Orissa

Orissa

Bhaarat ke praant
rajdhani	bhuvaneshvar
sabse bada shahar	bhuvaneshvar
janasankhya	41,974,358
- ghanatv	269.2 /kimee²
kshetrafal	155,707 kimee²
- jile	30
raajabhaasha(eain)	odiaa
pratishtha	1 April 1936
- raajyapaal	S si jameer
- mukhyamantri	naveen patanaayak
- vidhaanasabha	ek sabha
aaiesao sankshep	IN-OR
http://www.orissa.gov.in

Orissa, (odiaa: ଓaaଡaa଼aaିaaଶaaା) jise pehle udeesa ke naam se jaana jaata tha, Bhaarat ke poorvi tat par sthit ek raajya hai. Orissa uttar mein Jharkhand, uttar poorv mein pashchim Bengal dakshin mein Andhra pradesh aur pashchim mein chhatteesagadh se ghira hai tatha poorv mein Bengal ki khaadi hai. yeh usi praacheen raashtra kaling ka aadhunik naam hai jispar 261 isa poorv mein maurya samraat ashok ne aakraman kiya tha aur yuddh mein huye bhayaanak raktapaat se vyathit ho antat: bauddh dharm angeekaar kiya tha. aadhunik Orissa raajya ki sthaapana 1 April 1936 ko Cuttack ke kanika pailes mein Bhaarat ke ek raajya ke roop mein hui thi aur is naye raajya ke adhikaansh naagrik odiaa bhaashi the. raajya mein 1 April ko utkal diwas (Orissa diwas) ke roop mein manaaya jaata hai.

kshetrafal ke anusaar Orissa Bhaarat ka nauvaan aur janasankhya ke hisaab se gyaarahavaan sabse bada raajya hai. odiaa bhaasha raajya ki adhikaarik aur sabse adhik boli jaane waali bhaasha hai. bhaashaai sarvekshan ke anusaar Orissa ki 93.33% janasankhya odiaa bhaashi hai. paaraadveep ko chhodkar raajya ki apekshaakrut sapaat tatarekha (lagbhag 480 kimi lambi) ke kaaran achhe bandaragaahon ka abhaav hai. sankeern aur apekshaakrut samatal tateeya patti jismein mahaanadi ka delta kshetr shaamil hai, raajya ki adhikaansh janasankhya ka ghar hai. bhaugolik lihaaj se iske uttar mein chhotaanaagapur ka pathaar hai jo apekshaakrut kam upajaaoo hai lekin dakshin mein mahaanadi, braahmani, saalandi aur baitarani nadiyon ka upajaaoo maidaan hai. yeh poora kshetr mukhya rup se chaaval utpaadak kshetr hai. raajya ke aantarik bhaag aur kam aabaadi vaale pahaadi kshetr hain. 1672 meter ooaincha devamaali, raajya ka sabse ooaincha sthaan hai.

Orissa mein teevr chakravaat aate rahate hain aur sabse teevr chakravaat ushnakatibandheeya chakravaat 05bi, 1 October 1999 ko aaya tha, jiske kaaran jaanmaal ka gambhir nuksaan hua aur lagbhag 10000 log mrutyu ka shikaar ban gaye.

Orissa ke sanbalapur ke paas sthit heeraakund baandh vishv ka sabse lamba mitti ka baandh hai. Orissa mein kai lokapriya paryatak sthal sthit hain jinmein, puri, konaark aur bhuvaneshvar sabse pramukh hain aur jinhein poorvi Bhaarat ka sunahara trikon pukaara jaata hai. puri ke jagannaath mandir jiski rathayaatra vishv prasiddh hai aur konaark ke soorya mandir ko dekhne prativrsh laakhon paryatak aate hain. brahmapur ke paas jaugada mein sthit ashok ka prasiddh shilaalekh aur Cuttack ka baarabaati kila Bhaarat ke puraataatvik itihaas mein mahatvapoorn hain.

raajya ke naam ki utpatti

Orissa naam ki utpatti sanskrut ke odr vishay ya odr desh se hui hai. odavansh ke raaja odr ne ise basaaya paali aur sanskrut donon bhaashaaon ke saahitya mein odr logon ka ullekh kramash: oddaak aur odr: ke roop mein kiya gaya hai. plini aur tolemi jaise yoonaani lekhakon ne odr logon ka varnan oretas (Oretes) kah kar kiya hai. mahaabhaarat mein odraon ka ullekh paundr, utkal, mekal, kaling aur Andhra ke saath hua hai jabki manu ke anusaar odr log paundrak, yavan, shak, parad, pallv, chin, keerat aur kharas se sambandhit hain. plini ke praakrutik itihaas mein oretas log us bhoomi par vaas karte hain jahaan maleus parvat (Maleus) khada hai. yahaan yoonaani shabd oretas sambhavat: sanskrut ke odr ka yoonaani sanskaran hai jabki, maleus parvat paalalahada ke sameep sthit malayagiri hai. plini ne maleus parvat ke saath mondes aur sharees logon ko bhi joda hai jo sambhavat: Orissa ke pahaadi kshetron mein vaas karne vaale munda aur savar log hain.

raamaayan mein Ram ki maata kaushalya, koshal ke raaja ki putri hain. mahaabhaarat mein paandavon ne ek varsh ka ajnyaaatavaas raaja viraat ke yahaaain rahakar bitaaya tha jo 'matsya' desh ke raaja the.

Bhaarat ke poorvi tat par base Orissa raajya ki rajdhani bhuvaneshvar hai. yeh shahar apne utkrusht mandiron ke liye vikhyaat hai. yahaaain ki janasankhya lagbhag 42 million hai jiska 40 pratishat anusoochit jaati evam anusoochit janajaati ka hai. Orissa ka vikaas dar anya raajyon ki tulana mein bilkul kharaab haalat mein hai. 1990 mein Orissa ka vikaas dar 4.3% tha jabki ausat vikaas dar 6.7% hai. Orissa ke kashi kshetr ka vikaas mein yogadaan 32 feesadi hai. raajya mein lagbhag aadhi se jyaada aabaadi (17.5 million) gareebi rekha se neeche gujar basar karti hai aur prati vyakti ausat aay bhi achhi naheen hai.

Orissa ki rajdhani bhuvaneshvar hai jo ki Orissa ke poorv rajdhani Cuttack se sirf 29 kimi door hai. in donon shaharon ko milaakar Orissa ka yugm shahar bhi kaha jaata hai. hinduon ke chaar dhaamon mein se ek puri 60 kimi ke doorata par Bengal ki khaadi ke kinaare avasthit hai. yeh shahar hindu devata shri jagannaath, unke mandir evam vaarshik rathayaatra ke liye suprasiddh hai.

Orissa ka uttari va pashchimi ansh chhotaanaagapur pathaar ke antargat aata hai. tatavarti ilaaka jo ki Bengal ki khaadi se sata hai mahaanadi, braahmani, baitarani aadi pramukh nadeeyon se sinchata hai. yeh ilaaka atyant upajaaoo hai aur yahaan par saghan roop se chaaval ki kheti ki jaati hai.

Orissa ka takareeban 32% bhoobhaag jangalon se dhanka hai par janasankhya visforn ke baad jungle teji se sikud rahe hain. Orissa mein vanyajeev sanrakshan ke liye ka‍aai abhayaaranya hain. inmein se similipaal jaateeya udyaan pramukh hai. ka‍aai ekad jameen par faila hua yeh udyaan haalaanki vyaaghr prakalp ke antargat aata hai par yahaan par haathi va anyaanya vanyajeevon ka nivaas bhi hai.

Orissa ke hradon mein chilika aur anshupa pradhaan hain. mahaanadi ke dakshin mein tatavarti ilaake mein avasthit chilika pure esiya mahaadesh ka sabse bada hrad hai. Orissa ka sabse bada madhur jal hrad anshupa Cuttack ke sameepavarti aathagadh mein avasthit hai.

Orissa sarvochch parvat shikhar devamaali (deomaali) hai jiski oonchaai 1672 mi. hai. dakshin Orissa ke koraaput jila mein avasthit yeh shikhar poorvaghaat ka bhi uchchatam shikhar hai.

jagannaath mandir, puri

odiaa yahaan ki mukhya bhaasha hai. yeh raajya samraat ashok ke saath hua kaling yuddh ka saakshi hai

Orissa par 3sari sadi isa poorv se raaj karne vaale kuchh vansh is prakaar hain:-

odavansh, mahaameghavaahan vansh, maathar vansh, nal vansh, vigrah evam mudagal vansh, shailodabhav vansh, bhaumakar vansh, nandodabhav vansh, som vansh keshari, gang vansh gajapati, soorya vansh gajapati.

krushi

Orissa ki arthavyavastha mein krushi ki mahattvapoorn bhoomika hai. Orissa ki lagbhag 80pratisht janasankhya krushi kaarya mein lagi hai, haalaanki yahaaain ki adhikaansh bhoomi anupajaaoo ya ek se adhik vaarshik fsal ke liye anupayukt hai. Orissa mein lagbhag 40 lakh khet hain, jinka ausat aakaar 1.5 hekteyar hai, lekin prati vyakti krushi kshetr 0.2 hekteyar se bhi kam hai. raajya ke kul kshetrafal ke lagbhag 45 pratishat bhaag mein khet hai. iske 80 pratishat bhaag mein chaaval ugaaya jaata hai. anya mahattvapoorn fsalein tilhan, dalahan, joot, ganna aur naariyl hai. soorya ke prakaash ki upalabdhata mein kami, madhyam gunavatta waali mitti, urvarakon ka nyoonatam upayog aur maanasooni varsha ke samay va maatra mein vividhta hone ke kaaran yahaaain upaj kam hoti hai

choonki bahut se graameen lagaataar saal bhar rojgaar naheen praapt kar paate, isliye krushi- kaarya mein lage bahut se parivaar gair krushi kaaryon mein bhi sanlagn hai. janasankhya vruddhi ke kaaran prati vyakti krushi bhoomi ki upalabdhata kam hoti ja rahi hai. bhoo- adhigruhan par seema lagaane ke prayaas adhikaanshat: safal naheen rahe. haalaanki raajya dvaara adhigruheet kuchh bhoomi svaichhik taur par bhootapoorv kaashtakaaron ko de di gayi hai. chaaval Orissa ki mukhya fsal hai. 2004 - 2005 mein 65.37 lakh mi. tan chaaval ka utpaadan hua. ganne ki kheti bhi kisaan karte hain. uchch fsal utpaadan praudyogiki, samanvit poshak prabandhan aur keet prabandhan ko apnaakar krushi ka vistaar kiya ja raha hai. alag -alag falon ki 12.5 lakh aur kaajoo ki 10 lakh tatha sabjiyon ki 2.5 lakh kalamein kisaanon mein vitrit ki gayi hain. raajya mein pyaaj ki fsal ko badhaava dene ke liye achhi kism ki pyaaj ke 300 quintal beej baante gaye hain jinse 7,500 ekad jameen pyaaj ugaayi jaaegi. raashtreeya baagavaani mission ke antargat gulaab, guladaaoodi aur geinde ke foolon ki 2,625 pradarshaniyaaain ki gain. kisaanon ko dhaan ka nyoonatam samarthan moolya dilaane ke liye Orissa raajya naagrik aapoorti nigam li. (pi A si), maarkafed, naafed aadi agencyon ke dvaara 20 lakh mi. tan chaaval khreedane ka lakshya banaaya hai. sookhe ki aashanka se grast kshetron mein laghu jalaashaya liye 13 lakh hekteyar kshetr mein 2,413 laghu jalaashaya viksit karne ka lakshya hai.

sinchaai aur bijli

badi, manjholi aur chhoti pariyojanaaon aur jal dohan pariyojanaaon se sichaani kshamata ko badhaane ka prayaas kiya gaya hai-

• varsh 2004 - 2005 tak 2,696 lakh hekteyar bhoomi ki sinchaai ki vyavastha poorn ki ja chuki hai.
• 2005-06 ke satr mein 12,685 hekteyar sinchaai ki chhah sinchaai pariyojanaaon ko chihnit kiya gaya hai jismein se chaar yojanaaen lakshya praapt kar chuki hain.
• 2005 - 2006 mein Orissa lift sinchaai nigam ne 'Biju krushak vikaas yojana' ke antargat 500 lift sinchaai paaint banaaye hain aur 1,200 hekteyar ki sinchaai kshamata praapt ki hai.
• 2004 - 2005 mein raajya mein bijli ki kul utpaadan kshamata 4,845.34 megawatt thi tatha kul sroton se praapt bijli kshamata 1,995.82 megawatt thi.
• March 2005 tak raajya ke kul 46,989 gaanvon mein se 37,744 gaanvon mein bijli pahuaincha di gayi hai.

udyog

udyog protsaahan evam nivesh nigam li., audyogik vikaas nigam limited aur Orissa raajya electronics vikaas nigam ye teen pramukh agencyan raajya ke udyogon ko aarthik sahaayata pradaan karti hai. ispaat, elyoomeeniym, telashodhan, urvarak aadi vishaal udyog lag rahe hain. raajya sarkaar laghu, graameen aur kuteer udyogon ko protsaahit karne ke liye chhoot dekar vitteeya madad de rahi hai. 2004 - 2005 varsh mein 83,075 laghu udyog ikaai sthaapit ki gayi.

audyogik vikaas karne ke liye rojagaar ke avsar aur aarthik vikaas dar ko badhaane ke liye Orissa udyog (suvidha) adhiniyam, 2004 ko laagoo kiya hai jisse nivesh prastaavon ke kam samay mein nibtaara aur nireekshan kaarya ho sake. nivesh ko sahi disha mein prayog karne ke liye dhaanchaagat suvidha mein sudhaar ko praathamikta di gayi hai. soochana praudyogiki mein dhaanchaagat vikaas karne ke liye bhuvaneshvar mein ek niryaat sanvarddhan audyogik park sthaapit kiya gaya hai. raajya mein laghu aur madhyam udyogon ko badhaane ke liye 2005 - 2006 mein 2,255 laghu udyog sthaapit kiye gaye, in yojanaaon mein 123.23 karod rupaye ka nivesh kiya gaya aur lagbhag 10,308 vyaktiyon ko kaam mila.

shramikon aur unke parivaar ke sadasyon ko sarkaari aspataalon mein svaasthya suvidhaaen di gayi hain. udyogon mein lage baal majadooron ko mukt kiya gaya aur aupachaarik shiksha aur vyaavasaayik prashikshan ke liye raashtreeya baal shramik pariyojana ke antargat pravesh diya gaya. raajya bhar mein 18 jilon mein 18 baalashramik pariyojanaaen kriyaanvit hain. lagbhag 33,843 baal shramikon ko raashtreeya baal shramik pariyojana dvaara sanchaalit schoolon mein pravesh dilaaya gaya hai aur 64,885 baal shramikon ko schooli shiksha ke maadhyam se mukhyadhaara mein jodane ka prayaas kiya gaya. shramikon ko diya jaane wala nyoonatam vetan badhaaya gaya.

Orissa ke audyogik sansaadhan ullekhaneeya hain. kromaait, mainganeej ayask aur dolomaait ke utpaadan mein Orissa Bhaarat ke sabhi raajyon se aage hai. yeh uchch gunavatta ke lauh- ayask ke utpaadan mein bhi agrani hai. dheinkaanaal ke bheetari jile mein sthit mahattvapoorn taalachar ki khaanon se praapt koyala raajya ke pragalan va urvarak utpaadan ke liye oorja upalabdh karaata hai. steel, alauh pragalan aur urvarak udyog raajya ke bheetar bhaagon mein keindrit hain, jabki adhikaansh dhalaaighar, rel kaaryashaalaaeain, kaaainch nirmaan aur kaagj ki milein Cuttack ke aaspaas mahaanadi ke delta ke nikat sthit hai. jiska upayog upamahaadveep ki sarvaadhik mahattvaakaankshi bahuuddesheeya pariyojana, heeraakud baaaindh va maachhakud jalavidyut pariyojana dvaara kiya ja raha hai. ye donon bahut si anya chhoti ikaaiyon ke saath samooche nichle besin ko baadh niyantran, sinchaai aur bijli upalabdh karaate hai.

khanij

bade udyog mukhyat: khanij aadhaarit hain, jinmein raaurakela sthit ispaat va urvarak sanyantr, jodo va raayagada mein lauh mainganeej sanyatr, raaj gaangapur va belapahaad mein apavartak utpaadan kar rahe kaarakhaane, chaudvaar (naya naam taangi chaudvaar) mein refrijretar nirmaan sanyantr aur raajagaangapur mein ek cement kaarakhaana shaamil hain. raayagada va chaudvaar mein cheeni va kaagj ki tatha brajaraajanagar mein kaagj ki badi milein hain; anya udyogon mein vastr, kaanch ailuminiym dhaatupind va kebal aur bhaari machine upakaran shaamil hain.

soochana praudyogiki

soochana praudyogik mein raajya mein santosh janak pragati ho rahi hai. bhuvaneshvar ki infositi mein vikaas kendra kholne ka prayaas chal raha hai. Orissa sarkaar aur national Institute of gavarneins tatha national infaarmetiks center ne sanyukt roop ek paaradarshi aur kushal pranaali shuroo ki hai. raajya mukhyaalaya ko jila mukhyaalayon, sab diveejan mukhyaalayon, block mukhyaalayon se jodane ke liye E-gavarneins par aadhaarit kshetr network se joda ja raha hai. udiya bhaasha ko computer mein laane ke liye 'bhaarateeya bhaashaaon ke liye praudyogiki vikaas' kaaryakram ke antargat udiya bhaasha ka package taiyaar kiya ja raha hai.

matsya paalan aur pashu sansaadhan vikaas

raajya ki krushi neeti mein aadhunik vaigyaanik takaneeki ka prayog karte hue, doodh, machhali aur maans utpaadan ke vikaas ko vishesh roop se viksit karne ka prayaas karke kul dugdh utpaadan 36 lakh liter pratidin arthaat 3 lakh liter se adhik tak pahuaincha diya gaya hai. dairy utpaadan ke vikaas ke liye Orissa dugdh fedareshanamein raajya ke sabhi 30 jilon ko sammilit gaya hai. federation ne dugdh sanrakshan ko badhaakar 2.70 lakh liter pratidin tak kar diya hai. 'staip' kaaryakram ke tahat federation dvaara 17 jilon mein 'mahila dairy pariyojana' chal rahi hai. raajya mein 837 mahila dairy sahakaari samitiyaan hain, jinmein 60,287 mahilaaen kaaryarat hain.

Orissa ki samruddh kalaatmak viraasat hai aur isne bhaarateeya kala evam vaastushilp ke sarvashreshth udaaharanon ka srujan kiya hai. bhittichitron patthar va lakdi par nakkaashi Dave chitr (patt chitrakala ke naam se vikhyaat) aur taadpatron par chitrakaari ke maadhyam se kalaatmak paramparaaen aaj bhi kaayam hain. hastashilp kalaakaar chaandi mein behad maheen jaali ki kataai ki alankrut shilp kala ke liye vikhyaat hain.

nrutya

janajaateeya ilaakon mein kai prakaar ke lokanrutya hai. maadal va baansuri ka sangeet gaanvo mein aam hai. Orissa ka shaastreeya nrutya odishi 700 varshon se bhi adhik samay se astitv mein hai. moolat: yeh ishvar ke liye kiya jaane wala mandir nrutya tha. nrutya ke prakaar, gati, mudraaen aur bhaav-bhangimaaen bade mandiron ki deevaaron par, visheshakar konaark mein shilp va ubhari hui nakkaasi ke roop mein ankit hain, is nrutya ke aadhunik pravartakon ne ise raajya ke baahar bhi lokapriya banaaya hai. mayoorabhanj aur saraayakela pradeshon ka chhaoo nrutya (mukhaute pahane kalaakaaron dvaara kiya jaane wala nrutya) Orissa ki sanskruti ki ek anya dharohar hai. 1952 mein Cuttack mein kala vikaas kendra ki sthaapana ki gayi, jismein nrutya va sangeet ke protsaahan ke liye ek chhah varsheeya avadhi ka shikshan paathayakram hai. national myoojik association (raashtreeya sangeet samiti) bhi is uddeshya ke liye hai. Cuttack mein anya prasiddh nrutya va sangeet kendra hai: utkal sangeet samaaj, utkal smruti kala mandap aur mukti kala mandir.

konaark mandir

tyohaar

Orissa ke anek apne paaramparik tyohaar hain. iska ek anokha tyohaar October ya November (tithi hindu panchaang ke anusaar tay ki jaati hai) mein manaaya jaane wala boita bandana (naukaaon ki pooja) anushtha hai. poornima se pehle lagaataar paanch dinon tak log nadi kinaaron ya samudra taton par ekatr hote hain aur chhote-chhote nauka roop tairaate hain. jo iska prateek hai ki ve bhi apne poorvajon ki tarah sudoor sthaanon (Malaysia, Indonesia) ki yaatra par nikleinge. puri mein jagannaath (brahmaand ka svaami) mandir hai, jo Bhaarat ke sarvaadhik prasiddh mandiron mein se ek hai. yahaaain hone waali vaarshik rathayaatra laakhon logon ko aakrusht karti hai. yahaaain se kuchh hi kilometer ki doori par Bhagwan soorya ke rath ke aakaar mein bana konaark mandir hai. yeh mandir madhyakaaleen udiya sanskruti ke utkrusht udaaharanon mein se ek hai.

1947 ke baad shaikshanik sansthaanon mein ullekhaneeya vruddhi hui hai. yahaaain paaainch vishvavidyaalaya (aur kai sambaddh mahaavidyaalaya) hain, jinmein utkal vishvavidyaalaya aur udeesa krushi evam prodyogiki vishvavidyaalaya sabse bade va vikhyaat hain.

• vishvavidyaalaya

inhein bhi dekhein: Orissa ke vishvavidyaalaya

• • utkal vishvavidyaalaya, vaani vihaar, bhuvaneshvar.
  • fkeer mohan vishvavidyaalaya, vyaas vihaar, baaleshvar
  • brahmapur vishvavidyaalaya, bhanj vihaar, brahmapur.
  • Orissa yunivrsiti aaf egreekalchar aind teknaalaji, bhuvaneshvar.
  • sanbalapur vishvavidyaalaya, jyoti vihaar, sanbalapur.
  • shri jagannaath sanskrut vishvavidyaalaya, puri.
  • bijoo patanaayak yunivrsiti aaf teknaalaji, raaurakela -->
• prabandhan sansthaan
  • jeviyr Institute aaf management, bhuvaneshvar - http://www.ximb.ac.in
• abhiyaantriki mahaavidyaalaya
  • national Institute of teknaalaji (http://www.nitrkl.ac.in/) raaurakela
  • kaalej of injinyaring aind teknaalaji (http://www.cetindia.org) bhuvaneshvar
  • yunivrsiti kaalej aaf injinyaring (http://www.uceburla.org/) burla
  • national Institute aaf science aind teknaalaji (http://www.nist.edu) brahmapur
  • I.ji.I.ti., saarang (utkal vishvavidyaalaya ke adheen)
  • [http://www.cvraman.org si.vi. raaman injinyaring kaalej, bhuvaneshvar, (utkal vishvavidyaalaya ke adheen)
  • purushottam Institute of injinyaring aind teknaalaji, raurakela (http://www.piet.ac.in)
  • padmanaava kaalej of injinyaring (http://www.pcerkl.ac.in)
• chikitsa mahaavidyaalaya
  • shri raamachandr bhanj medikaal college, Cuttack
  • mahaaraaja krushnachandr gajapati Dave medikaal college, brahmapur
  • veer surendr saae medikaal college, burla, sambalapur
• ayurvedik mahaavidyaalaya
  • anant tripaathi ayurvedik college, balaangir
  • brahmapur sarkaari ayurvedik mahaabidyaalaya, brahmapur
  • sarkaari ayurvedik mahaabidyaalaya, puri
  • gopaalabandhu ayurvedik mahaabidyaalaya, puri
  • sarkaari aayurved mahaabidyaalaya, balaangir.
  • ke.A.ti.A. ayurvedik mahaabidyaalaya, ganjaam.
  • nrusinhanaath sarkaari ayurvedik mahaabidyaalaya, paaikamaal, sambalapur
  • es.es.en. aayurved mahaabidyaalaya evam gaveshana pratishthaan, nrusinhanaath

in sansthaanon ki upasthiti ke baavajood udeesa ki janasankhya ka ek chhota sa bhaag hi vishvavidyaalaya star tak shikshit hai aur raajya ki saaksharata dar (63.61 pratishat) raashtreeya ausat (65.38 pratishat) se kam hai.

1947 se pehle Orissa mein sanchaar suvidhaaen aviksit theen, lekin ismein se rajavaadon ke vilay aur khanij sansaadhanon ki khoj se achhi sadkon ke sanjaal ki aavashyakta mahasoos ki gayi. adhikaansh pramukh nadiyon par pul nirmaan jaise bade vinirmaan kaaryakram Orissa sarkaar dvaara shuroo kiye gaye. mahaanadi ke muhaane par paaraadeep mein sabhi mausamon ke liye upayukt, gahre bandargaah ka nirmaan kiya gaya hai. yeh bandargaah raajya ke niryaat, visheshakar koyale ke niryaat ka kendra ban gaya hai. raajya mein vikaas dar badhaane ke liye parivhan ki anek yojanaaon ko kriyaanvit kiya ja raha hai-

sadakein

2004 - 05 tak raajya mein sadakon ki kul lanbaai 2,37,332 ki॰ami॰ thi. ismein raashtreeya raajamaargon ki kul lanbaai 3,595 ki.mi., express raajamaargon ki kul lanbaai 29 kilometer, raajakeeya raajamaargon ki kul lanbaai 5,102 ki॰ami॰ jila mukhya sadkon ki kul lanbaai 3,189 ki.mi., anya jila sadkon ki kul lanbaai 6,334 ki॰ami॰ aur graameen sadkon ki kul lanbaai 27,882 ki॰ami॰ hai. panchaayat samiti sadkon ki kul lanbaai 1,39,942 ki॰ami॰ aur 88 ki॰ami॰ gridko sadkein hain.

railway

31 March 2004 tak raajya mein 2,287 kilometer lambi badi rel laainein aur 91 kilometer chhoti laainein thi.

uddayan

bhuvaneshvar mein havaai adde ka aadhunikeekaran ka kaarya ho raha hai. yahaaain se Delhi, Kolkata, chennai, Nagpur aur Hyderabad ke liye seedhi udaanein hain. is samay raajya bhar mein 13 havaai pattiyaan aur 16 helipad ki vyavastha hai.

bandargaah

paaraadeep raajya ka ek maatr mukhya bandargaah hai. gopaalapur ko poore saal kaam karne vaale bandargaah ke roop mein viksit karne ka kaarya pragati par hai.

raajya ke aarthik vikaas mein paryatan ke mahattv ko samajhte hue media prabandhan agencyon aur parv prabandhakon ko prachaar evam prasaar ka kaarya diya gaya hai. Orissa ko vibhinn mahattvapoorn paryatan parijnaaon - dhauli mein shaanti park, lalitgiri, udayagiri tatha laangudi ke bauddh sthalon ko dhaanchaagat vikaas aur pipili mein paryatan vikaas ka kaam kiya jaaega. (puri) bhuvaneshvar ka ekaagr utsav, konaark ka konaark parv ke melon aur tyohaaron ke vikaas ke liye prayaas kiya ja raha hai. Orissa paryatan vibhaag ne bainkaak, Moscow, London, Kuala Lumpur, kochchi, Kolkata, Raipur aadi ke bhraman vyaapaar ke aayojanon mein bhaag liya. paryatan kshetr mein niji kshetr ki bhaageedaari ko protsaahan dene ke liye 373 maargadarshakon (gaaidon) ko prashikshan diya gaya.

paryatan sthal

• soorya mandir, konaark
• raajya ki rajdhani bhuvaneshvar lingaraaj mandir ke liye prasiddh hai.
• puri ka jagannaath mandir
• sundar puri tat
• raajya ke anya prasiddh paryatan kendra hain konaark, nandanakaanan, chilka jheel, dhauli bauddh mandir, udayagiri-khandagiri ki praacheen gufaaen, ratnagiri, lalitgiri aur udayagiri ke bauddh bhittichitr aur gufaaen, saptasajya ka manoram pahaadi drushya, similipaal raashtreeya udyaan tatha baagh pariyojana, heeraakund baandh, duduma jalaprapaat, ushaakothi vanya jeev abhayaaranya, gopaanapur samudri tat, harishankar, nrusinhanaath, taaraataarini, taptaapaani, bhitrakanika, bheemakund kapilaash aadi sthaan prasiddh hain.

puri ka jagannaath mandir

maalava ka raaja indradyumn ne puraatanakaal mein jagannaath mandir banavaane ke nimitt vindhya se bada -bada patthar mangavaaya. shankhanaabhi mandal ke oopar mandir banaaya gaya. yahaaain maalava ka raaja indradyumn ne raamakrushnapur naam ka ek gaaainv basaae the. mandir ban jaane ke baad raaja indradyumn mandir mein praan pratishtha karaane ke liye brahma ji ke paas gaye the. brahmaaji ko laane mein unke anek varsh beet gaye| is beech mandir baalu ret se dhak chuka tha. baad mein raaja gaalamaadhav mandir ko baalu ret hataakar praapt kiya aur varnit saaksh ke aadhaar par ki is mandir ko raaja indradyumn ne nirmaan karavaaya hai yakeen kiya.

shri lingaraaj mandir

shri lingaraaj mandir praacheen kala sthaapatya se paripoorn yeh mandir bhuvaneshvar mein avasthit hai. yahaan paryatakon ki varsh bhar bheed lagi rahati hai. yahaaain is peeth ke pralayankaari shri Shiv adhishthaata hain. is mandir ke teen darvaaja uttar ,dakshin ,aur poorv mein hai. poorv ki taraf 34 fit ki oonchaai ke darvaaje ke donon taraf Singh ke moorti sthaapit hain is dwaar ko pravesh dwaar kha jaata hai. mandir chaar bhaagon mein vibhkt hai pratham- deul(mukhya mandir )dviteeya -jagamohan (bhaktonka baithakakhaana ) truteeya -naat mandir (nrutya mandap )chaturth -bhogamandap ( yahaan bhog chadhaaya jaata hai ) mandir ki oochaai 159 fit chaudaai465 fit lambaai 520 fit mein aur kshetrafal mein 4.5 ekad jameen par yeh mandir avasthit hai. is mandir mein Shiv vaahan brushabh auravishnu vaahan garun ko sthaapit kiya gaya hai jo shaivaajeev aur baishnavajeev ka nirdeshan svaroop hai. yahaan maha prasaad paaya jaata hai.

konaark ka soorya mandir

Bhaarat ke teerth sthalon mein ek kshetr ark kshetr hain konaark. yeh pramukh darshaneeya sthal mein se ek sthal hai. is kshetr ko padmakshetr, maitreyavan ke naam se jaana jaata hain. maitreya rishi ke tapoval se yeh sthaan pavitra ho gaya ataev iska naam maitreyavan naam se prasiddh hua. sooryadev yahaan ka adhishthaata devata hain. sooryadev yahaan arkaasur naamak raakshas ka vadh kiya tha jis kaaran is kshetr ka naam ark kshetr ho gaya. maitreya van mein soorya pooja karne se anek beemaariyaan door ho jaati hain aur paapakshaya ho jaata hain. aisa Kapil sanhita mein milta hain. padm kshetr chandrabhaaga ke kinaare shaamb ko jo pita ke shaap se shaapit hokar kushtarog se grasit ho gaya tha use naarad ji ki aajnyaa paalan karne ke kaaran rog se chhutakaara mila. puraan mein varnit hain. yahaan shukamuni tapoval se yogachaari purush hue. soorya vigrah katipya kaaranon se hataakar puri shri mandir mein sthaapit kiya gaya hain jahaan pratishtha uparaant ab pooja archana hoti hain.

2001 ki janaganana ke anusaar Orissa mein hindu 94.35%, isaai 2.44%, islaam 2.07% aur anya dharm (mukhyat: bauddh) 1.14% hai.

• jagannaath mandir, puri

Bhagwan jagannaath, balabhadr aur subhadra ka yeh mandir puri mein sthit hai aur yeh hindu dharm ke chaar dhaam mein ek maana jaata hai. har varsh hone waali rath yaatra mein door door se shrruddhaaloo bhaag lete hain.

Bhaarat ke pramukh teerth dhaam mein jagannaath dhaam poorv disha mein viraajamaan hai. is dhaam ko purushottam dhaam bhi kaha jaata hai. yahaan avataari vishnu hamesha avasthaan karte hain ,jo skand puraan mein ullekh hai. puraan shaastr ke anusaar yeh sthaan Bhagwan vishnu ka bhogabhoomi athva shvetadveep hai. is kshetr ko shankh kshetr naam se jaana jaata hai, yeh shankh jaisa aakaar ka kshetr hai. yeh maatr Bhaarat hi naheen vishv mein prasiddh sarvottam kshetr hai. jo Bhaarat mein udeesa praant mein avasthit hai.

• soorya mandir, konaark

Orissa ka shaasan bhaar sanprati beeju janta dal ke haath mein hai. dal ke sabhaapati tatha raajya ke mukhyamatri ka sthaan svargat beeju patanaayak ke suputr shri naveen patanaayak hain.

manttrimandal

infosis develapameint center - http://www.infosys.com/ mahindra satyam evam tata kansalteinsi services (ti si S)

naalko - http://www.nalco.com sel - http://www.sail.co.in/plants_rourkela.asp

• Orissa ka itihaas
• Orissa ke Loksabha sadasya
• Orissa ke jile

• Orissa sarkaar

Orissa praveshadvaar