baagh
| baagh | ||||||||||||||
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 Bengal baagh (P. tigris tigris) Bandhavgadh raashtreeya udyaan mein
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| sanrakshan sthiti | ||||||||||||||
| vaigyaanik vargeekaran | ||||||||||||||
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| dvipd naam | ||||||||||||||
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Panthera tigris (kaarl leeniys, 1758) |
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![बाघों का ऐतिहासिक वितरण (पेल येलो) एवं 2006 (हरा).[2]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hi/thumb/d/da/Tiger_map_hindi.jpg/250px-Tiger_map_hindi.jpg) baaghon ka aitihaasik vitran (pel yelo) evam 2006 (hara).[2]
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| paryaaya | ||||||||||||||
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Tigris striatus sevartjov, 1858 |
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 Bhaarat ke raashtreeya prateek |
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|---|---|
| dhvaj | tiranga |
| raashtreeya chinh | ashok ki laat |
| raashtra-gaan | jan gan man |
| raashtra-geet | vande maataram |
| pashu | baagh |
| jaleeya jeev | ganga daalafin |
| pakshi | mor |
| pushp | kamal |
| vruksh | bargad |
| fal | aam |
| khel | maidaani hockey |
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panyachaang
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shak samvat
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| sandarbh |
"Bhaarat ke raashtreeya prateek" bhaarateeya dootaavaas, landan Retreived 03-09-2007 |
baagh jungle mein rahane wala maansaahaari stanapaayi pashu hai. yeh apni prajaati mein sabse bada aur taakatavar pashu hai. yeh Tibet, Sri Lanka aur andamaan nikobaar dweep-samooh ko chhodkar Asia ke anya sabhi bhaagon mein paaya jaata hai. yeh Bhaarat, Nepal, bhootaan, Korea, Afghanistan aur Indonesia mein adhik sankhya mein paaya jaata hai. iske shareer ka rang laal aur peela ka mishran hai. is par kaale rang ki patti paayi jaati hai. vaksh ke bheetari bhaag aur paaainv ka rang safed hota hai. baagh 13 feet lamba aur 300 kilo vajani ho sakta hai. baagh ka vaigyaanik naam peinthera tigris hai. yeh Bhaarat ka raashtreeya pashu bhi hai. baagh shabd sanskrut ke vyaaghr ka tadabhav roop hai.
anukram
jeevan shaili
ise van, daladali kshetr tatha ghaas ke maidaanon ke paas rahana pasand hai. iska aahaar mukhya roop se saanbhar, cheetal, jangali sooar, bhainse jangali hiran, gaur aur manushya ke paalatoo pashu hain. apne bade vajan aur taakat ke alaava baagh apni dhaariyon se pahachaana ja sakta hai. baagh ki sunane, sooainghane aur dekhne ki kshamata teevr hoti hai. baagh aksar peechhe se hamla karta hai. dhaareedaar shareer ke kaaran shikaar ka peechha karte samay vah jhaadiyon ke beech is prakaar chhipa rahata hai ki shikaar use dekh hi naheen paata. baagh badi ekaagrata aur dheeraj se shikaar karta hai. yadyapi vah bahut tej raftaar se daud sakta hai, bhaari-bharakam shareer ke kaaran vah bahut jald thak jaata hai. isliye shikaar ko lambi doori tak peechha karna uske bas ki baat naheen hai. vah chhipkar shikaar ke bahut nikat tak pahuainchata hai aur fir ek dam se us par kood padta hai. yadi kuchh gaj ki doori mein hi shikaar ko daboch na saka, to vah use chhod deta hai. har bees prayaason mein use ausatan keval ek baar hi safalta haath lagti hai kyonki kudarat ne baagh ki har chaal ki tod shikaar bananevaale praaniyon ko di hai. baagh saamaanyat: din mein cheetal, jangali sooar aur kabhi-kabhi gaur ke bachchon ka shikaar karta hai. baagh adhiktar akele hi rahata hai. har baagh ka apna ek nishchit kshetr hota hai. keval prajananakaal mein nar maada ikattha hote hain.[4] lagbhag saadhe teen maheene ka garbhaadhaan kaal hota hai aur ek baar mein 2-3 shaavak janm lete hain. baaghin apne bachche ke saath rahati hai. baagh ke bachche shikaar pakadne ki kala apni maaain se seekhate hain. dhaai varsh ke baad ye svatantr rahane lagte hain. iski aayu lagbhag 19 varsh hoti hai.
sanrakshan
baagh ek atyant sankatagrast praani hai. ise vaas sthalon ki kshati aur avaidh shikaar ka sankat bana hi rahata hai. poori duniya mein usaki sankhya 6,000 se bhi kam hai. unamein se lagbhag 4,000 Bhaarat mein paae jaate hain. Bhaarat ke baagh ko ek alag prajaati maana jaata hai, jiska vaigyaanik naam hai peinthera taaigris taaigris. baagh ki nau prajaatiyon mein se teen ab vilupt ho chuki hain. gyaat aath kisaamon ki prajaati mein se raayal Bengal tiger utaatar poorvi kshetron ko chhodkar desh bhar mein paaya jaata hai aur padosi deshon mein bhi paaya jaata hai, jaise Nepal, bhootaan aur baangalaadesh. Bhaarat mein baaghon ki ghatati janasankhaaya ki jaanch karne ke liye April 1973 mein projekaat tiger (baagh pariyojana) shuroo ki gayi. ab tak is pariyojana ke adheen baagh ke 27 aarakshit kshetron ki saathaapana ki gayi hai jinmein 37,761 varg ki॰mee॰ kshetr shaamil hai.[5]
itihaas
baagh ke poorvajon ke cheen mein rahane ke nishaan mile hain. haal hi mein mile baagh ki ek vilupt up prajaati ke DNA se pata chala hai ki baagh ke poorvaj madhya cheen se Bhaarat aae the. ve jis raaste se Bhaarat aae the kai shataabdiyon baad isi raaste ko resham maarg (silk root) ke naam se jaana gaya. aaksaford university aur America mein enaseeaai leboretri of jeenomik daaivarsiti ke vaigyaaniko ke mutaabik[3] 1970 mein vilupt ho jaane vaale madhya Asia ke kaispiyn baagh va roos ke sudoor poorv mein milne vaale saaiberiyaai ya emur baagh ek jaise hain. is khoj se yeh pata chalta hai ki kis tarah baagh madhya Asia aur roos pahunche. aaksaford ke wild life research kanjaraveshan unit ke ek shodhakarta kaarlos driskaal ke anusaar vilupt kaispiyn aur aaj ke saaiberiyaai baagh sabse najadeeki prajaatiyaan hain. iska matlab hai ki kaispiyn baagh kabhi vilupt naheen hue. adhyayan ke havaale se kaha gaya hai ki 40 saal pehle vilupt ho gaye kaispiyn baaghon ka theek se adhyayan naheen kiya ja saka tha. isliye hamein DNA namoonon ko fir se praapt karna pada. ek anya shodhakarta dau॰ naabi yaamaaguchi ne bataaya ki madhya Asia jaane ke liye kaispiyn baaghon dvaara apnaaya gaya maarg hamesha ek paheli maana jaata raha. kyonki madhya Asiaee baagh Tibet ke pathaari baaghon se alag najar aate hain. lekin nae adhyayan mein kaha gaya hai ki lagbhag 10 hajaar saal pehle baagh cheen ke sankare gaansu galiyaare se gujarakar Bhaarat pahunche. iske hajaaron saal baad yahi maarg vyaapaarik silk root ke naam se vikhyaat hua.[6]
chitr deergha
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ek praacheen jarman kalaakruti
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1650veen sadi ki ek mugal kalaakruti daravesh aur baagh
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Bengal ka baagh
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sumaatra ka baagh
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saaiberiyaai baagh
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ek aur saaibiriyaai baagh
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baagh pyaas bujhaate hue
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France ke chidiyaaghar mein safed baagh
sandarbh
- ↑ Chundawat, R.S., Habib, B., Karanth, U., Kawanishi, K., Ahmad Khan, J., Lynam, T., Miquelle, D., Nyhus, P., Sunarto, Tilson, R. & Sonam Wang (2008). Panthera tigris. 2008 sankatagrast prajaatiyon ki IUCN laal soochi. IUCN 2008. Retrieved on 9 October 2008.
- ↑ "Wild Tiger Conservation". Save The Tiger Fund. http://www.savethetigerfund.org. abhigman tithi: 2009-03-07.
- ↑ a aa Linnaeus, Carolus (1758). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae:secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis.. 1 (10th san॰). Holmiae (Laurentii Salvii). pa॰ 41. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726936. abhigman tithi: 2008-09-08.
- ↑ "shaanadaar shikaari" (echateeem). Jharkhand sarkaar. http://www.jharkhandonline.gov.in/depts/fores/PalaWeb/hntiger.htm. abhigman tithi: 2008.
- ↑ "raashaatreeya pashu" (peeechapi). Bhaarat sarkaar. http://bharat.gov.in/knowindia/national_animal.php. abhigman tithi: 2008.
- ↑ "resham maarg se Bhaarat aae the baaghon ke poorvaj" (echateeemael). jaagaran. http://in.jagran.yahoo.com/news/international/general/3_5_5157225.html. abhigman tithi: 2008.