko uchaach peya lod aur nai praudyogiki vaale wagon ki design karne ke liye protaasaahit karna
jabki savaari vaayaapaar ki pahalon mein nimaanalikhit shaamil hain :-
- lokapriya trainon mein 800 anaaya coach jode jaane hain.
- anaarakshit dviteeya shreni ke coachon mein gaddeedaar seat dene ki yojana
- prataayek naya train mein chaar se chhah anaarakshit dviteeya shreni ke coach badhaana
- varishaath naagrikon aur 45 varsh se adhik aayu ki mahilaaon ke liye, jo akele yaatra karti hain nichli barth ke aarakshan ki suvidha.
- shaareerik roop se viklaang savaariyon ke liye vishesh coachon ki vaayavasaatha badhaana.
- adhik suvidhaajanak, aaraamadaayak aur adhik kshamata vaale nae design ke coachon ka vinirmaan kiya jaana.
- aadhunik saateshanon ke roop mein aur 300 saateshanon ka vikaas kiya jaana.
- varsh 2007 safaai varsh ghoshit-saateshan parisaron, savaari trainon, rel laainon, prateekshaalayon aadi mein saavachaachhata sunishchit karne ke liye vishesh abhiyaan.
mahatvapoorn rel evam upalabdhiyaaain
- Darjiling himaalayan railway jo patali gej ki ek bahut puraani rel vyavastha hai use yoonesko dvaara vishv viraasat ghoshit kiya gaya hai. yeh rel abhi bhi diesel se chalit injanon dvaara kheenchi jaati hai. aajkal yeh new jalapaaigudi se sileegudi tak chalti hai. is raaste mein sabse ooainchaai par sthit station ghoom hai.
- neelagiri parvateeya rel ise bhi vishv viraasat ghoshit kiya gaya hai.
- pailes aan vheels
- samjhauta express
- konkan railway
- dekan odisi
- thaar express
- shataabdi express
- rajdhani express
- life laain express bhaarateeya rel ki chalant aspataal seva jo durghatanaaon evam anya sthitiyon mein prayog ki jaati hai.
relakshetr
prashaasanik suvidha evam relon ke parichaalan ki suvidha ki drushti se bhaarateeya rel ko satrah kshetr ya jons mein baaainta gaya hai.
†konkan railway bhaarateeya rel ke ek anushaangik ikaai ke roop mein parantu svaayatt roop se parichaalit honevaali rel vyavastha hai jiska mukhyaalaya navi Mumbai ke belaapur mein rakha gaya hai. yeh seedhe railway board evam keindreeya railmantri ke nigraani mein kaam karta hai.
haalaaainki Kolkata metro bhaarateeya rel dvaara hi sanchaalit hoti hai parantu ise kisi jon mein naheen rakha gaya hai. prashaasanik roop se ise ek kshetreeya railway ke roop mein dekha jaata hai. har jon mein kuchh relamandal hote hain, is samay Bhaarat me kul 67 relamandal hai jo uparokt 17 rel-kshetr (jon) ke antargat kaarya karte hain.
anukram
sandarbh
- ↑ sudheer paal Singh (16-02-2015). "18 interesting facts about India Railways". bijnes staindard. http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/18-interesting-facts-about-india-railways-business-standard-news-115021600404_1.html. abhigman tithi: 12-01-2016.
- ↑ bajat haailaait
- ↑ a aa raashtreeyakrut
yeh bhi dekhein
baahari kadiyaaain
- bhaarateeya rel ka aadhikaarik jaalasthal-hindi mein
- uttar-pashchim railway ke baarein mein
- bhaarateeya rel ke ticket aaainalaain khareedne ka jaalasthal
- bhaarateeya rel: rel samay saarini, aarakshan sthiti ki jaaainch ityaadi-redif daat kaam dvaara
- railway ke baare mein kaafi kuchh
- rel time-table aur nakshe - India rel info
- bhaarateeya rel sahaayata website