Sri Lanka

ශaa්aa‍aaරaaී ලaaංaaකaaා පaa්aa‍aaරaaජaaාaaතaaාaaනaa්aaතaa්aa‍aaරaaිaaක සaaමaaාaaජaaවaaාaaදaaී ජaaනaaරaaජaaය இaaலaaஙaa்aaகaaை ஜaaனaaநaaாaaயaaக சaaமaaதaa்aaதaaுaaவ கaaுaaடaaிaaயaaரaaசaaு Sri Lanka samaajavaadi janataantrik ganaraajya
dhvaj kul chinh
raashtragaan: "Sri Lanka maata" [[:Media:|sangeet]] sahaayata·[[:Image:|soochana]], [[:Media:|gaayan]] sahaayata·[[:Image:|soochana]]
rajdhani		shri jayavardhanaapura-kotti 6°a54′aN 79°a54′aE / 6.9°aN 79.9°aE / 6.9; 79.9
sabse bada nagar		Colombo
raajabhaasha(eain)		sinhala, tamil
antarajaateeya samvaad ke liye prayukt bhaasha		angreji
nivaasi		shreelankan
sarkaar		lokataantrik samaajavaadi ganaraajya
-	raashtrapati	mahinda raajapakshe
-	pradhaanamantri	ratnaasiri vikramaanaayake
sthaapana
-	svatantrata sanyukt raajashaahi se	4 fravari 1948
-	ganaraajya	22 May 1972
kshetrafal
-	kul	65,610 varg kilometer (122 vaan) 25,332 varg meal
-	jal (%)	4.4
janasankhya
-	2009 janaganana	20,242,000 (53vaan)
-	July 2008 janaganana	21,324,791
sakal ghareloo utpaad (PPP)		2008 praakkalan
-	kul	$92.018 billion (-)
-	prati vyakti	$4,581 (-)
mudra		shreelankaai rupaya (LKR)
samay mandal		shreelankaai maanak samay mandal (yoo॰atee॰asee॰+5:30)
yaataayaat chaalan disha		left
doorabhaash koot		94
Internet teeeladi		.lk

Sri Lanka (aadhikaarik naam Sri Lanka samaajavaadi janataantrik ganaraajya) dakshin Asia mein hind mahaasaagar ke uttari bhaag mein sthit ek dveepeeya desh hai. Bhaarat ke dakshin mein sthit is desh ki doori Bhaarat se maatr 31 kilometer hai. 1972 tak iska naam seelon (angreji:Ceylon) tha, jise 1972 mein badalkar lanka tatha 1978 mein iske aage sammaanasoochak shabd "shri" jodkar Sri Lanka kar diya gaya. Sri Lanka ka sabse bada nagar Colombo samudri parivhan ki drushti se ek mahatvapoorn bandaragaah hai.

bhaarateeya pauraanik kaavyon mein is sthaan ka varnan lanka ke roop mein kiya gaya hai. itihaasakaaron mein is baat ki aam dhaarana thi ki Sri Lanka ke aadim nivaasi aur dakshin Bhaarat ke aadi maanav ek hi the. par abhi taaja khudaai se pata chala hai ki Sri Lanka ke shuruaati maanav ka sambandh uttar Bhaarat ke logon se tha. bhaashik vishleshanon se pata chalta hai ki sinhali bhaasha, gujaraati bhaasha aur sindhi bhaasha se judi hai.

praacheen kaal se hi Sri Lanka par shaahi sinhal vansh ka shaasan raha hai. samay-samay par dakshin bhaarateeya raajavanshon ka bhi aakraman bhi is par hota raha hai. teesari sadi isa poorv mein maurya samraat ashok ke putr Mahendra ke yahaan aane par bauddh dharm ka aagaman hua.

solahaveen sadi mein Europeeya shaktiyon ne Sri Lanka mein apna vyaapaar sthaapit kiya. desh chai, rabad, cheeni, kaufi, daalacheeni sahit anya masaalon ka niryaatak ban gaya. pehle Portugal ne Colombo ke paas apna durg banaaya. dheere-dheere purtagaaliyon ne apna prabhutv aaspaas ke ilaakon mein bana liya. Sri Lanka ke nivaasiyon mein unke prati ghruna ghar kar gayi. unhonne dach logon se madad ki appeal ki. 1630 isvi mein dachon ne purtagaaliyon par hamla bola aur unhein maar giraaya, lekin iska asar shreelankaai par bhi hua aur un par dachon ne aur jyaada kar thop diya. 1660 tak angrejon ka dhyaan bhi is par gaya. Netherland par France ke adhikaar hone ke baad angrejon ko dar hua ki Sri Lanka ke dach ilaakon par fraansisi adhikaar ho jaaega. taduparaant unhonne dach ilaakon par adhikaar karna aarambh kar diya. 1800 isvi ke aate-aate tateeya ilaakon par angrejon ka adhikaar ho gaya. 1818 tak antim raajya candy ke raaja ne bhi aatmasamarpan kar diya aur is tarah sampoorn Sri Lanka par angrejon ka adhikaar ho gaya. dviteeya vishvayuddh ke baad 4 February 1948 ko desh ko sanyukt raajashaahi se poorn svatantrata mili.

hind mahaasaagar ke uttari bhaag me sthit is dweep raashtra ki bhoomi kendreeya pahaadon tatha tateeya maidaanon se milkar bani hai. vaarshik varsha 2500 se 5000 mi.mi. tak hoti hai. vaarshik taapamaan ka ausat maidaani ilaakon mein 27 degree celcius tatha nuvar eliya (oonchaai - 1800 meter) ke ilaake mein 15 degree celcius rahata hai. is desh ka vistaar 6-10 gigri uttari akshaansh ke madhya hone, tatha chaaro or samudra se ghire hone ki vajah se yeh ek ushn katibandheeya jalavaayu kshetr hai. yahaan ki ausat saapekshik aardrata din mein 70% se lekar raat ke samay mein 90% tak ho jaati hai.

Sri Lanka ke praant

prashaasakeeya roop se Sri Lanka 9 praanton mein banta hua hai. in 9 praanton mein kul 25 jile hain. in jilon ke tahat mandaleeya sachivaalaya aate hain aur inke ghatak ikaaiyon ko gram sevak khand kehte hain.

yeh desh ek bahujaateeya tatha bahudhaarmik hai. yahaan ke nivaasiyon mein 74% sinhali, 18% tamil, 7% muslim tatha 1% anya jaatimool ke hain.

shreelankaai gruhayuddh Sri Lanka mein bahusankhyak sinhala aur alpasankhyak tamilo ke beech 23 July, 1983 se aarambh hua gruhayuddh hai. mukhyat: yeh shreelankaai sarkaar aur alagaavavaadi gut litte ke beech lada jaane wala yuddh hai. 30 maheenon ke sainya abhiyaan ke baad May 2009 mein shreelankaai sarkaar ne litte ko paraast kar diya.^[1]

lagbhag 25 varshon tak chale is gruhayuddh mein donon or se badi sankhya mein log maare gaye aur yeh yuddh dveepeeya raashtra ki arthavyastha aur paryaavaran ke liye ghaatak siddh hua. litte dvaara apnaai gayi yuddh-neetiyon ke chalte 32 deshon ne ise aatankvaadi guto ki shreni mein rakha jinmein Bhaarat^[2], Australia, Canada, Europeeya sangh^[3] ke bahut se sadasya raashtra aur anya kai desh hain. ek-chauthaai sadi tak chale is jaateeya sangharsh mein sarkaari aaainkadon ke anusaar hi lagbhag 80,000 log maare gaye hain. .

• Sri Lanka (vikshanari)

• Sri Lanka sarkaar ka jalaprushth