bhaarateeya raashtreeya Congress
| bhaarateeya raashtreeya kaaaingres | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| dal adhyaksh | Sonia Gandhi |
| sansadeeya dal adhyaksh | Sonia Gandhi |
| neta Loksabha | mallikaarjun khadge (vipaksh ke neta) |
| neta Rajyasabha |
gulaam nabi aajaad (vipaksh ke neta) |
| gathan | 1885 |
| Loksabha me seaton ki sankhya |
44 / 545
|
| Rajyasabha me seaton ki sankhya |
70 / 245
|
| vichaaradhaara |
lokalubhaavanavaad alpasankhyak sanrakshan janataantrik samaajavaad saamaajik lokatantr |
| prakaashan | kaaaingres sandesh |
| rang | aasamaani |
| vidyaarthi shaakha | national student union of India (NSUI) |
| yuva shaakha | Indian yooth Congress |
| mahila shaakha | mahila Congress |
| shramik shaakha | Indian national trade union Congress (intak) |
| jaalasthal | www.aicc.org.in |
|
Bhaarat ki raajaneeti raajanaitik dal chunaav |
|
bhaarateeya raashtreeya Congress Bhaarat ka ek raajanaitik dal hai. british raaj mein is dal ki sthaapana[1] 28 December san 1885 ko A O hyoom[2] ne ki thi. is dal ki vartamaan adhyaksh Sonia Gandhi hain. yeh dal kaaaingres sandesh naamak buletin ka prakaashan bhi karta hai. is dal ka yuva sangathan bhaarateeya yuva kaaaingres hai. 2004 ke sansadeeya chunaav mein is dal ne 10,34,05,272 mat (kul maton ka 26.7%) praapt karke 145 seatein jeeti theen.[3]
anukram
itihaas
svatantrata sangraam
bhaarateeya raashtreeya kaaaingres ki sthaapana 72 pratinidhiyon ki upasthiti ke saath 28 December 1885 ko Bombay ke gokuladaas tejapaal sanskrut mahaavidyaalaya mein hui thi. iske sansthaapak mahaasachiv (general sekretari) A O hyoom the jinhonne kalakatte ke vyomesh chandr Bannerjee ko adhyaksh niyukt kiya tha. apne shuruaati dinon mein kaaaingres ka drushtikon ek kuleen varg ki sanstha ka tha. iske shuruaati sadasya mukhya roop se Bombay aur Madras preseedeinsi se liye gaye the. kaaaingres mein Swaraj ka lakshya sabse pehle baal gangaadhar tilk ne apnaaya tha.[4]
1907 mein kaaaingres mein do dal ban chuke the - garam dal evam naram dal. garam dal ka netrutv baal gangaadhar tilk, laala laajapat rai evam bipin chandra paal (jinhein laal-baal-paal bhi kaha jaata hai) kar rahe the. naram dal ka netrutv gopaal Krishna gokhale, Ferozshah Mehta evam daada bhaai nauroji kar rahe the. garam dal poorn Swaraj ki maaaing kar raha tha parantu naram dal british raaj mein svashaasan chaahata tha. pratham vishv yuddh ke chhidne ke baad san 1916 ki Lucknow baithak mein donon dal fir ek ho gaye aur hom rool aandolan ki shuruaat hui jiske tahat british raaj mein Bhaarat ke liye adhiraajakiya pad(arthaat dominiyn status) ki maaaing ki gayi.
parantu 1915 mein gaaaindhi ji ke Bhaarat aagaman ke saath kaaaingres mein bahut bada badlaav aaya. champaaran evam kheda mein bhaarateeya svatantrata sangraam ko jan samarthan se apni pehli safalta mili. 1919 mein jaaliyaaainvaala baag hatyaakaand ke pashchaat gaandhi kaaaingres ke mahaasachiv bane. unke maargadarshan mein kaaaingres kuleen vargeeya sanstha se badalkar ek janasamudaaya sanstha ban gayi. tatpashchaat raashtreeya netaaon ki ek nayi peedhi aayi jismein sardaar vallabhabhaai Patel, javaaharalaal Nehru, Doctor Rajendra prasaad, mahaadev Desai evam subhaash chandra Bose aadi shaamil the. gaandhi ke netrutv mein pradesh kaaaingres kametiyon ka nirmaan hua, kaaaingres mein sabhi padon ke liye chunaav ki shuruaat hui evam kaaryavaahiyon ke liye bhaarateeya bhaashaaon ka prayog shuroo hua. kaaaingres ne kai praanton mein saamaajik samasyaaon ko hataane ke prayatn kiye jinmein chhuaachhoot, pardaapratha evam madyapaan aadi shaamil the.[5]
svatantr Bhaarat
1947 mein Bhaarat ki svatantrata ke baad se bhaarateeya raashtreeya Congress Bhaarat ke mukhya raajanaitik dalon mein se ek rahi hai. is dal ke kai pramukh neta Bhaarat ke pradhaanamantri rah chuke hain. javaaharalaal Nehru, laal bahaadur shaastri, Nehru ki putri indira gaandhi evam unke naati Rajiv gaandhi isi dal se the. Rajiv Gandhi ke baad seetaaraam kesari Congress ke adhyaksh bane jinhe Sonia Gandhi ke samarthakon ne nikaala tatha Sonia ko haaikamaan banaaya, ab Rajiv gaandhi ki patni Sonia gaandhi Congress ki adhyaksh hone ke saath UPA ki cheyaraparsan bhi hain. unke sarkaar mein manishankar ayyar, Kapil sibbal tatha kaaaingres mahaasachiv digvijya Singh, Ahmad Patel aur Rashid alvi, raaj babbar, Rahul Gandhi, maneesh tivaari bhi hai. poorv bhaarateeya pradhaanamantri dau॰ Manmohan Singh bhi isi dal se taalluk rakhate hain.
kaaaingres ki neetiyon ka virodh
samay-samay par vibhinn netaao ne kaaaingres ki neetiyon ka virodh kiya aur use hataane ke liye sangharsh kiya. inmein raamamanohar lohiya ka naam agrani hai jo javaaharalaal Nehru ke kattar virodhi the. iske alaava jayaprakaash Narayan ne indira Gandhi ki satta ko ukhaad feinka. vishvanaath prataap Singh ne bofors dalaali kaand ko lekar Rajiv Gandhi ko satta se hata diya.
lohiya ka 'kaaaingres hataao' aandolan
Ram manohar lohiya logon ko aagaah karte aa rahe the ki desh ki haalat ko sudhaarane mein kaaaingres naakaam rahi hai. kaaaingres shaasan naye samaaj ki rachana mein sabse bada roda hai. usaka satta mein bane rahana desh ke liye hitkar naheen hai. isaliye lohiya ne naara diya - "kaaaingres hataao, desh bachaao."
1967 ke aam chunaav mein ek bada parivartan hua. desh ke 9 raajyon - pashchim Bengal, Bihar, udeesa, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Haryana, Punjab aur uttar pradesh mein gair kaaaingresi sarkaarein gathit ho gayeen. lohiya is parivartan ke praneta aur sootradhaar bane.
JP aandolan
san 1974 mein jayaprakaash Narayan ne indira gaandhi ki satta ko ukhaad fekane ke liye sampoorn kraanti ka naara diya. aandolan ko bhaari janasamarthan mila. isse nipatne ke liye indira gaandhi ne desh mein imarjeinsi laga di. sabhi virodhi neta jailon mein thooains diye gaye. iska aam janta mein jamkar virodh hua. janta party ki sthaapana hui aur san 1977 mein kaaaingres party buri tarah haari. puraane kaaaingresi neta moraaraji Desai ke netrutv mein janta party ki sarkaar bani kintu chaudhari charan Singh ki mahatvaakaanksha ke kaaran vah sarkaar adhik dinon tak na chal saki.
bhrashtaachaar-virodhi aandolan
san 1987 mein yeh baat saamane aayi thi ki sveedan ki hathiyaar company bofors ne bhaarateeya sena ko topein saplaai karne ka sauda hathiyaane ke liye 80 lakh dollar ki dalaali chukaayi thi. us samay kendra mein kaaaingres ki sarkaar thi aur uske pradhaanamantri Rajiv gaandhi the. sveedan radio ne sabse pehle 1987 mein iska khulaasa kiya. ise hi bofors ghotaala ya bofors kaand ke naam se jaana jaata hain. is khulaase ke baad vishvanaath prataap Singh ne sarkaar ke khilaaf bhrashtaachaar-virodhi aandolan chalaaya jiske parinaam svaroop vishvanaath prataap Singh pradhaan mantri bane.
vipaksh ke neta
inhein bhi dekhein
sandarbh
- ↑ kraant, madanalaal varma (2006) (Hindi mein) svaadheenata sangraam ke kraantikaari saahitya ka itihaas 1 (1 san॰) nai Delhi: praveen prakaashan pa॰ 13 aai॰aऍsa॰abee॰aऍna॰ 81-7783-119-4 http://www.worldcat.org/title/svadhinata-sangrama-ke-krantikari-sahitya-ka-itihasa/oclc/271682218. abhigman tithi: 11 January 2014 "kaaaingres ki sthaapana se poorv desh mein kuchh aise tatv vidyamaan the jo yeh sochate the ki jab angrejon ko hi yahaaain shaasan karna hai to fir kyon na unase mitrata banaakar aur unki 'prashasti-stuti' ya 'ji hujoori' karke apne liye kuchh vishesh adhikaar praapt kiye jaayein. inheen tatvon ne milkar raajaneetik prushthabhoomi ko is yogya banaaya jis par videshi bhaavabhoomi se aayaatit kaaaingres ka sankar beej boya ja saka."
- ↑ http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/73b4862g?display=all
- ↑ http://www.allianceofdemocrats.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=63&Itemid=26
- ↑ John F. Riddick (2006), The history of British India: a chronology, Greenwood Publishing Group, aai॰aऍsa॰abee॰aऍna॰ 0313322805, http://books.google.com/?id=Es6x4u_g19UC
- ↑ http://books.google.co.in/books?id=LdvfAAAAMAAJ