Bhaarat ke bhaashaai parivaar

vruhad Bhaarat ke bhaasha parivaar

Bhaarat mein vishv ke sabse chaar pramukh bhaasha parivaaron ki bhaashaaeain boli jaati hai. saamaanyat: uttar Bhaarat mein boli jaane waali bhaaropeeya parivaar ki bhaashaaon ko aarya bhaasha samooh, dakshin ki bhaashaaon ko Dravid bhaasha samooh, ostro-eshiyaatik parivaar ki bhaashaaon ko bhundaari bhaasha samooh tatha poorvottar mein rahane vaale tibbati-barmi, nrujaateeya bhaashaaon ko cheeni-tibbati (naag bhaasha samooh) ke roop mein jaana jaata hai.

yeh parivaar Bhaarat ka sabse bada bhaashaai parivaar hai. iska vibhaajan 'indo-yuropeeya' (hind Europeeya) bhaasha parivaar se hua hai, iski doosari shaakha 'indo-Irani' bhaasha parivaar hai jiski pramukh bhaashaayein faarasi, Irani, pashto, baloochi ityaadi hain. Bhaarat ki do tihaai se adhik aabaadi hind aarya bhaasha parivaar ki koi na koi bhaasha vibhinn staron par prayog karti hai. jismein sanskrut samet mukhyat: uttar Bhaarat mein boli jaanevaali anya bhaashaayein jaise: hindi, urdoo, maraathi, nepaali, baangla, gujaraati, Kashmiri, dogari, punjabi, udiya, asamiya, maithili, Bhojpuri, maaravaadi, gadhvaali, konkani ityaadi bhaashaayein shaamil hain.

yeh bhaasha parivaar Bhaarat ka doosra sabse bada bhaashaayi parivaar hai. is parivaar ki sadasya bhaashaayein jyaadaatar dakshin Bhaarat mein boli jaati hain. is parivaar ka sabse bada sadasya tamil hai jo Tamil Nadu mein boli jaati hai. isi tarah Karnataka mein kannd, Kerala mein malayalam aur Andhra Pradesh mein telugu is parivaar ki badi bhaashaayein hain. iske alaava tuloo aur anya kai bhaashaayein bhi is parivaar ki mukhya sadasya hain. afgaanistaan, Pakistan aur bhaarateeya Kashmir ke seemaavarti kshetron mein isi parivaar ki braahui bhaasha bhi boli jaati hai jispar baloochi aur pashto jaisi bhaashaaon ka asar dekhne ko milta hai.

yeh praacheen bhaasha parivaar mukhya roop se Bhaarat mein Jharkhand, chhattisgadh, udeesa aur pashchim Bengal ke jyaadaatar hisson mein boli jaati hai. sankhya ki drushti se is parivaar ki sabse badi bhaasha santhaali ya santaali hai. yeh pashchim Bengal, udeesa, Jharkhand aur asam mein mukhyaroop se boli jaati hai. is parivaar ki anya pramukh bhaashaaon mein ho, mundaari, santhaali ya santaali, khadiya, saavara ityaadi bhaashaayein hain.

is parivaar ki jyaadaatar bhaashaayein Bhaarat ke saat uttar-poorvi raajyon jinhein 'saat-bahanein' bhi kehte hain, mein boli jaati hai. in raajyon mein arunaachal pradesh, meghaalaya, manipur, naagaalaind, mijoram, tripura aur asam ka kuchh hissa shaamil hai. is parivaar par cheeni aur aarya parivaar ki bhaashaaon ka mishrit prabhaav paaya jaata hai aur sabse chhota bhaashaai parivaar hone ke baavajood is parivaar ke sadasya bhaashaaon ki sankhya sabse adhik hai. is parivaar ki mukhya bhaashaaon mein naga, mijo, mhaar, manipuri, taangakhul, khaasi, dafla, tatha aao ityaadi bhaashaayein shaamil hain.

janasankhya ki drushti se yeh Bhaarat ka sabse chhota bhaashaai parivaar hai. iski khoj pichhle dinon mashahoor bhaasha vigyaani pro॰ anvita ab‍aabi ne ki. iske antargat andabaar-nikaabor dweep samooh ki bhaashaaen aati hain, jinmein pramukh hain- andamaani, gred andamaani, onge, jaarava aadi.

• hindi ki vibhinn boliyaaain aur unka saahitya
• Bhaarat ki bhaashaaeain
• Bhaarat ki boliyaaain
• bhaasha parivaar

• Bhaarat ke praacheen bhaasha parivaar aur hindi (Google pustak ; lekhak - Dr Ram bilaas sharma)

• "Knowing" Words inIndo-European Languages