John daaltan
| John daaltan | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| janm | 06 sitmbar 1766 igalsafeeld, kanbaralaind, England |
| mrutyu | 27 July 1844 (umr 77) mainchestar, England |
| ullekhaneeya shishya | James preskaut jool |
| prasiddhi | paramaanvik siddhaant, anupaat ka niyam, daaltan ka niyam, daaltanijm |
| prabhaav | John goh |
John daaltan (6 September, 1766 - 7 July, 1844) ek angrej vaigyaanik the. inhonne padaarth ki rachana sambandhi siddhaant ka pratipaadan kiya jo 'daaltan ke parmaanu siddhaant' ke naam se prachalit hai.
daaltan ka janm san 1766 mein England ke ek gareeb julaaha-parivaar mein hua tha. baarah varsh ki aayu mein unhonne ek shikshak ke roop mein apni jeevika shuroo ki. saat saal baad vah ek school ke principle ban gaye. san 1793 mein John kaalej mein ganit, bhautiki evam rasaayan shaastr padhaane vef liye Manchester chale gaye. vahaaain par unhonne apne jeevan ka adhikaansh samay shikshan evam shodhakaarya mein vyateet kiya. san 1808 mein inhonne apne parmaanu siddhaant ko prastut kiya, jo dravyon ke adhyayan ke liye ek mahatvapoorn siddhaant saabit hua.
daaltan ka parmaanu siddhaant
daaltan ne dravyon ki prakruti ke baare mein ek aadhaarbhoot siddhaant prastut kiya. daaltan ne dravyon ki vibhaajyata ka vichaar pradaan kiya jise us samay tak daarshanikta maana jaata tha. greek daarshanikon ke dvaara dravyon ke sookshmatam avibhaajya kan, jise parmaanu naam diya tha, use daaltan ne bhi parmaanu naam diya. daaltan ka yeh siddhaant raasaayanik sanyojan ke niyamon par aadharit tha. daaltan ke parmaanu siddhaant ne dravyamaan ke sanrakshan ke niyam evam nishchit anupaat ke niyam ki yuktisangat vyaakhya ki. daaltan ke parmaanu siddhaant ke anusaar sabhi dravya chaahe tatv, yaugik ya mishran ho, sookshm kanon se bane hote hain jinhein parmaanu kehte hain. daaltan ke siddhaant ki vivechana nimn prakaar se kar sakte hain:
- sabhi dravya paramaanuon se bane hote hain.
- parmaanu avibhaajya sookshmatam kan hote hain jo raasaayanik abhikriya mein na to srujit hote hain aur na hi unka vinaash hota hai.
- kisi bhi diye gaye tatv ke sabhi paramaanuon ka dravyamaan evam raasaayanik gun samaan hote hain.
- bhinn-bhinn tatvon ke paramaanuon ke dravyamaan evam raasaayanik gunadharm bhinn-bhinn hote hain.
- bhinn-bhinn tatvon ke parmaanu paraspar chhoteepoorn sankhya ke anupaat mein sanyog kar yaugik niyamit karte hain.
- kisi bhi yaugik mein paramaanuon ki saapeksh sankhya evam prakaar nishchit hote hain.
- ek raasaayanik pratikriya paramaanuon ki ek punarvyavastha hai.